著者

Mio Masuda Osamu Tomonaga

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.8134-21, (Released:2021-10-12)

参考文献数

44

被引用文献数

1

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Objective The stress brought on by changes in social conditions due to COVID-19 is diverse. However, there have been no studies examining the relationship between the type of stress felt by an individual due to such changes in social conditions and the degree of change in HbA1c, prompting us to conduct this study. Methods We conducted a collaborative study at two diabetes clinics. A total of 1,000 subjects responded to the questionnaire. Data on HbA1c and body weight before and after the declaration of the state of emergency were collected. Results We conducted a questionnaire on some stressors, but when comparing the two groups with respect to whether or not they felt stress from each item, only "school closures for children," seemed to be associated with a significant difference in the amount of change in HbA1c. In the stressed group, i.e. the group of parents who experienced stress due to their children's schools being closed, the HbA1c value changed from 7.30±0.78 to 7.30±1.13 (p=0.985). By contrast, in the unstressed group, the HbA1c value significantly decreased from 7.28±0.98 to 7.06±0.85 (p<0.001). In addition, as a result of comparing the amount of change between the 2 groups, a significant decrease was observed in the unstressed group compared with the stressed group (p=0.032). There was no significant difference in body weight change between the two groups. Conclusion Stress that cannot be avoided by one's own will, such as school closures for children, may affect glycemic control.

著者

Tetsuaki Ban Shin-ichiro Fujiwara Rui Murahashi Hirotomo Nakajima Takashi Ikeda Sae Matsuoka Yumiko Toda Shin-ichiro Kawaguchi Shoko Ito Takashi Nagayama Kento Umino Daisuke Minakata Hirofumi Nakano Kaoru Morita Masahiro Ashizawa Chihiro Yamamoto Kaoru Hatano Kazuya Sato Ken Ohmine Yoshinobu Kanda

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.8184-21, (Released:2021-09-11)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

3

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Objective Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) are widely used in patients with hematologic malignancies. However, the risks of PICC-related complications during chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are not fully understood. Methods We conducted a retrospective review of 128 adult patients with AML who received induction therapy by way of PICC insertion between 2012 and 2019. Results The median duration of PICC insertion was 30 days. The incidence rate of catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) was 2.4% at 30 days, and women were more likely to suffer from CRBSI than men. Local reactions at the insertion site were observed in 56 patients; however, these events did not predict CRBSI. The incidence rates of catheter-related thrombosis (CRT) were 1.6% at 30 days. Obesity put patients at an increased risk for CRT. Unexpected PICC removal occurred in 59 patients, and women were at a higher risk of catheter removal than men. Conclusion Low PICC-related complication rates, possibly associated with high rates of catheter removal, were observed during intensive chemotherapy for AML. Women and obese patients require careful monitoring of their PICC. Procedures to achieve appropriate PICC removal without increasing the complication rate need to be considered.

著者

Goichi Beck Rika Yamashita Chizu Saeki Takuya Ogawa Mikito Shimizu Hideki Mochizuki

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.4601-20, (Released:2020-05-26)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

1

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We herein report a 56-year-old Japanese woman who had been diagnosed with hereditary angioedema. She experienced progressing muscle weakness and pain in the upper and lower extremities. Blood tests revealed a marked increase in creatine kinase levels; however, myositis-specific autoantibodies were not detected. Serum C1-inhibitor activity and C4 levels were low. A muscle biopsy showed mild muscle fiber necrosis and C5b-9 deposition in the endomysial capillary vessel walls and sarcolemma, mimicking necrotizing myopathy. These results suggest that C1-inhibitor deficiency induces myositis-like symptoms through the activation of the complement pathway and deposition of the membrane attack complex in the muscles.

著者

Masaru Suzuki Takuro Shimbo Toshiharu Ikaga Shingo Hori

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.0825-18, (Released:2018-08-24)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

4 11

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Objectives Bath-related sudden cardiac arrests frequently occur in Japan. This study aimed to describe the actual incidence and characteristics of bath-related accidents, including non-fatal events, and to establish the etiology of bath-related sudden cardiac arrest. Methods This prospective cross-sectional observational study was conducted in Tokyo Metropolis and Saga and Yamagata Prefectures between October 2012 and March 2013. Emergency personnel enrolled events in this study when they recognized that activation of the emergency medical system was related to bathing. Surveillance cards were delivered and collected from the emergency personnel and attending physicians. Results In total, 4,593 events were enrolled (1,528 cardiac arrests, 935 survivors in need of help, 1,553 patients with acute illnesses, and 577 patients with injuries) in this study. In the group of survivors in need of help and with acute illness, consciousness disturbance and lethargy without any organic disease were recognized as the main symptoms. Acute coronary syndrome and stroke were infrequently diagnosed. Of the survivors, 30% had a body temperature above 38°C. Their consciousness level significantly correlated with their body temperature. Emergency personnel reported that 79% of sudden cardiac arrests were from victims whose faces were submerged in the tub water, while 18% of survivors had their faces submerged in the tub water. Conclusions This study revealed that accidents, including non-lethal events, frequently occur. The key symptoms were consciousness disturbance and lethargy characterized as a functional disorder and accompanied by an elevated body temperature. Those findings suggest that heat illness during hot water immersion causes drowning.

著者

Tatsuya Aoki Hajime Yamazaki Tadayuki Hashimoto Ryosuke Horitani Shunichi Fukuhara

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.6795-20, (Released:2021-06-19)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

2

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Objective The establishment of a department of general internal medicine (GIM) has been shown to improve the clinical outcomes among patients treated in GIM departments but the effect on practice patterns in other departments remains unclear. We evaluated the association between the establishment of a GIM department and the use of blood cultures, an indicator of quality of care of infectious diseases, in other departments. Methods This study was conducted between 2013 and 2017 in a community hospital which established a new GIM department in 2015, with a mandate to improve the quality of care of the hospital including infectious disease management. The primary outcome was the change in the number of blood culture episodes per calendar month in other departments before and after establishment of the GIM department. The secondary outcome was the change in the blood culture episodes per month, indexed to 1,000 patient-days, during the same time. Using 2015 as the phase-in period, interrupted time series analyses were used to evaluate the change in the outcome variables. Results In departments other than GIM, there were 284 blood cultures prior to the establishment of the GIM department (2013-2014) and 853 afterwards (2016-2017). The number of blood culture episodes in other departments increased by 10.7 (95%CI: 0.39-21.0, p=0.042) per calendar month after the establishment of the GIM department; blood culture episodes / calendar month / 1,000 patient-days increased by 0.55 (95%CI: 0.03-1.07 p=0.037). Conclusion These results indicate that a GIM department in a community hospital can improve the quality of care in other departments.

著者

Hiroshi Okada Keiji Yoshioka

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.19, pp.2113-2116, 2010 (Released:2010-10-01)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

7 9

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A 73-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of persistent fever, headache and fatigue for several weeks. On admission, she was diagnosed as having meningitis due to Mycobacterium intracellulare (M. intracellulare) detected in her cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by polymerase chain reaction. Even though anti-tuberculous therapy improved her CSF findings, her condition was not restored. Brain MRI showed multifocal and asymmetrical increases in T2 signals involving white matter and cortical gray-white junction of cerebral hemispheres, cerebellum and brainstem. Based on the progression of clinical symptoms and radiological features, we diagnosed her illness as acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) associated with meningitis due to M. intracellulare. Steroid therapy dramatically improved her condition. This is the first report of ADEM following meningitis due to M. intracellulare in a non-immunocompromized host.

著者

Yutaro Akiyama Shinichiro Morioka Yuji Wakimoto Akira Kawashima Kohei Kanda Ayako Okuhama Tetsuya Suzuki Yusuke Miyazato Hidetoshi Nomoto Satoshi Ide Takato Nakamoto Keiji Nakamura Masayuki Ota Yuki Moriyama Saho Takaya Kota Yamada Maho Taguchi Erika Sugito Shinji Izuka Kenji Ishiguro Toshiaki Kobayashi Wataru Miyake Shuji Kubota Masahiro Ishikane Noriko Kinoshita Kei Yamamoto Mugen Ujiie Satoshi Kutsuna Kayoko Hayakawa Sho Saito Norio Ohmagari

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.5614-20, (Released:2020-11-02)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

2

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Objective In fever clinics screening coronavirus disease (COVID-19), there could be patients with life-threatening diseases that physicians should not overlook. We exploratorily investigated the final diagnosis among non-COVID-19 hospitalized patients who visited the fever clinic. Methods This was a retrospective, observational, and single-centered study conducted in the National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM), Tokyo, Japan. We conducted a retrospective chart review of patients who visited the fever clinic in the NCGM from 11 March 2020 to 24 April 2020. Patients Patients who met the following clinical criteria visited the fever clinic in the NCGM: (1) body temperature >37.5°C, (2) any symptoms consistent with COVID-19 or (3) referral from local healthcare facilities. In the fever clinic, all patients who met the above criteria had severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 polymerase chain reaction test with nasopharyngeal swab specimens. Patients with severe symptoms or an unstable condition were sent to an outpatient clinic for infectious diseases for further evaluation and treatment. Results Among 1,470 patients who visited the fever clinic, 84 patients were hospitalized, and 45 of them were diagnosed as having COVID-19. Among the remaining 39 non-COVID-19 patients, there were nine patients with life-threatening diseases. The life-threatening diseases included acute heart failure, septic shock, pneumocystis pneumonia, peritonsillar abscess, and necrotizing fasciitis. Conclusion Physicians should evaluate each patient carefully while considering other life-threatening conditions even in such a COVID-19 pandemic era.

著者

Kazuo DAN

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.10, pp.1025-1026, 2005 (Released:2005-11-18)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

44 58 32

著者

Soichiro Suzuki Shotaro Naito Yoshiyuki Numasawa Mizuho Asada Norikazu Shoji Moko Zeniya Daiei Takahashi Hidehiko Sato Soichiro Iimori Naohiro Nomura Eisei Sohara Tomokazu Okado Yasuyoshi Ishiwata Masashi Nagata Tatemitsu Rai Takanori Yokota Shinichi Uchida

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.12, pp.1775-1779, 2019-06-15 (Released:2019-06-15)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

23

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Encephalopathy is a rare side effect of cephalosporin treatment. We herein present a case of encephalopathy induced by ceftriaxone, a third-generation cephalosporin, in a patient with renal failure. An 86-year-old woman on maintenance hemodialysis received ceftriaxone for Helicobacter cinaedi bacteremia. Her mental status deteriorated during antibiotic treatment, and an electroencephalogram revealed triphasic waves predominantly in the frontal area. Her consciousness improved after the discontinuation of the antibiotic due to the suspicion of ceftriaxone-induced encephalopathy. This is the first reported case of encephalopathy associated with high plasma and cerebrospinal fluid ceftriaxone concentrations, and provides significant evidence for a causal relationship between the administration of ceftriaxone and the onset of encephalopathy.

著者

Tomoko Tajiri Chisako Wada Hirotsugu Ohkubo Norihisa Takeda Kensuke Fukumitsu Satoshi Fukuda Yoshihiro Kanemitsu Takehiro Uemura Masaya Takemura Ken Maeno Yutaka Ito Tetsuya Oguri Akio Niimi

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.4746-20, (Released:2020-07-21)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

12

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Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP) is an acute respiratory illness with diffuse pulmonary infiltrates and pulmonary eosinophilia. While the etiology of AEP remains unclear, a relationship between cigarette smoking and AEP onset has been suggested. The use of heated tobacco products (HTPs) has been growing, but the impact of these products on our health is not fully understood. We herein report a case of AEP that developed after switching from conventional cigarette to HTP smoking. The patient's condition improved after the cessation of HTP smoking and corticosteroid treatment initiation. In cases of AEP, physicians should consider HTPs use as a possible cause.

著者

Kazuaki Jindai Yoshiki Kusama Yoshiaki Gu Hitoshi Honda Norio Ohmagari

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.4760-20, (Released:2020-07-21)

参考文献数

66

被引用文献数

3

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The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare has published the Manual of Antimicrobial Stewardship (1st edition) in June 2017 to improve the prescribing practice of antimicrobials for immunocompetent adult and pediatric (both school-aged and older children) patients. Due to the increasing demand for further promoting outpatient antimicrobial stewardship, we conducted a literature and national guideline review to identify the area of need. The results of our review revealed a high antimicrobial prescription rate in the Japanese pediatric population. Furthermore, although the Japanese clinical guidelines/guidance covered the fields of almost all infectious diseases, no system exists to estimate the incidence and treatment patterns of important infectious diseases such as asymptomatic bacteriuria, skin and soft tissue infections, and dental practices in Japan. Therefore, addressing the issues of both establishing surveillance systems and the implementation of guidelines/guidance can be the next step to promote further outpatient antimicrobial stewardship.

著者

Yuki Miyamoto Hiroyuki Ohbe Miho Ishimaru Hiroki Matsui Kiyohide Fushimi Hideo Yasunaga

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.4308-19, (Released:2020-04-23)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

5

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Objective Carbazochrome sodium sulfonate (CSS) has been routinely used to treat bleeding; however, no study has examined the effect of CSS for gastrointestinal bleeding. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of CSS for colonic diverticular bleeding. Methods We performed a nationwide observational study using the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination inpatient database. We identified patients who were admitted for diverticular bleeding from July 2010 to March 2018. Patients who received CSS on the day of admission were defined as the CSS group, and those not receiving CSS were defined as the control group. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes were length of stay, total costs, and blood transfusion within 7 days of admission. Propensity score matching analyses were performed to compare outcomes between the two groups. Results A total of 59,965 patients met our eligibility criteria. Of these, 14,437 (24%) patients received CSS on the day of admission. One-to-one propensity score matching created 14,379 matched pairs. There was no significant difference in the in-hospital mortality between the CSS and control groups (0.6% vs. 0.5%, respectively; odds ratio: 0.96; 95% confidence interval: 0.72-1.29). The length of stay was longer in the CSS group than in the control group (11.4 vs. 11.0 days, respectively; difference: 0.44; 95% confidence interval: 0.14-0.73). There were no significant differences in the total costs or the proportion of patients receiving blood transfusion between the groups. Conclusions CSS may not reduce in-hospital mortality, length of stay, total costs, or the need for blood transfusion in patients with colonic diverticular bleeding.

著者

Yuki Baba Seiji Kawano Yoshiyasu Kono Toshihiro Inokuchi Hiromitsu Kanzaki Masaya Iwamuro Keita Harada Sakiko Hiraoka Yoshiro Kawahara Hiroyuki Okada

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.3628-19, (Released:2020-02-05)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

12

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Objective With the advent of capsule endoscopy (CE) and double-balloon endoscopy (DBE), the diagnosis and treatment of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB) have markedly progressed. However, rebleeding sometimes occurs and is difficult to diagnose and treat. The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical features of OGIB and risk factors for rebleeding in our hospital. Methods A total of 195 patients who underwent CE and/or DBE for OGIB in our hospital from January 2009 to July 2016 were included in the present study. We analyzed 168 cases of small intestinal OGIB, after excluding 27 cases of extra small intestinal bleeding. The clinical characteristics and risk factors related to rebleeding were retrospectively studied. Results Among the 168 patients who were included in the analysis, 95 patients (56.5%) were male. The mean age was 64.5 years (range, 8 to 87 years). Hypertension (31.0%) was the most frequent comorbidity, followed by chronic kidney disease (19.0%). The final diagnoses were ulcerative lesions (n=50, 29.8%), vascular lesions (n=30, 17.9%), tumors (n=7, 4.2%), and diverticula (n=2, 1.2%). The bleeding source was undetermined in the remaining 79 cases (47.0%). Rebleeding was confirmed in 29 cases (17.3%). In a univariate analysis, chronic kidney disease, vascular lesions, and overt previous bleeding were significantly associated with the risk of rebleeding. A multivariate analysis showed that chronic kidney disease, vascular lesion, and overt previous bleeding were significantly associated with the risk of rebleeding. Conclusion Patients with OGIB with overt previous bleeding, vascular lesions, and/or chronic kidney disease had a higher risk of rebleeding.

著者

Yasuharu Tokuda Seishirou Miyagi

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.23, pp.1885-1891, 2007 (Released:2007-12-03)

参考文献数

57

被引用文献数

2 8

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Among the various diagnostic strategies of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), physical diagnosis is the quickest and requires no extra cost. Rapid physical diagnosis of COPD in primary care practice can lead to earlier actions of preventive measures and counseling for patients. Further, rapid physical diagnosis of COPD in an emergency department is also crucial for timely use of potentially lifesaving therapy specific for COPD patients. In this review, we will present a broad scope of physical findings for rapid physical diagnosis of COPD.

著者

Angel Torralba-Morón Maria Urbanowicz Carolina Ibarrola-De Andres Guadalupe Lopez-Alonso Francisco Colina-Ruizdelgado Juan-Manuel Guerra-Vales

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.18, pp.2595-2599, 2016-09-15 (Released:2016-09-15)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

4 9

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Endometriosis is a quite common pathology, however, intestinal endometriosis is a rare condition, which typically occurs with chronic symptoms. Its acute presentation is very infrequent. We herein report four cases of intestinal endometriosis, in which the clinical debut occurred acutely: two as an acute small bowel obstruction and two as a small bowel perforation. None of the cases had a preoperative diagnosis of endometriosis. The interest of these cases lies in this exceptional form of presentation, such as a surgical acute abdomen. Therefore, intestinal endometriosis should be taken into account in the differential diagnosis of an acute obstructive or perforative process of the small or large bowel.

著者

Shohei Yoshida Hayato Tada Tetsuo Nishikawa Tamami Nakagawa-Kamiya Takuya Nakahashi Kenji Sakai Kenji Sakata Masa-aki Kawashiri Masahito Yamada Masayuki Takamura

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.3870-19, (Released:2019-12-26)

参考文献数

11

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Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is widely accepted as the treatment for patient with severe aortic stenosis (AS) whose prognosis may be over one year; however, there is no consensus concerning extremely high-risk patients whose prognosis may not exceed one year. We herein report a highly frail patient with severe AS complicated with transthyretin-type cardiac amyloidosis who had a very poor prognosis. Given his condition, we treated him by percutaneous antegrade balloon aortic valvuloplasty (A-BAV) instead of TAVI. A-BAV may be a beneficial option for treating extremely high-risk severe AS patients, including those with cardiac amyloidosis.

著者

Hideharu Hagiya Ryohei Kokado Akiko Ueda Hideo Okuno Daiichi Morii Shigeto Hamaguchi Norihisa Yamamoto Hisao Yoshida Kazunori Tomono

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.18, pp.2621-2625, 2019-09-15 (Released:2019-09-15)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

1 25

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Objective The importance of antimicrobial stewardship is increasingly highlighted in this age of antimicrobial resistance. A better comprehension of adverse drug events (ADEs) can promote the appropriate use of antibiotics. We aimed to quantify the incidence of ADEs associated with broad-spectrum systemic antibiotics in a hospital setting. Methods We conducted a six-month prospective, observational study at Osaka University Hospital to describe the incidence of ADEs in patients hospitalized in general wards undergoing treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics [carbapenems, piperacillin/tazobactam (PIPC/TAZ), and anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus agents]. The occurrence of ADE was defined as any cardiac, gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary, renal, neurologic, hematologic, dermatologic, or musculoskeletal manifestation after 48 hours or more of systemic antibiotic therapy. Results The 3 most frequently prescribed antibiotics were PIPC/TAZ (242 cases), meropenem (181 cases), and vancomycin (92 cases). Of 689 patients, 118 (17.1%) experienced ADEs, including gastrointestinal (6.4%), hepatobiliary (4.2%), dermatologic (2.5%), and renal (2.3%) manifestations. Patients treated with PIPC/TAZ, meropenem, doripenem, vancomycin, daptomycin, and teicoplanin developed ADEs at rates of 20.7%, 16.0%, 15.4%, 19.6%, 11.8%, and 10.9%, respectively. Conclusion Our study provides a quantitative value for the incidence of ADEs associated with broad-spectrum antibiotics in clinical practice. To optimize patient safety, clinicians need to be aware of the risks associated with antibiotic administration.

著者

Keisuke Kamada Takeshi Matsuda Satoshi Konno Hideaki Oka

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.3698-19, (Released:2019-12-13)

被引用文献数

2

著者

Satoshi Kutsuna Norio Ohmagari

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.15, pp.1727, 2014 (Released:2014-08-01)

参考文献数

1

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

Masaki Ohya Yuko Iwashita Satoko Kunimoto Shuto Yamamoto Toru Mima Shigeo Negi Takashi Shigematsu

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.18, pp.2595-2603, 2019-09-15 (Released:2019-09-15)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

7

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Objective This follow-up survey report describes medication adherence and patient preferences, beliefs, and expectations of maintenance hemodialysis treatment in Japan. Methods This patient-reported questionnaire-based survey was conducted in six regions in Japan from September 2016 to November 2016. Patients The questionnaire was provided to 700 patients (50-79 years old) on maintenance hemodialysis for >3 years who were members of the Japan Association of Kidney Disease Patients. Patients were randomly selected by a stratified sampling method based on patient distribution observed from the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy Renal Data Registry. Results A total of 524 (74.9%) complete patient questionnaires were evaluated; the mean (SD) age was 66.6 (7.2) years (men, 63.4%) with a dialysis vintage of 16.9 (9.1) years. Adherence was high for all types of medications: between 76.7% for phosphate binders and 95.7% for antidiabetic medications. The most common reason for a missed dose was forgetting to take medication [52.5% (117/223)]. Patient preference for oral medication was as low as 0.9% (1/110), 9% (31/345), and 2.9% (2/69) for patients who felt mental burden, felt no mental burden, and neither, respectively, with their current treatment regimen. In addition, 37.8% (198/524) of patients responded that the elimination of 1 medication (1 tablet) would reduce their mental burden. Conclusion The results of this survey show that overall medication adherence is high in Japanese patients on maintenance hemodialysis. While many patients perceive an absence of mental burden, they still prefer to avoid oral medication when possible.