著者
宮崎 大 久保田 哲史 林下 浩士 鍜冶 有登 小林 大祐 吉村 昭毅 和田 啓爾
出版者
一般社団法人 日本救急医学会
雑誌
日本救急医学会雑誌 (ISSN:0915924X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.21, no.12, pp.956-960, 2010-12-15 (Released:2011-02-09)
参考文献数
15
被引用文献数
1 3

症例は41歳,女性。既往歴特記事項なし。銀杏60個を摂食し,4時間後から嘔気,嘔吐,下痢,めまい,両上肢の振戦,悪寒が出現した。6時間後救急要請,当院に搬送となった。来院時呼吸数30/min,脈拍94/min(整),血圧152/90mmHg,SpO2 99%(室内気)と安定しており,意識も清明であった。血液検査では白血球増多,呼吸性アシドーシス,軽度の乳酸値の上昇が認められた。頭部CTでは明らかな異常所見はみられなかった。銀杏中毒と診断し,pyridoxal phosphate(PLP)400mg(8mg/kg)を経口投与し,症状は改善した。入院,経過観察としたが,症状の悪化はなく,第2病日に退院となった。後日,来院時の血清4-O-methylpyridoxine(MPN)濃度は339ng/mlと高値であることが判明した。銀杏中毒は栄養状態の不良な前後に頻発していたが,最近では減少している。原因物質としてMPNが証明されており,中枢神経でビタミンB6(Vit B6)と拮抗して作用し,痙攣を起こすことが推測されている。本症例では痙攣は発症していないが,PLP投与により症状は軽快した。銀杏中毒に対してはPLPを速やかに投与すべきである。
著者
和田 啓爾
出版者
日本生薬学会
雑誌
生薬學雜誌 (ISSN:13403443)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.50, no.3, pp.195-203, 1996-06-20

From edible and medicinal plants, several active principles that affected the metabolizing enzyme systems were isolated. A toxic substance, 4-0-methylpyridoxine (MPN), responsible for "gin-nan food poisoning" was isolated from the seeds of Ginkgo biloba L. (Ginkgoaceae). MPN causes food poisoning through not only antagonizing vitamin B_6 (in the body) but also inhibiting the formation of 4-aminobutanoic acid (GABA) from glutamate in the brain. The MPN levels in the sera of the patients with gin-nan food poisoning may be determined by HPLC, which may be used for chemical diagnosis of gin-nan food poisoning. Two characteristic terpenoids, bilobalide and ginkgolide A in G. biloba, shortened the anesthetics (hexobarbital and urethane, i.p.) induced sleeping time in mice. Bilobalide has an anticonvulsant effect, especially on the MPN-induced convulsions. Those effects are considered to be due to induction of the hepatic drug metabolizing enzyme (cytochrome P450), by repeated oral administration of bilobalide. Several limonoids from the citrus plants shortened the sleeping time induced in mice by urethane, and induced the liver glutathione S-transferase (GST) in mice. The relationship between the structures and the effects of limonoids on both sleeping time and induction of liver GST was discussed. Columbin from columbo root and β-caryophyllene and α-humulene from Pinus densiflora also affected the sleeping time induced in mice by anesthetics. Their effects on hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes were also studied.
著者
和田 啓爾 石垣 静香 上田 かおり 阪田 正勝 羽賀 正信
出版者
公益社団法人日本薬学会
雑誌
Chem Pharm Bull. (ISSN:00092363)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.33, pp.3555-3557, 1985
被引用文献数
2

An antivitamin B_6,4'-methoxypyridoxine (1) was isolated from the seed of Ginkgo biloba L. (Ginkgoaceae). The albumen of the seed of G. biloba L., which is called "Gin-nan or Ginkyo", is used as a crude drug in China and as food in Japan. However, in Japan, there have been about 70 reports of "Gin-nan sitotoxism." In this paper, we report that the substance responsible for this sitotoxism is 4'-methoxypyridoxine (1), which is known to have antivitamin B_6 activities. This compound (1) is reported for the first time from natural products.