著者
信岡 沙希重 樋口 貴俊 中田 大貴 小川 哲也 加藤 孝基 中川 剣人 土江 寛裕 礒 繁雄 彼末 一之
出版者
一般社団法人 日本体育・スポーツ・健康学会
雑誌
体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.60, no.2, pp.497-510, 2015 (Released:2015-12-18)
参考文献数
36
被引用文献数
5 4

The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between maximal running speed, step frequency, step frequency index, step length, step length index, foot contact time, and aerial time during sprinting in elementary school children. The participants were 335 girls and 352 boys (age: 6 to 12 years) who ran a 50-m sprint race as part of their school fitness test in 2013. Their maximal running speed, step frequency, and step length were calculated from images captured by video cameras (60 frames/second) located at the sides of the lanes. Contact time and aerial time over the distance from 20 m to 30 m were calculated from images captured by high-speed video cameras (300 frames/second) located at the side of the 25-m mark for the lanes. Two-way ANOVA with the Games-Howell procedure was used to test differences among all grades. Two-way ANCOVA was used to test interaction and the main effect of gender and grade on maximal running speed. The Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient (r) and partial correlation coefficient (pr) were calculated to analyze the relationship between maximal running speed, step frequency, stride length, foot contact time, and aerial time. Step length (which was strongly correlated with maximal running speed) showed a strong partial correlation (controlled for age) with maximal running speed. Therefore, it is suggested that step length contributes to not only the increase in running speed with growth, but also individual differences in running speed among the children at the same age. There were slight tendencies for step frequency and foot contact time to increase with growth. However, these factors showed a significant partial correlation (controlled for age) with running speed. Therefore, it was suggested that these factors contribute to individual differences in running speed. The absence of a negative impact of a shorter foot contact time on stride length suggests that the running performance of school children could be improved by decreasing their foot contact time. In order to establish effective methods for augmenting the development of running ability in children, it will be necessary to consider foot contact time and aerial time in addition to step frequency and step length.
著者
中田 大貴 芝﨑 学
出版者
日本生気象学会
雑誌
日本生気象学会雑誌 (ISSN:03891313)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.56, no.1, pp.3-11, 2019-06-01 (Released:2019-10-17)
参考文献数
52

環境ストレスは生体機能に様々な変化をもたらし、心理学的な要因にも作用する。シビアな高体温や低酸素刺激は認知機能の低下をもたらすことがある。心理学的に認知機能を評価する方法は様々あるが、本稿では脳からの生体信号から認知機能を評価する方法について特化して解説したい。認知機能を変化させる手法を紹介するとともに、環境ストレスによってもたらされる高体温と低酸素が認知機能へどのように影響を与えるかを紹介したい。
著者
小川 真奈 藤原 素子 中田 大貴
出版者
一般社団法人 日本体育学会
雑誌
日本体育学会大会予稿集
巻号頁・発行日
vol.68, pp.158_1, 2017

<p> 本研究では、フリースローの正確さに影響を及ぼす要因を明らかにするために、キネマティクス的要因と身体特性的要因について複合的に検討を行うことを目的とした。バスケットボール経験のある女子大学生16名を対象とし、フリースロー20本を行った。被験者の右半身に動作マーカーを貼付し、被験者の右側方からハイスピードカメラ(300fps)でシュート動作全体を撮影した。撮影した映像から、動作時間と右半身5部位(肘関節、肩関節、股関節、膝関節、足関節)の関節角度および角速度を算出した。また、被験者の身体計測および体力測定を別日に行った。結果、キネマティクス的要因について、股関節、膝関節、足関節において、シュートの正確性とボールリリース時の角速度の平均値および標準偏差(ばらつき)との間にそれぞれ有意な正の相関がみられた。身体特性的要因については、全ての項目においてシュートの正確性との間に有意な相関がみられなかった。これらの結果から、被験者が持つ身体的特性よりも、実際に行う際の動作自体がフリースローの正確性に影響を与えており、特に下肢の関節運動がフリースローの正確さに影響を及ぼしていることが示唆された。</p>
著者
橋本 泰裕 中田 大貴
出版者
日本体育測定評価学会
雑誌
体育測定評価研究 (ISSN:13471309)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.18, pp.71-76, 2019-03-31 (Released:2019-04-22)
参考文献数
12

To evaluate the excitement caused by baseball plays, we examined the relationships among the audience's cheering volume, changes in win probability, and events such as achieving a hit during a professional baseball game. The total number of events and mean cheering volume throughout the game were 70 and 86.99 (± 6.35) dB, respectively. There was a significant correlation between the cheering volume and win probability. On comparing the former among events, the volume was significantly higher when achieving hits compared with outs or walk/hits by pitch. It was also significantly higher when there were runners in a scoring position than when there were no such runners. Based on the results, the audience may become more excited when win probability markedly changes, there is a hit, or there are runners in a scoring position.