著者
古川 邦之 谷 健一郎 金丸 龍夫 星 博幸
出版者
一般社団法人 日本地質学会
雑誌
地質学雑誌 (ISSN:00167630)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.129, no.1, pp.325-340, 2023-04-14 (Released:2023-04-14)
参考文献数
47
被引用文献数
1

中部地方の下部中新統である,師崎層群日間賀層および山海層下部と瑞浪層群明世層狭間部層における軽石質凝灰岩の対比について検討した.日間賀層および山海層下部の試料からはそれぞれ,狭間部層の年代と調和的な17.87±0.75 Maおよび17.36±0.40 MaのジルコンU-Pb年代が得られた.また日間賀層の古地磁気は山海層下部や狭間部層と同じく逆極性であった.つまりこれら3層はいずれも古地磁気年代のクロンC5Drに相当すると結論できる.EPMA分析から,山海層下部と狭間部層の試料に含まれる火山ガラスは組成変化図において一連のトレンドを示し,3層に含まれる斜長石組成は類似していた.つまりこれら3層の火山砕屑物は同一のマグマ供給系を起源とすると考えられる.以上の結果と古水深から,本研究対象の師崎層群の軽石質凝灰岩は,狭間部層の火山砕屑物が海底を流下して堆積したと考えられる.
著者
安井 真也 高橋 正樹 金丸 龍夫 長井 雅史
出版者
特定非営利活動法人 日本火山学会
雑誌
火山 (ISSN:04534360)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.66, no.4, pp.293-325, 2021-12-31 (Released:2022-02-22)
参考文献数
36

The Asama-Maekake volcano has been active during the last 10,000 years. Large-scale eruptions that occurred in the 18th and 12th centuries have been well studied, whereas little information is available for older eruptions. In this paper, we aim to reconstruct the history of this volcano in detail through a combination of extensive geological survey and 14C dating. The observation and description of twenty-one trench excavations, two drilling core samples, and many outcrops enabled us to build a stratigraphy of the eruptive products in much greater detail than ever before. The trench excavation sites cover an area of nearly 180 degrees around the volcano. These sites were selected mainly in the medial area at distances between 5 and 10 km from the summit crater. Many older deposits buried by thick younger deposits were found. The pyroclastic fall deposits of this volcano vary from a thick pumice layer to pumice grains scattered in the black soil, indicating a variation in the scale of sub-plinian eruptions. More than 120 samples for 14C dating were taken from the black soil immediately beneath the pyroclastic fall deposits. Some charcoals contained in the pyroclastic flow deposits were also subjected to dating. The 14C dating results were used for the correlation of deposits of different localities and distributions of some pyroclastic fall deposits older than 2000 years were revealed. The qualitative evaluation of the number and scale of eruptions throughout history might be possible using these data. Four classes of eruptive scales are recognized in the pyroclastic fall deposits in this study. Class 1: Defined by the isopach line for 128 cm thickness being able to be drawn on the map and the area enclosed by the 64 cm isopach line being more than 25 km2. The deposits are recognized at distant locations more than 50 km from the summit crater. Class 2: Defined by that the isopach line for 64 cm thickness being able to be drawn on the map and the area enclosed by the 16 cm isopach line being more than 15 km2. Class 3: The deposit of this class is recognized as a distinct layer that continues horizontally at each locality. In most cases, the observed thickness is less than several tens of centimeters and generally no structure can be observed. Class 4: This class comprises scattered pumice grains in the soil, for which the measurement of thickness is impossible. The deposits of classes 3 and 4 are seldom found at distances farther than 15 km from the crater. Most of the pyroclastic fall deposits of the period between 9400 and 3100 cal BP are of Classes 3 and 4. On the other hand, a large-scale eruption (Class 1) occurred about 2000 years ago, generating pyroclastic fall deposits in distant areas of more than 50 km from the crater. The recurrence interval of large-scale eruptions during the last 2000 years is estimated to be about 700 years. This is less frequent than in the period prior to 2000 years ago. Therefore, a change in eruption mode occurred about 2000 years ago when eruptions became infrequent but large in scale.
著者
石川 正弘 谷 健一郎 桑谷 立 金丸 龍夫 小林 健太
出版者
一般社団法人 日本地質学会
雑誌
地質学雑誌 (ISSN:00167630)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.122, no.7, pp.291-304, 2016-07-15 (Released:2016-08-02)
参考文献数
71
被引用文献数
1

丹沢層群および丹沢複合深成岩体は,かつての伊豆小笠原弧の火成活動に伴うものと考えられ,丹沢層群と深成岩体は,伊豆小笠原弧の上部地殻と中部地殻が島弧衝突に伴って隆起・露出したと解釈されてきた.しかし近年,丹沢複合深成岩体について岩石学,地球年代学,地球化学,岩石磁気学的な手法を使った再検討が行われ,深成岩体は中部地殻断面ではなく,衝突マグマ活動によって形成されたことが明らかにされた.さらに,丹沢変成岩から組成累帯構造を持つ角閃石が見つかり,従来説の接触変成作用だけではなく,非常に暖かいスラブの沈み込みとそれに続く急上昇プロセスが明らかにされつつある.このように丹沢山地の深成岩と変成岩の形成プロセスに関する視点は今まさに大きく転換しつつある.今回の地質巡検では,伊豆衝突帯のジオダイナミクスという視点から丹沢山地に分布する丹沢層群,丹沢変成岩,丹沢複合深成岩体,足柄層群,神縄断層を案内する.