著者

太田 美奈子

出版者

日本メディア学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.92, pp.165-182, 2018-01-31 (Released:2018-05-10)

参考文献数

25

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This paper examines the reception of early television in rural Japan throughSai village in the Aomori prefecture. While the first television station in Aomoriwas founded in 1959, most Aomori residents had previously accessed the televisionsignal from NHK Hakodate( Hokkaido), established in 1957. The small fishingvillage, Sai village, had the highest television penetration rate in Aomori atthat time and was known as a ‘TV village’. Why did the people of Sai villagewant television? What effect did this desire have? This paper aims to answerthese questions by tracing the evolution from the first arrival of television inSai village in 1957 to the wide spread availability of television in Aomori in1959. Interviews and archival documents show that educational motivations, andspecifically the desire to show the outside world to the children, were fundamental to their choices. Through television education in school, the children’seducation flourished and developed into television reception that went beyondeducational purposes. Matsunoyama village in Niigata prefecture also had asimilar television reception as Sai village. Sai village represents a key point ofreference for television reception in rural Japan in that its remoteness preservedtelevision’s function as an educational visual aid. This paper goes beyondthe urban-centred narratives about early television reception by accounting forthe fact that villagers saw a potential for television beyond leisure in education,and by exploring how the affirmation of television as leisure also opened upchildren to outside worlds. The children’s reactions were in line with a McLuhan-esque view of televisionand what happened in Sai village points to the key potentials of television.This paper shows how rural areas had a rich television reception during theearly days of television. In addition, this paper represents the first stepstowards understanding an era in which television reception forms were stillmixed.

著者

伊藤 昌亮

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, pp.91-110, 2005

被引用文献数

1

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This paper applies a performative view, not a communicative view, to thelargest online community in Japan, Channel 2 by analyzing its typical collectiveaction called Yoshinoya Festival, from both aspects of its online communicationsand offline events. Behaviors in online communications are analyzed quantitativelybased on the methodology of CMC studies, and those in offline events areanalyzed qualitatively based on that of cultural anthropology. Then the problematiccharacteristics in Channel 2 are discussed.

著者

伊藤 昌亮

出版者

日本メディア学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, pp.91-110, 2005-01-31 (Released:2017-10-06)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

1

---

This paper applies a performative view, not a communicative view, to the largest online community in Japan, Channel 2 by analyzing its typical collective action called Yoshinoya Festival, from both aspects of its online communications and offline events. Behaviors in online communications are analyzed quantitatively based on the methodology of CMC studies, and those in offline events are analyzed qualitatively based on that of cultural anthropology. Then the problematic characteristics in Channel 2 are discussed.

著者

細貝 亮

出版者

日本メディア学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, pp.225-242, 2010-07-31 (Released:2017-10-06)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

1

---

Some of recent media studies pointed out the increasing of media effect in politics and public opinion. In what meaning, why and how has the media effect increased? The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the time-varying effect of media coverage on the cabinet approval rate by analyzing aggregate time-series data. I examine two hypotheses about factors that increased the media effect on the cabinet support rate in Japan. Hypotheses I; the growth of floating voter, what is called on "mutouha", who are sensitive to political information made the media effect increase. Hypotheses II; Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi who used media for getting support of electorate make the media effect increase, what we call "the Koizumi effect". In examining the relation between the media coverage and the change of the cabinet support rate, I introduced "the sentence-final modality" model as the new method of the contents analysis. The method is used for specifying positive/negative information about prime minister or cabinet in editorials of newspapers and converting its information into positive/negative score. In addition, I adopt the recursive regression method for analyzing time-varying effect of media. I can acquire three findings. First, the positive/negative evaluations in media coverage make a clear effect on the cabinet support rate. Second, the media effect has been significant after 1993 when floating voter grew rapidly. Third, "the Koizumi effect" is not able to confirm in this analysis.

著者

細貝 亮

出版者

日本メディア学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.94, pp.13-22, 2019-01-31 (Released:2019-06-06)

参考文献数

18

---

In 2016, media outlets began conducting dual-frame random digit dialing(RDD) surveys that sample mobile phone numbers in addition to the traditionaltargets with landline phone numbers. The resulting greater outreach to hitherto underrepresented youths and mobile-only users has improved the credibilityof polls. Still, new challenges have been identified with surveys targetingmobile phone users. Examples include a predominant share of males amongrespondents and the difficulty in ensuring validity of survey caused by inconsistencywith methods used for surveys that target only landline phone users.Unfortunately, there are no promising alternatives for opinion polling in caseRDD surveys grow difficult. Worse still, failures in predicting election resultsand mistrust of the media have dampened confidence in polls. Going forward,pollsters must gain people’s trust regarding opinion polls by properly explaininghow they are supposed to be conducted.

著者

原田 正純 高峰 武 村上 雅道 小林 直毅 大野 哲夫 山本 武利 大石 裕

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, pp.1-52, 2007-07-30 (Released:2017-10-06)

著者

佐藤 正晴

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, pp.157-170,221-22, 1995-01-31 (Released:2017-10-06)

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In this paper, the author described the development of propaganda for Afro-Americans after the outbreak of the Pacific War, from the viewpoint of Japanese foreign propaganda policies, and the relations with broadcasting of"Hinomaru Hour"in Japanese shortwave. This paper consists of three chapters. In chapter I, the author explained concerns about propaganda for Afro-Americans by the Foreign Office, particularly the information in 1942, on the press. Above all, the racial problem in America is the main theme in Japanese propaganda for Afro-Americans such as their states in the army and their riot in 1943. In chapter II, the author explained that propaganda for Afro-Americans was planned to arouse public opinions in America, "Negroes Strategy in Wartime", proposed by Hikita, the foreign officer, indicates the utility of Afro-Americans as prisoners in wartime. that almost coincided with foreign propaganda policy. Secondy, Japanese propaganda for Afro-Americans has some contradictions. The Japanese propaganda mentioned generality on the one hand, while mentioning particularism on the other. Essentially, racial equality and humanism were advocated in generality, while Japanese spirits, Japanese culture and Japanese jutice were stressed in particularism. In chapter III, the author explained that the realities and the effect of shortwave for Afro-Americans. The Japanese military carried out"Hinomaru Hour"made by prisoners for Afro-Americans. The message was adressed to their families by prisoners of War. In 1944, the program was reorganized as"Humanity Calls"and"Postman Calls"which ended in failure in military interference. Hence, the author chracterized propaganda for Afro-Americans as one of the foreign propaganda policies in wartime Japan. The contradictions of propaganda for Afro-Americans is symbolic of all all of Japanese foreign propaganda.

著者

團 康晃

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, pp.205-224, 2014

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Inoue (1998) pointed out differences in the reading experiences of manga between men and women. In this paper, I develop Inoue's findings by analyzing two surveys. Firstly, I present data from a "school library survey," and report the following. For instance, as boys and girls grow older, boys stop reading the monthly comic magazines, such as "Corocoro-comic," that they read in elementary school, and start reading weekly comics, such as "Shonen Jump," in junior high school. In contrast, girls change from reading the monthly girls' comic magazines, such as "Ribon," that they read in elementary school, and start reading monthly fashion magazines, such as "Seventeen," in junior high school. Secondly, a questionnaire survey on youth culture and communication was conducted in 2010 that targeted young people in Nerima-ku in Tokyo. The aim of the survey was to identify youth opinions and behavior in relation to hobbies and culture. Some of the findings in the analysis concern comics. In terms of the media, although men and women mainly read comics as collected volumes, men tend to read magazines while women do not. In terms of reading volume, men read an average of 4.8 collected volumes and 2.8 magazines per month, while women read an average of 4 collected volumes and 0.7 magazines. Additionally, it was found that there is a positive correlation between how frequently women read comics as collected volumes or magazines, and how frequently they discuss comics, go to manga stores with friends, and make friends through such discussions about comics. This correlation was not seen in the men. The survey results suggest that the culture of reading comics may be dominated by men, while for women, it is more of a subculture. It is rare for women to read comics; therefore, reading comics becomes a resource for communication.

著者

中田 崇

出版者

日本メディア学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, pp.61-77, 2008-07-31 (Released:2017-10-06)

参考文献数

43

---

The purpose of this Article is to analyze the above subject by the KMT's archives and Propagandist's autobiography. After the "Anti-Japan Sensation by Shanghai Baby", the International Publicity Department used photographs as the propaganda media to the U.S. The International Publicity Department, at first, selected pictures among the ones gathered and, sent to the U.S. media through the foreign agents. Later, they made original photographs and distributed to the U.S media in the name of photo agency. These pictures were recognized as the witness of history.

著者

宮武 実知子

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, pp.157-175, 2007-01-30 (Released:2017-10-06)

参考文献数

29

---

"The Seven Professors affair" is famous as the pro-war movement of Tokyo university professors before the Russo-Japanese War. Their movement is likely to be criticized as irresponsible and silly. However the overview of the affair and their intention are not well known. In this paper, to explain the background and the overview of the affair, I will examine the public opinion to the affair, through newspaper and magazine articles at that time as well as reminiscences of those who involved. Their movement came to the first case of consumption of the intellectuals in Japan.

著者

山森 宙史

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, pp.153-172, 2013

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This study aims to reexamine the historical perceptions of the Japanese comic book medium, particularly the "magazine culture" which began in the late I960s, by tracing the historical process of creating "Shinshoban comics" during the 1960s and 1970s. Prior historical studies of postwar manga have not fully examined manga comic magazines, and manga has usually been defined as one type of comic magazine, not as its own independent form of media. Accordingly, in this article, I focus on the "Shinshoban comics" that predated present-day manga comics in order to understand the transformations in the comic industry during the late 1960s and early 1970s. Unlike the manga comics of today, due to the lack of modern industry and marketing systems, Shinshoban comics were very marginalized and crossed over various manga publishing borders. However, as series of Shinshoban comics based on particular comic magazines became the dominant publication style of manga comics, they were gradually perceived to be one type of comic magazine in the comic industry. Moreover, in the political and cultural climate of that time, the publication of some Shinshoban comics was delayed while others were screened out. Some of the works filtered out of the major public companies were published by small publishers as well as Kashihon publishers, which published for book-lending shops. As a result, though Shinshoban comics were subsumed by the comic publishing industry as a part of magazine culture, they were also relatively independent and established themselves as an original publishing medium. Therefore, an investigation of the historical process of creating Shinshoban comics clarifies that the industrialization centering around comic magazines produced by the major publishers beginning in the late 1960s contained within it a complexity that gave rise to an "independent" or "derivative" media culture.

著者

中村 功

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, pp.186-201, 1999-07-31 (Released:2017-10-06)

著者

池上 賢

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

no.75, pp.149-167, 2009-07-31

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The purpose of this study is to analyze how audiences tells and give meanings to experiences of manga including "Weekly Shonen Jump", which was the most famous manga magazine in Japan in the 1980s through the early 1990s. I focused on the master narrative which would become the frame of experience. For the method I was analyzed life-story interview data of five informants and their manga experiences. As a result, it was revealed that the reflexivity in which social discourses about media play an important roll in relationship between audience and media.

著者

加島 卓

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.93, pp.61-74, 2018-07-31 (Released:2018-10-13)

参考文献数

88

---

In this paper, I explain the research methods for handling historical data inthe context of media studies. I started by organizing the development processof media history in Japan, followed by the characteristics of media history ofthe 2000s. Finally, in the context of media history research as it relates to sociology,I explain about the methodologies adopted in “Historical Sociology of theAdvertising Creator”( 2014) and“ Olympic, Design, Marketing”( 2017).

著者

柳原 伸洋

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, pp.35-53, 2016

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This study examines and compares the films, dramas, and comics that describe air-raids mainly in Japan and Germany. We first consider the definitions and the uses of the words "Kusyu" and "Kubaku," that is, "air-raid." Next, we examine the post-war history of Japan and Germany and the "popularity" of bombardment as a basis of comparison. Thereafter, we characterize the differences and similarities between these countries through examples of Japanese and German works of popular culture. We conclude by presenting memorable descriptions of bombing, such as love during the bombing and the feelings of revenge. However, the bodies and faces of bomber pilots have been re-eliminated from the popular culture of Japan and Germany.

著者

貫名 貴洋

出版者

日本メディア学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.90, pp.105-122, 2017-01-31 (Released:2017-10-06)

参考文献数

18

---

In newspaper articles and the publishing industry, there is an opinion that a decrease in the sale of books affects an increase in the lending of books in public libraries. However, there are few proof cases of the correlation and causality between these variables. We sought to empirically study whether the two variables truly demonstrate correlation or causality. We used data from 1970 to 2015. The regression coefficient for the two variables of level data showed very high significance. However, this was a case of“ spurious regression.” The“ spurious regression” theory was proved by Granger and Newbold( 1974). We then performed regression analysis using stationary time series data, and the data after removing the time trend. We conducted a unit root test to derive the stationary time series data. Additionally, we used the Hodrick-Prescott filter to remove the time trend. Analysis of these data did not return a significant regression coefficient. We conclude that the lending of books at the public library has no effect on the sales of books.

著者

前坂 俊之

出版者

日本メディア学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, pp.5-19, 2005-01-31 (Released:2017-10-06)

参考文献数

13

著者

加島 卓

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.93, pp.61-74, 2018

---

<p> In this paper, I explain the research methods for handling historical data in</p><p>the context of media studies. I started by organizing the development process</p><p>of media history in Japan, followed by the characteristics of media history of</p><p>the 2000s. Finally, in the context of media history research as it relates to sociology,</p><p>I explain about the methodologies adopted in "Historical Sociology of the</p><p>Advertising Creator"( 2014) and" Olympic, Design, Marketing"( 2017).</p>

著者

北波 英幸

出版者

日本メディア学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.99, pp.115-132, 2021-07-31 (Released:2021-09-11)

参考文献数

27

---

This paper focuses on the transition of name and concept in Japanese Animated films, Senga (“line drawing”). This name was used for about half a century from late Meiji era (around 1910) to the World War II. At first, it was generally a neutral word to express animated films, and it became the genre for enlightenment and diverged with Manga (“cartoons”) to express an entertainment at the later time. But Senga is not memorized widely today. How and when was Senga born, and why did it disappear?Japanese Anime did not develop easily, but get repeatedly into danger of disappearing, because they are suffered from a lack of human and economic resources, in addition, have also been overwhelmed in quality and quantity by Disney and other films from the United States, the producers asked themselves the significance again each time. On the other hand, How the animated films have it been hoped as the media to give the audience what kind of action and effect?Therefore, this paper does not depend only on the content analysis. I examine the national newspaper and refer to a magazine, the book historical materials in the period mentioned the above. There are thought to related at the times when a concept of Senga changes. I argue in three questions, First, “when was Senga born?”, Second, “How has Senga be consumed?”, Third is “how did Senga disappear?”. The transition of the concept of Senga is engraved the aspects of dynamism which represents the changes in consciousness and behavior of the creators, the governments, and the audience of those days.

著者

峰久 和哲

出版者

日本メディア学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, pp.39-58, 2010-07-31 (Released:2017-10-06)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

1

---

Japanese public opinion polls have introduced by GHQ after WWII, and they also have improved the quality much better than before by the cooperation with news organizations and mathematicians. Due to the start of election situation survey by Asahi newspaper at The House of Representatives election in 1958, public opinion functioned much important rolls with the election news by news organizations. For long time, search procedures are mainly examined by visiting each object person by examiners, however, since 1980s, each news organization attempted to use public opinion polls by telephone. After the 21 century, RDD (Random Digit Dialing) with random dialing by computers has spread. It is lower the costs and it is also easier to get survey result promptly, and then, 'Cabinet support rate' reported by more than ten news organizations each month has come and gone. However, due to the spread of cell phones, etc., this search procedure showed some limitations. Together with this fact, public opinion polls are facing huge crisis. About the issues in the society, survey object persons themselves do not form their own opinions and also do not think about the resolution, and they answer promptly to the public opinion polls. And then, the answer was easily induced by the amplification which was introduced during the making of questioners by news organizations. Following these result, we do not have to undervalue public opinion polls. They have important roles as to 'measure' the public opinions and to keep polishing fair examinations.