8 0 0 0 OA 政治過程におけるオンラインニュースの効果
- 著者
- 宮田 加久子 安野 智子 市川 芳治
- 出版者
- 日本社会心理学会
- 雑誌
- 社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.30, no.1, pp.21-34, 2014-08-18 (Released:2015-06-06)
- 参考文献数
- 43
- 被引用文献数
- 2
How do the news media stimulate political deliberation, political interest, and political knowledge? To compare the effects of online news with those of the traditional news media, we collected three types of data: a web-based survey, diary logs of mass media use, and access logs to news sites. The results showed that exposure to news media reinforced political interest and political deliberation. Online news use, however, facilitated only online deliberation, while exposure to TV and newspapers stimulated face-to-face conversation. In addition, online and TV news use had a direct effect on political knowledge. The results also showed that political conversation with the family had a direct effect on interest in politics and political knowledge, while political conversation with friends had a positive impact only on political interest. The implications of the findings were discussed in terms of how occasional political communication narrows the gap between the politically sophisticated and the less sophisticated.
7 0 0 0 OA 政治過程におけるオンラインニュースの効果 : 政治的知識に及ぼす直接的・間接的効果
- 著者
- 宮田 加久子 安野 智子 市川 芳治
- 出版者
- 日本社会心理学会
- 雑誌
- 社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.30, no.1, pp.21-34, 2014-08-18
- 被引用文献数
- 2
How do the news media stimulate political deliberation, political interest, and political knowledge? To compare the effects of online news with those of the traditional news media, we collected three types of data: a web-based survey, diary logs of mass media use, and access logs to news sites. The results showed that exposure to news media reinforced political interest and political deliberation. Online news use, however, facilitated only online deliberation, while exposure to TV and newspapers stimulated face-to-face conversation. In addition, online and TV news use had a direct effect on political knowledge. The results also showed that political conversation with the family had a direct effect on interest in politics and political knowledge, while political conversation with friends had a positive impact only on political interest. The implications of the findings were discussed in terms of how occasional political communication narrows the gap between the politically sophisticated and the less sophisticated.
Nowak & Latane (1994) conducted computer simulation of adaptive agent bound to network structure and found "consolidation" and "clustering". They claimed minority could remain in the system by clustering. They ignored, however, people living in modern society have global information about the system they live in. What will be changed, or not changed, when all agents in Latane et al.'s simulation have global information about the system and adapt to it? Our study examined this point by adding the "fifth agent" as the "generalized other", which represented global information about the ratio of minority and majority, to Latane et al.'s simulation. We found clustering appear only when the majority initially dominated the system in number. And we also found that the system stay chaotic under the condition that minority initially occupied considerable area of the system. These findings imply that homogeneous global information promotes not homogeneous but heterogeneous society.
2 0 0 0 沈黙の螺旋理論の展開(<特集>パワフル・メディア論再考)
- 著者
- 安野 智子
- 出版者
- 日本マス・コミュニケーション学会
- 雑誌
- マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.60, pp.44-61,203, 2002
The spiral of silence theory is known as one of the most influential public opinion theories but it has not been verified well. Though a meta-analysis reported the small but significant relationship between subjective pervasiveness of respondents' opinion and the willingness to express their opinions (Glynn et al., 1997), findings are inconsistent. One of the main reasons of inconsistency is, as many researchers have pointed out, the difficulty in manipulation of theoretical assumptions. Reexamining main assumptions of the theory and findings of the spiral of silence studies, the author suggests that further investigation of the hardcore is required from the point of view of social networks.
2 0 0 0 対人的ネットワークが世論過程と政治的寛容性にもたらす影響
本研究では、異なる意見を持つ人とのコミュニケーションが、政治的寛容性に及ぼす効果を検証するため、郵送式スノーボール調査(無作為抽出によって選ばれた対象者に調査票を郵送し、さらに対象者が「日頃よく話す相手」として3人まで言及された人たちに、類似の調査票を対象者から直接送付してもらう調査)を行った。多摩市有権者800名を対象に調査を行い、本人票237回収率29.6%),他者票284票の回答を得た。政治的寛容性に関する項目のうち、「異なる価値観の人を寛容に受け入れるべきだと思うか」という問いに関する回答(「そう思う」〜「そうは思わない」の5段階、ただし対象者で「そうは思わない」という回答が存在しなかったため、実際には4値)の規定要因を検討した。その結果、他者票の回収数をコントロールしても、現実に異なる意見を持つ人とコミュニケーションを取ることが、政治的寛容性を高めるという知見が得られた。また、メディア接触(新聞・テレビ)は政治的寛容性に負の効果を持っていた。年齢と性別については先行研究と逆の結果(女性のほうが、また年齢が高い方が寛容)が得られているが、年齢については寛容性と線形の関係ではなかったこれらの結果は、International Political Science Association(IPSA)2006年度福岡大会、および日本社会心理学会第47回大会(東北大学)にて報告された。今後、加筆訂正の上、論文として学術雑誌に投稿の予定である。
1 0 0 0 OA メディアの影響力の認知は世論形成を媒介するか
- 著者
- 安野 智子
- 出版者
- Japanese Association of Electoral Studies
- 雑誌
- 選挙研究 (ISSN:09123512)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.11, pp.46-60,145, 1996-03-31 (Released:2009-01-22)
- 参考文献数
- 29
- 被引用文献数
- 1
This study investigates the process model of public opinion formation mediated by perceived media impact. Davison (1983) coined the the term “third-person effect”: i. e., individuals tend to perceive a stronger impact of media message persuasiveness on others rather than on themselves. Several studies, the reafter, found the evidence of this tendency to overestimate the media's impact on others as compared with the self (Perloff, 1993, for a review). Davison also proposed that individulals are inclined to cope with perceived others' attitude change as a consequence of the media's impact, i. e., people change their own attitude or behavior in response to the perceived others' change, which means that they themselves are influenced by media messages in question (the third-person effect hypothesis). This hypothesis suggests that perception of media's impact mediates the actual impact.The third-person effect is related to several social psychological phenomena. First, the notion of self-other distinction (perceived discrepancy between self and others) is relevant to “fundamental attribution error” (e. g., Ross, 1977). Second, “pluralistic ignorance”, which means misperception of social distribution of opinion, is related to the perceived discrepancy. Third, the idea that people's expectations are the key to their actual behaviors is substantially paralleled to the argument of “spiral of silence” hypothesis (Noelle-Neumann, 1984). The hypothesis suggests that those who perceive themselves as minority hold their tongues in fear of expected isolation.Relating to these phenomena, the present author proposed the process model of public opinion formation through the third-person effect as follows; The greater the perceived third-person effect is, the larger the discrepancy between one's own opinion and expected public opinion will be (Hypothesis 1). Also, as the discrepancy increases, the perceivers will change their attitudes or behaviors all the more (Hypothesis 2).These hypotheses were confirmed by the author's two studies. n study 1, the third-person effect was correlated with the expectation of discrepancy between one's own opinion and public opinion. Study 2 showed that the third-person effect facilitated the intention to speak out, which was not predicted by the spiral of silence hypothesis.
1 0 0 0 2013年参議院議員選挙における資産効果
- 著者
- 安野 智子
- 出版者
- 日本選挙学会
- 雑誌
- 選挙研究 (ISSN:09123512)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.31, no.1, pp.84-101, 2015
近年,日本でも,富裕層と貧困層の経済的格差の広がりが問題視されるようになっている。経済格差の議論で特に問題とされるのは,所得格差よりも資産の格差である。資産は次世代に受け継がれることによって格差の定着・拡大を招くからである。政治参加に関する海外の先行研究では,所得や学歴,人種などによって政治参加や投票行動の程度が異なることが見いだされており,経済的格差の拡大が民主主義を損なう可能性が指摘されている。しかし日本における従来の研究では,社会経済的地位と投票参加との関連ははっきりしなかった。本稿では,2013年の参院選時に行われたCSES調査のデータを用いて,資産状況が投票行動に及ぼす影響を検討した。その結果,株・債券という資産の所持が投票参加に,また,住宅の所有が安倍内閣支持に,それぞれ正の効果を持っているという知見が得られた。
1 0 0 0 OA 沈黙の螺旋理論の展開(<特集>パワフル・メディア論再考)
- 著者
- 安野 智子
- 出版者
- 日本マス・コミュニケーション学会
- 雑誌
- マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.60, pp.44-61,203, 2002-01-31 (Released:2017-10-06)
- 被引用文献数
- 1
The spiral of silence theory is known as one of the most influential public opinion theories but it has not been verified well. Though a meta-analysis reported the small but significant relationship between subjective pervasiveness of respondents' opinion and the willingness to express their opinions (Glynn et al., 1997), findings are inconsistent. One of the main reasons of inconsistency is, as many researchers have pointed out, the difficulty in manipulation of theoretical assumptions. Reexamining main assumptions of the theory and findings of the spiral of silence studies, the author suggests that further investigation of the hardcore is required from the point of view of social networks.
- 著者
- 安野 智子
- 出版者
- 大阪商業大学
- 雑誌
- JGSSで見た日本人の意識と行動 : 日本版General Social Surveys研究論文集 (ISSN:13498436)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.5, pp.pp.71-82, 2006-03-31