著者

野口 瑠美子

出版者

東海大学

雑誌

東海大学紀要. 教養学部 (ISSN:03892018)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, pp.237-253, 1998-03-30

著者

小柴 はるみ 松本 奈穂子

出版者

東海大学

雑誌

東海大学紀要. 教養学部 (ISSN:03892018)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, pp.37-70, 2006-03-30

---

Topkapi Palace Museum in Istanbul has 45 Albums (muraqqa'), a sort of book-style collections, pasted the excellent fragments and examples for the calligraphies and paintings. In these collections, especially four Albums, called Saray Album or Istanbul Album (the registration numbers; H. 2152, H. 2153, H. 2154 and H. 2160), are oldest and characteristic, including more than 1000 paintings and a large number of calligraphies in Islamic world from 14^<th> to 16^<th> century. Although there is no clear evidence, it is supposed that Saray Albums were the dedications from Safavids, when Sultan Serim I (1512-20) of Ottoman Empire conquered Tabriz region (now Iran) in the campaign of Chaldiran at 1514. Many fragments of the paintings and calligraphies are disorderly pasted on both sides of the page. And most of the paintings and drawings might have been executed originally for different kinds of manuscripts and sketchbooks (SUGIMURA 1986: 5). For example, a few illustrated pages of the famous manuscripts Shah-nama (Book of Kings), written by Firdawsi (934-1025), were separated from the original book and mounted to different pages. And in these two Albums, there is a group of very unique paintings with the inscription; "Kari Ustad Mahmmud Siyah Kalem (the work of Master Siyah Kalem (=black pen)". The motifs of those paintings are various demonical creatures and the nomad's daily life. Those pictures might be the precious examples of the tradition that belongs to the Turkmen's culture in Central Asia. This paper is one of the reports of our collaborated research with the art historians, taking two volumes (H. 2153 and H. 2160) as the object of study. In this paper we deal with the musical instruments and dance scenes, based on the pictures of these two Albums. There are 84 pictures of music and dance, included 30 pictures of musical instruments, 5 of dance scenes with music, 13 of dancers, and 36 of only the bells. Various musical instruments, such as the chordophones (harp and lute families), the aerophones (flute and trumpet), the membranophones (drums), the idiophones (clappers and bells), are drawn in different pictures. Dancing postures and accompaning materials such as the waving scarves and cloths are analized from magical/spiritual point of view. In brief, we take focus on the pictorial materials with musical instruments and dances, especially from Shah-nama and Siyah Kalem in the Saray Albums, and consider them in the cultural contexts.

著者

沖野 成紀

出版者

東海大学

雑誌

東海大学紀要. 教養学部 (ISSN:03892018)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, pp.125-141, 1999

著者

小柴 はるみ

出版者

東海大学

雑誌

東海大学紀要. 教養学部 (ISSN:03892018)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, pp.149-188, 2004-03-30

---

This paper takes the focus on the musical instruments of Maraghl's two writings in Persian, Jami'al-alhan (the collection of melodies) and Maqasid al-alhan (the intention of melodies), which give us the most precious data as written in the Islamic world of 15th century. In his works there are 45 names of musical instruments with brief descriptions. 'Abd al-Qa^^-dir ibn Ghaybi^^- Ha^^-fiz Mara^^-ghi^^- (135? 〜 d.1435 Herat) was the person who showed the musical talent in the time when the history of west and central Asia had greatly moved, accepted by the several rulers, and left the important works to future generations. As born in Maragha(now Iran), he is commonly called Maragh! or Ghaybl. He was a musician, poet, and calligrapher. Since he himself was an excellent player of 'ud and harp, he wrote the books of the music theory, based on his practical experiences. The descriptive section of various musical instruments in his writings does not necessarily take a large portion, but only one chapter, added as a sort of dictionary. However, instead of taking up whole musical instruments of his time, he treated in own writings only those which called saz, the musical instruments but limited to the melodic instruments. Therefore, he did not adopt the rhythmic instruments in his books, such as drums or clappers etc. It is interesting that he included particularly the melodic percussion instruments of the cup-phones or bowl-phones with water-tuning system by his original device. There are 29 names of the string instruments, 13 of the wind instruments and 3 of the percussion instruments. In this paper I indicate the name list of them, then, Japanese translations of each description with my brief comments, and lastly refer to his classification and concept of these instruments, which were probably reflecting the view of his days. In his writings Maraghl presents the various musical instruments covering vast area from east to west in Eurasia, and makes us to recognize the spread of the informations in those days.

著者

原田 一郎

出版者

東海大学

雑誌

東海大学紀要. 教養学部 (ISSN:03892018)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, pp.73-90, 1989

著者

福田 達夫

出版者

東海大学

雑誌

東海大学紀要. 教養学部 (ISSN:03892018)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, pp.3-15, 1971

著者

工楽 英司

出版者

東海大学教養学部

雑誌

東海大学紀要 教養学部 (ISSN:03892018)

巻号頁・発行日

no.6, pp.p123-131, 1975-07

著者

野口 和彦

出版者

東海大学

雑誌

東海大学紀要. 教養学部 (ISSN:03892018)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, pp.237-257, 2005-03-30

---

中ソ関係は1950年代後半から悪化し,60年代末に緊張は最高潮に達した。そして社会主義陣営の「冷戦」は,1969年のダマンスキー島/珍宝島事件で「熱戦」へと転化した。本論文では,中国とソ連の国境をめぐる武力衝突の根本的原因を究明する。ここでは,国際システム・レベルと国内レベルの両面から,中ソ国境紛争の原因を探る。ソ連の軍事的強大化による力の不均衡は,中国のソ連に対する脅威認識を強めた。中国はソ連の攻勢を抑止するために,紛争がエスカレートしにくい小島で,挑発の範囲と規模を限定した対ソ攻撃に踏み切ったと思われる。同時に中国の文化大革命は反ソ的特徴を持っていたため,ソ連との安全保障上の競争を極度に激しくしてしまった。つまり,69年の中ソ国境武力衝突は,中国がソ連に対して仕掛けた予防攻撃だと説明できる。

著者

永野 信利

出版者

東海大学

雑誌

東海大学紀要. 教養学部 (ISSN:03892018)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, pp.59-88, 1991

著者

藤吉 正明 浅井 啓佑 菅原 野花

出版者

東海大学

雑誌

東海大学紀要. 教養学部 (ISSN:03892018)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, pp.203-212, 2006

被引用文献数

1

---

The numbers of woody plant species growing in school grounds (elementary school, junior high school and high school) were surveyed in Hiratsuka City, Hadano City and the town of Oiso and Ninomiya in Kanagawa Prefecture. Representative of the 157 species of 58 plant families examined in school grounds in this study were Camellia spp., Ilex crenata, Rhododendron spp., Juniperus chinensis cv. Pyramidaris, Hydrangea spp., Prunus spp., Ginkgo biloba, Camellia sasanqua, Pinus thunbergii, Podocarpus macrophyllus and Acer palmatum. The average numbers of woody plant species examined in elementary school, junior high school and high school were 53.8, 47.2 and 43.6 species, respectively. The practical use for environmental education of the woody plants found growing in school grounds was discussed.

著者

Fujimaki Shinpei

出版者

東海大学教養学部

雑誌

東海大学紀要. 教養学部 (ISSN:03892018)

巻号頁・発行日

no.8, pp.87-103, 1978-01-20

著者

工楽 英司

出版者

東海大学

雑誌

東海大学紀要. 教養学部 (ISSN:03892018)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, pp.183-190, 1976

著者

カーター ジェフリー

出版者

東海大学教養学部

雑誌

東海大学紀要. 教養学部 (ISSN:03892018)

巻号頁・発行日

no.36, pp.141-166, 2006-03-30

---

筆者は2001年に特別助成を受けて,アフリカのエイズ危機に関する調査を実施した。この疫病は,アメリカやヨーロッパなどの先進諸国におけるエイズ問題とは比べものにならないほどの深刻な打撃をアフリカに与えた。アフリカ地域での最初の調査に続き,筆者は東海大学の3つの学生ボランティア・グループを引率して,南アフリカで最も被害が大きいクワズール・ナタルのエイズ孤児保護センターを訪問した。本論文では,この5年間におけるエイズ危機という健康被害の進行状況をまとめるとともに,学生グループのボランティア経験を振り返ることにする。様々な理由により,世界の注目が集まり,何十億ドルもの支援が寄せられたにもかかわらず,5年間たっても,エイズ危機は改善していない。しかしながら,この危機に対する寄付金が訪問先のボランティア・センターを改善したように,エイズ孤児介添えの経験は,大きな変革を促してきたのも事実である。

著者

若林 広

出版者

東海大学教養学部

雑誌

東海大学紀要 教養学部 (ISSN:03892018)

巻号頁・発行日

no.27, pp.139-155, 1996

被引用文献数

1

著者

萩野 弘巳 旦 祐介

出版者

東海大学

雑誌

東海大学紀要. 教養学部 (ISSN:03892018)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, pp.33-52, 1994

著者

和田 龍太

出版者

東海大学教養学部

雑誌

東海大学紀要. 教養学部 = Journal of the School of Humanities and Culture, Tokai University (ISSN:03892018)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, pp.99-112, 2016

著者

田代 秀徳

出版者

東海大学

雑誌

東海大学紀要. 教養学部 (ISSN:03892018)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, pp.1-21, 1972-09-30

著者

水野 雅生

出版者

東海大学

雑誌

東海大学紀要. 教養学部 (ISSN:03892018)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, pp.227-246, 2006

著者

若林 広

出版者

東海大学

雑誌

東海大学紀要. 教養学部 (ISSN:03892018)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, pp.229-243, 2007

---

For the French-speaking population of Wallonia, the Belgian Constitutional Reform process culminated in 1993. However it was only a step toward further reform for the people in Flanders. Up until the middle of 1990's the political atmosphere had been relatively calm in Flanders, but 1996 saw a major change with the publication of a 'Proposal for a Constitution for Flanders' written by four jurists who were close collaborators of political leaders in Flanders. Since then various claims and slogans contained in this proposal have been discussed openly both in and outside of the Flemish Parliament. In 1999 that Parliament adopted a series of resolutions calling for a new State Reform. These resolutions related to (1) general principles for State Reform, (2) fiscal autonomy of Regions, (3) the Brussels problem, (4) competencies transfer and (5) other pending issues. In the same year as these resolutions were adopted, a coalition government led by Liberal Party leader Guy Verhofstadt was sworn in, which marked the beginning of the State Reform debate at the federal level. A series of political agreements was consequently reached during the first Verhofstadt Government, which resolved many of the fiscal autonomy and competencies transfer problems, but the Brussels problem remained unsolved. During the second coalition government, by establishing various parley institutions, Prime Minister Verhofstadt tried to solve this problem but the negotiation stalled with the general elections in view in 2007. Presently the Belgian State is under siege from both the Flemings and the Walloons. The centrifugal forces of the Flemings are far more marked than the centripetal forces of the Walloons. This balancing game will determine the future form of Belgium, be it a Federal State or a Confederation, or even a disintegration. But the Flemish need Brussels as their capital, which is situated at the heart of Flanders, even though the majority of its population are French-speaking. Therefore the resolution of the Brussels problem would be the decisive factor for how Belgium would evolve in the foreseeable future.

著者

山下 万里子

出版者

東海大学教養学部

雑誌

東海大学紀要 教養学部 (ISSN:03892018)

巻号頁・発行日

no.30, pp.143-160, 1999