3 0 0 0 OA 内側前頭前皮質の機能 ――行動選択基準仮説――
1 0 0 0 OA 表情の筋電図解析による人間の表情反応に関する研究
- 著者
- 小越 康宏 小越 咲子 武澤 友広 三橋 美典
- 出版者
- Japan Society of Kansei Engineering
- 雑誌
- 日本感性工学会論文誌 (ISSN:18845258)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- pp.TJSKE-D-17-00012, (Released:2018-02-15)
- 参考文献数
- 27
- 被引用文献数
- 1 5
We have been developing training systems using engineering technologies including voice processing, image processing, and electromyogram measurements, among others, for people with communication difficulties including those with developmental disorders. These training systems are designed to improve their communication skills, and they included voice training for improving the clarity of the voice and emotional expressions, and training in making facial expressions for expressing emotions, among others. Facial expressions play an important role in smooth communication by conveying one's intentions. Moreover, it is necessary to have the skills of synchronizing one's facial expressions with that of others especially when feeling empathy for another person. Skills of synchronizing facial expressions include skills of recognizing others' facial expressions and those of creating one's own facial expressions. We have conducted investigations based on the perspective that when conducting training related to facial expression synchronization it is important to examine abilities for both recognizing and creating facial expressions. This paper describes indices of facial expression synchronization skills developed by us. In an experiment conducted by Otte et al., happy and angry faces were shown to participants as stimuli and they were required to respond with happy or angry faces respectively. It was indicated that the response time differed depending on combinations of facial expressions used in the stimulus and the response. We assessed the response time to an expressionless face as the baseline response time. Then, we defined the effect of generating shorter response times than the baseline when stimulus and response facial expressions were consistent, as a promoting effect, and the effect of generating longer response times when stimulus and response facial expressions were inconsistent, as an inhibitory effect. Furthermore, the time differences from the baseline were defined as indices of the degree of promotion and the degree of inhibition. The results of investigating promoting and inhibitory effects are reported.
- 著者
- 廣澤 愛子 武澤 友広 織田 安沙美 鈴木 静香 小越 咲子
- 出版者
- 一般社団法人 日本発達心理学会
- 雑誌
- 発達心理学研究 (ISSN:09159029)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.30, no.2, pp.61-73, 2019 (Released:2021-06-20)
- 参考文献数
- 16
本研究では,9歳から11歳の知的障害のない自閉スペクトラム症の児童6名,支援者6名,参与観察者3名による療育活動の参与観察分析を通して,児童の社会性の発達と,それに伴う支援者の係わりを明らかにした。児童と支援者の相互作用を量的・質的に分析した結果,どの児童に対しても支援者は,活動前半には,共感的に児童の言動に耳を傾けたり,逆に自分の意見を伝えたりしながら関係作りを行い,さらに,児童同士が係われるよう仲介していた。そして活動後半には,誤りを指摘したり,児童の思いを明確化するなどして各児童の発達課題にアプローチし,さらに,児童ら自身で協働活動が行えるよう支援していた。一方,児童の社会性については,全児童において,活動終盤には自他境界を意識した言動もしくは他児との協働活動の増加が見られ,社会性に係わる言動の増加が見られた。但し,そのプロセスについては,「自己中心から他者理解へ」「集団の辺縁から集団の中心へ」「孤立から他者との関係性の芽生えへ」の3つに類型化され,個別性が見られた。今後は,このような社会性の発達と密接に係わる自他理解の発達過程が,自閉スペクトラム症の子どもと定型発達の子どもとの間でどのように異なるのかを明らかにすることが課題である。
- 著者
- 前原 和明 武澤 友広 八重田 淳 MAEBARA Kazuaki TAKEZAWA Tomohiro YAEDA Jun
- 出版者
- 秋田大学教育文化学部
- 雑誌
- 秋田大学教育文化学部研究紀要 教育科学 (ISSN:24334952)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- no.75, pp.81-86, 2020-03-01
職業リハビリテーションにおける精神障害者に対する自己理解を促す支援実施に対する専門性の影響を検討した。職業リハビリテーションの支援者(障害者職業カウンセラー及び就業支援担当者)155 人に対する自己理解を促す支援行動の調査結果を用い,支援行動に関する因子毎に算出した実施程度得点を目的変数,就労支援経験年数及び所持資格を説明変数とした重回帰分析を支援対象者の障害種別(統合失調症,気分障害)で実施した。障害毎に障害者職業カウンセラーと精神保健福祉士の資格が異なって影響していた。所持資格の影響力は精神保健福祉領域における知識及び視点,所属機関の支援内容の違いに依存すると考えられた。精神障害者の自己理解の支援実施に向けては,知識や視点の違いを踏まえた多職種連携が必要であり,今後は医療機関も含めた多職種連携の観点から調査及び具体的な事例の検討が必要である。The effect of the expertise on the support of the self-understanding for the psychiatric disorders in the vocational rehabilitation was examined. Using the results of a survey on support action to promote selfunderstanding among 155 vocational rehabilitation supporters (Vocational counselors for persons with disabilities and persons in charge of employment support), multiple regression analysis was conducted for each disorder category (Schizophrenia and mood disorders) of the support subjects, using the implementation level score calculated for each factor related to support action as an explanatory variable, years of employment support experience, and possession qualifications. The qualification of vocational rehabilitation counselor and Psychiatric social worker influenced each disorder differently. The effect of the possession qualification seemed to depend on the difference between knowledge and viewpoint in the mental health welfare field and support content of the belonging organization. In order to support the self-understanding of persons with psychiatric disorders, multidisciplinary cooperation based on differences in knowledge and viewpoints is necessary. In the future, it will be necessary to conduct surveys and case studies from the viewpoint of multidisciplinary cooperation including that of medical institutions.