著者

星 秀夫 佐々木 稔

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.91, no.1, pp.103-107, 2005-01-01

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Following research into methods for making practical use of Japanese swords, the following points were noted, (1)Upon examination of the forging face, it was found that the microstructure, hardness, and residual stress differed (2) In order to discover more about clad forging, a pre-heat treatment of the full annealing process was necessary (3) Especially in the core steel, non-metallic inclusion was noted in the area of the sharp side of sword (4)Upon examination of sample A, B, and C, all were found to contain pure material, the sample C however had high amount of Ti, Ca and V (5) Ordinary a core hardness of Hv 200 is obtained by addig O 1% C while quenching, however, an edge hardness of Hv 700〜800 can be easily obtained by the addition of 0 5〜0 6% carbon (6) Compared to other research materials, sample C had a low residual stress after compressive stress, however, sample C showed signs of past tempering and grinding that may account for the low residual stress It is assumed not to be an error in measurement (7) Upon examination of the microstructure, the central portion of the sword showed overheating in low carbon steel ferrite Follow-up research on old and new sword should include the traditional Japanese sword virtues of strength, cutting ability, and flexibility

著者

岩切 治久 北村 雅司 阿部 利雄 西田 清二 山本 勲

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.10, pp.A147-A150, 1986-08-01

著者

平戸 崇博 醍醐 市朗 松野 泰也 足立 芳寛

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.95, no.1, pp.96-101, 2009-01-01

被引用文献数

2 16

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Recently, prices of natural resources have rapidly risen, so recovery of materials from the end-of-life products as secondary resources is of great interest. However, it is generally a challenging task to estimate the in-use stock of materials, especially in developing countries, because of lack of data. In this paper, two approaches, a top-down approach and a bottom-up approach, were adopted for estimating the in-use steel stock in end uses. A top-down approach uses time-series data of consumption and trade of materials and product lifetime data, whereas a bot-tom-up approach uses the numbers of units of a specified product in a designated area and its material intensities. In this paper, the steel stock in Japan divided into six end uses was estimated by the top-down approach. The steel in-use stock in Japan was estimated as approximately 1,000Tg in 2005. Steel stock in automobiles in 2005 was estimated as 105Tg by the bottom-up approach and compared with that estimated as 125Tg by the top-down approach. In addition, applying the bottom-up approach, steel stock used in automobiles in U.S. was estimated and compared with that obtained by the previous research using a top-down approach. Steel stock used in automobiles in 2000 in U.S. was estimated as 480-870Tg by the top-down approach and 754-767Tg by the bottom-up approach. Both approaches have some uncertainties in the parameters used in the estimation. Therefore, complementary use of the two approaches is helpful to estimate in-use stock of materials.

著者

松本 龍太郎 田口 勇 小野 昭紘

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.4, 1973-03-10

著者

朝生 一夫 狩野 俊之 白石 典久 山浦 茂義

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.4, 1978-03-03

著者

朝生 一夫 和中 宏樹 飯田 義治 内田 清 狩野 征明 山野辺 二郎 馬場 俊晃

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.4, 1979-03-05

著者

柚原 俊一

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.7, pp.N387-N388, 1995-07-01

著者

秋山 友宏 八木 順一郎

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.12, 1987-09-04

著者

秋山 友宏 高橋 礼二郎 八木 順一郎

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.15, pp.2108-2115, 1987-11-01

被引用文献数

2

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In order to make a clear evaluation of overall energy requirement for the production system of directly reduced iron through pellet from iron ore powders, exergy analysis was applied to the two systems. The first one consists of pelletizing, firing and reduction processes (Fired pellets method) and the second one includes pellets curing process instead of firing process (Cement bonded pellets method). Being compared with enthalpy balance, exergy analysis has two advantages in that the exergy expresses the quality of energy and evaluates different kinds of energy like chemical, thermal, pressure, mixing energies and so on by a unified measure. As a result of exergy analysis, fired pellets lose less exergy than cement bonded pellets in the reduction process in a shaft furnace. As the overall system, however, exergy requirement in the cement bonded pellets method is about 50% of that in the fired pellets method. This marked difference is caused by the large exergy loss in the firing process. Furthermore, exergy loss in the production of cement bonded pellets will be decreased by decreasing the amount of cement added as binder.

著者

八木 順一郎

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.15, 1987-11-01

著者

奥野 利夫

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.1, pp.N23-N24, 1994-01-01

著者

秋山 友宏 八木 順一郎

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.3, pp.177-184, 1996-03-01

被引用文献数

3

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The concept of zero emission of waste material in the manufacturing process has been focussed worldwide for more efficient utilization of fossil fuels and environmental protection. In this study, background and feasibility of symbiotic ironworks based on this concept were discussed from the state-of-the-art technology in catalyst and heat storage/transportation. One possibility is ironworks with methanol industry, in which charged coke is partially replaced by natural gas and the hydrogen-enriched blast furnace offgas (BFG) is used as raw material for methanol synthesis. The results of systematic analysis demonstrated that this system leads to not only exergy saving but also less emission of greenhouse gas (GHG). The key technology is to develop a catalyst for BFG of CO_2-CO-H_2 system. Another one is "urban-symbiotic ironworks", where excess outflow energy from ironworks is efficiently employed as a utility for household affairs. The use of latent heat and reaction heat is being planned in this system for thermal energy recovery and transportation. Possible energy recovery processes for the waste heat remaining in the ironmaking industry was reviewed, together with the detailed concept of 'urban-symbiotic ironworks' as an energy supplier. In particular, the use of phase change materials (PCMs) and of hydrogen storage alloy as the new technologies was fundamentally promising.

著者

不破 祐 萬谷 志郎 戸崎 秀男

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.11, 1969-09-10

著者

永井 忠弘 中川 美男 奥野 嘉雄 草野 祥昌

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.11, 1977-09-05

著者

大村 泰三 佐平 健彰 迫ノ岡 晃彦 米沢 登

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.12, pp.1550-1559, 1976-10-01

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Influence of the minor alloy constituents such as Al, Mn and Si on the hot corrosion behavior of Ni-20Cr-20W-0.07C alloy was studied in 99.995% helium gas at 1000℃, comparing with that behavior of commercial Ni-base superalloys (Hastelloy X and Inconel 617). The low oxidizing potential in the impure helium gas usually causes selective oxidation of these elements and the growth of oxide whiskers on the surface of specimen at elevated temperature. The intergranular attack was caused by selective oxidation of Al, Si and Mn. The spalling of oxide film was restrained by addition of Mn and Si, providing tough spinel type oxide film on the surface and 'Keyes' on the oxide-matrix interface respectively. The amount and the morphology of the oxide whiskers depended on Si and Mn content. More than 0.29% of Si content without Mn always caused the growth of rather thinner whiskers with smooth surface, and the whiskers analyzed by electron diffraction patterns and EPMA to be Cr_2O_3 containing Si. Mn addition changed the whiskers to thicker ones of spinel type oxide (MnCr_2O_1) with rough surface. On the basis of these results, the optimum content of Al, Mn and Si to minimize the growth of whiskers, the intergranular attack and the spalling of oxide film was discussed.

著者

熊谷 正人 内村 良治 吉川 文明 河合 隆成

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.4, 1981-03-05

著者

飯田 義治 山本 武美 宮井 直道 朝生 一夫 松野 淳一

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.11, 1978-09-04

著者

清水 正賢 山口 荒太 稲葉 晋一 桑名 昌弘

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.4, 1983-03-01

著者

佐々木 康 石井 邦宜

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.8, pp.419-429, 2002-08

被引用文献数

1

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Molten silicate and aluminosilicate slag structures have been reviewed based on the recent experimental results measured by such as Raman spectroscopy, high temperature NMR, high temperature X ray analysis. The structures of these melts discussed in this review may be summarized as follows : The anionic structure of alkali and alkaline earth oxide-silica binary melts can be considered a mixture of a small number of coexisting anionic units. In terms of stoichiometric expression, these units are described as SiO^<4->_4, Si_2O^<6->_7, SiO^<2->_3, Si_2O^<2->_5 and SiO_2 units. High temperature NMR studies have made it clear that the structures of anionic units are not lasting, but exchange their structures each other very rapidly at high temperature. The structure of aluminosilicate melts is consistent with tetrahedrally coordinated Al^<3+> provided that there is a sufficient supply of metal cations for electrical charge-balance. Electrical charge-balanced alkali aluminosilicate melts consist of three-dimentionally interconnected 6-membered rings of Si and Al tetrahedral units that mix randomly. Electrical charge-balanced alkaline earth aluminosilicate melts probably consist of mixtures of three-dimentionally interconnected rings with no Al^<3+> (six-membered SiO_2-ring), rings with Al/Si=1 (four-membered Al_2Si_2O^<2->_8 rings) and rings with no Si^<4+> (six-membered AlO^<2-> ring). In most Fe bearing silicate melts, ferrous iron is a network modifier (octahedral coordination) while ferric iron works both as a network former (tetrahedral coordination) and as a modifier depended on the slag compositions. Melts along the Na_2SiO_3-NaFeSi_2O_3 (acmite) joins become progressively more polymerized as Fe^<3+> content of the system increases and the end component of acmite melts has a three dimensional network structure.

著者

和佐 泰宏 岡本 陽

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.90, no.11, pp.877-882, 2004-11-01

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An automatic ultrasonic inspection system for crank throws of built-up type crankshaft has been developed. Several kinds of UT-probe for each part of throw are used to detect faults in important area. Probe scanning technology with proper contact force and noise eliminate technology are newly developed, so that the stable inspections for all types of throws are realized.