著者

千葉 友樹 高橋 幹雄 黒木 友裕 和田 一樹 天野 健太郎 桑山 絹子

出版者

公益社団法人 空気調和・衛生工学会

雑誌

空気調和・衛生工学会大会 学術講演論文集 令和元年度大会(札幌)学術講演論文集 第6巻 温熱環境評価 編 (ISSN:18803806)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.37-40, 2019 (Released:2020-10-31)

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暑熱環境下で頸部を冷却する実験での生理量測定結果と、頸部を冷却しない実験での生理量測定結果とを比較し、更に人体モデルを用いた解析による検討を行った。実験では、頸部を冷却しない条件に対し、頸部を冷却した条件において、皮膚温度が相対的に低くなり、発汗量が少ない傾向が表れ、血圧が有意に高くなった。更に、人体熱モデルと循環系モデルにより計算を行った結果、上記のような傾向を定性的に再現することができた。

著者

高橋 祐樹 加藤 信介 小林 敏孝 吉井 光信 上原 茂男 樋口 祥明 高橋 幹雄 石川 敦雄 黒木 友裕 野崎 尚子

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, no.662, pp.335-343, 2011-04-30 (Released:2011-07-29)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

1

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This study investigated the effect of diurnal thermal changes on the circadian rhythm of human core body temperature, together with secondary effects on other psycho-physiological functioning and intellectual performance. Four male subjects (23 - 25 years of age) were observed under three experimental temperature cycles in a climate chamber. In Case 1, the temperature remained fixed at 24°C (control); in Case 2, a constant temperature of 24°C during the morning and the afternoon was raised to 27°C at 6 PM and remained constant during the evening, to evaluate the effects of body heating before sleep; in Case 3, the temperature control schedule is similar to Case 2 with the exception of the changing time, not at 6 PM but at noon, to reflect the normal circadian increase in core body temperature (CBT) in the afternoon. The change of the thermal environment caused amplitude increment or phase advance in rectal temperature (RT). Measurements based on electrocardiographs, salivary cortisol levels, psychological measurement tools and intellectual tests illustrated the beneficial effects of the temperature control. The results reveal that control of the thermal environment in spaces based on the circadian rhythm may regulate RT rhythm, leading to improvement in psycho-physiological state and intellectual performance of occupants.

著者

徳村 朋子 高橋 祐樹 桑山 絹子 和田 一樹 黒木 友裕 高橋 幹雄 秋山 幸穂 高橋 秀介 篠田 純 中川 純 田辺 新一

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.783, pp.441-450, 2021-05-30 (Released:2021-05-30)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

6

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As a measure to prevent the spread of COVID-19, telecommuting has been recommended by many companies since March 2020 in Japan. Even after the COVID-19 pandemic is over, the telecommuting implementation rate, including working from home, may continue to increase.The purpose of this study is to clarify the impact of working from home on the individual satisfaction and productivity of workers in companies that introduced the telecommuting system from April 2020 as a countermeasure against COVID-19.Questionnaire surveys of workers who normally work at an activity-based working office were conducted in order to compare the effects of working from home and at the office. The survey targets were workers of a research and development institute located in Chiba Prefecture, Japan. Approximately 210 employees work in the facility, of which 85% are researchers and 15% are in clerical positions. In this study, the results of three questionnaire surveys are described. We conducted a survey of “conventional office work period” in February 2020, a survey of “recommended work from home period” in April 2020, and a survey of “combined work from home and at the office period” in July 2020 where workers could choose to go to work or work from home.From the survey results, it was found that the working environment at home had large individual differences, and the illuminance and CO2 concentration levels often deviated from the standards of the “Ordinance on Health Standards in the Office”. Despite the environment with large differences, the satisfaction level of the thermal environment, air quality and sound was significantly higher at home. It was also found that when working from home, self-efficacy regarding control of the indoor environment increases. This is considered to be one of the reasons for the increase in satisfaction of environmental qualities at home.As an advantage of working from home, most office workers chose “reduction of coronavirus infection risk”. Next, more than half of the respondents chose “having no commuting stress” and “having a reduced dress code” as advantages. On the other hand, “lack of face-to-face communication” became the highest disadvantage of working from home. The degree of satisfaction with interpersonal communication was significantly lower at home than at work. In particular, the decrease in the satisfaction of informal communication was large.Compared to the period when workers could only work at the office or at home, the period with relative freedom to choose between both options showed a great increase in the satisfaction with the work environment and a decrease in the difficulty of performing office activities.In addition, a high correlation was found between the frequency of working from home and commuting time. Workers with longer commuting hours tended to work at home more frequently. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the higher the frequency of working from home, the higher the degree of satisfaction with the working environment at home.The most common response to the ideal rate of working from home was two times a week, but the actual rate was only 25% in the survey conducted in July. It is presumed that there were many situations in which employees chose to come to the office in order to proceed with their work duties more efficiently.

著者

森川 誠司 田部井 和人 磯岩 和夫 田口 勝則 高橋 幹雄 石川 典男 西村 元男 宮城 重通 二階堂 聡

出版者

公益社団法人 地盤工学会

雑誌

地盤工学研究発表会 発表講演集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, pp.1633-1634, 2003

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仙台城の石垣は老朽化により昭和40年ごろから石垣にはらみだしが生じ、崩壊の危険性が高まってきた。そこで、青葉山公園整備事業の一環として、文化財保護と防災の両面から仙台城石垣修復工事が実施されている。本報告では簡易石垣モデルによって従来の安定計算手法と不連続体の解析手法の一つである不連続変形法(DDA)を比較し、DDA解析の妥当性を検証した。そして、実際の石垣が極限状態になり得ると考えられる地震力をDDA解析によって求め、修復後の石垣の地震時安定性について検討した。その結果、石垣の崩壊震度は300~330galの間になることが分かった。