- 著者
- 小柴 はるみ 松本 奈穂子
- 出版者
- 東海大学
- 雑誌
- 東海大学紀要. 教養学部 (ISSN:03892018)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.36, pp.37-70, 2006-03-30
Topkapi Palace Museum in Istanbul has 45 Albums (muraqqa'), a sort of book-style collections, pasted the excellent fragments and examples for the calligraphies and paintings. In these collections, especially four Albums, called Saray Album or Istanbul Album (the registration numbers; H. 2152, H. 2153, H. 2154 and H. 2160), are oldest and characteristic, including more than 1000 paintings and a large number of calligraphies in Islamic world from 14^<th> to 16^<th> century. Although there is no clear evidence, it is supposed that Saray Albums were the dedications from Safavids, when Sultan Serim I (1512-20) of Ottoman Empire conquered Tabriz region (now Iran) in the campaign of Chaldiran at 1514. Many fragments of the paintings and calligraphies are disorderly pasted on both sides of the page. And most of the paintings and drawings might have been executed originally for different kinds of manuscripts and sketchbooks (SUGIMURA 1986: 5). For example, a few illustrated pages of the famous manuscripts Shah-nama (Book of Kings), written by Firdawsi (934-1025), were separated from the original book and mounted to different pages. And in these two Albums, there is a group of very unique paintings with the inscription; "Kari Ustad Mahmmud Siyah Kalem (the work of Master Siyah Kalem (=black pen)". The motifs of those paintings are various demonical creatures and the nomad's daily life. Those pictures might be the precious examples of the tradition that belongs to the Turkmen's culture in Central Asia. This paper is one of the reports of our collaborated research with the art historians, taking two volumes (H. 2153 and H. 2160) as the object of study. In this paper we deal with the musical instruments and dance scenes, based on the pictures of these two Albums. There are 84 pictures of music and dance, included 30 pictures of musical instruments, 5 of dance scenes with music, 13 of dancers, and 36 of only the bells. Various musical instruments, such as the chordophones (harp and lute families), the aerophones (flute and trumpet), the membranophones (drums), the idiophones (clappers and bells), are drawn in different pictures. Dancing postures and accompaning materials such as the waving scarves and cloths are analized from magical/spiritual point of view. In brief, we take focus on the pictorial materials with musical instruments and dances, especially from Shah-nama and Siyah Kalem in the Saray Albums, and consider them in the cultural contexts.
4 0 0 0 OA 中世イスラーム世界の楽器 : 15世紀マラーギーの著作を中心として
- 著者
- 小柴 はるみ
- 出版者
- 東海大学
- 雑誌
- 東海大学紀要. 教養学部 (ISSN:03892018)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.34, pp.149-188, 2004-03-30
This paper takes the focus on the musical instruments of Maraghl's two writings in Persian, Jami'al-alhan (the collection of melodies) and Maqasid al-alhan (the intention of melodies), which give us the most precious data as written in the Islamic world of 15th century. In his works there are 45 names of musical instruments with brief descriptions. 'Abd al-Qa^^-dir ibn Ghaybi^^- Ha^^-fiz Mara^^-ghi^^- (135? 〜 d.1435 Herat) was the person who showed the musical talent in the time when the history of west and central Asia had greatly moved, accepted by the several rulers, and left the important works to future generations. As born in Maragha(now Iran), he is commonly called Maragh! or Ghaybl. He was a musician, poet, and calligrapher. Since he himself was an excellent player of 'ud and harp, he wrote the books of the music theory, based on his practical experiences. The descriptive section of various musical instruments in his writings does not necessarily take a large portion, but only one chapter, added as a sort of dictionary. However, instead of taking up whole musical instruments of his time, he treated in own writings only those which called saz, the musical instruments but limited to the melodic instruments. Therefore, he did not adopt the rhythmic instruments in his books, such as drums or clappers etc. It is interesting that he included particularly the melodic percussion instruments of the cup-phones or bowl-phones with water-tuning system by his original device. There are 29 names of the string instruments, 13 of the wind instruments and 3 of the percussion instruments. In this paper I indicate the name list of them, then, Japanese translations of each description with my brief comments, and lastly refer to his classification and concept of these instruments, which were probably reflecting the view of his days. In his writings Maraghl presents the various musical instruments covering vast area from east to west in Eurasia, and makes us to recognize the spread of the informations in those days.
3 0 0 0 OA 中央・西アジア音楽文化の比較研究2-ウイグルとトルコ・イランの伝統を中心に
本研究は新疆ウイグル自治区のウイグル人作曲家、ウメル・マーマットを主たるインフォーマントとして、比較文化・文明の観点から中央・西アジア音楽研究に携わってきた研究代表者(龍村)が、トルコ(小柴はるみ)、イラン(谷正人)、アラブ(屋山久美子)の音楽研究者と共に、トルコ語系民族のウイグルと他の中央・西アジア地域の音楽との比較を行ったものである。今日の伝承におけるウイグルの「ムカーム」は、他の地域の伝統よりも固定性が強く、各ムカームが固有の旋法のみならず、固有のリズムと舞踊の様式を持っている。ムカームに基づく一人の奏者の即興演奏も見られるが、音楽・舞踊の一体化した全体が一つのムカームの表現なのである。
1 0 0 0 リズム
- 著者
- 小島美子 小柴はるみ編
- 出版者
- 音楽之友社
- 巻号頁・発行日
- 1984
1)海外調査を通じて得た主な研究業績(1)研究対象である2冊の詩画帳(通称サライ・アルバム)(トプカプ宮殿美術館所蔵登録番号H.2153,H.2160)の合計289フォリオ、2152作品のデーターの入力を完了した。2冊の詩画帳の画像とデーターの総合的入力は本研究グループが初めて成し遂げた成果である。(2)2冊の詩画帳の書の索引の作成が完了した。これも本研究グループがはじめて成し遂げた成果である。絵画作品に関しては、索引を作成中である。(3)平成16年にはベルリンの国立図書館が所蔵するディーツ・アルバムを調査し、トプカプ宮殿美術館の上記2冊の詩画帳との関連性を考証した。この件に関しては更に詳細な研究調査が必要である。2)研究発表における主な業績:11.研究発表の中でも以下の論文発表は新説であり、本研究グループが成し遂げた成果である;(1)ヤマンラール水野美奈子「サライ・アルバムH.2153における半円形のデザイン文様に関する考察」:従来半円形デザイン文様は根拠なしに襟の型紙とされていたが、住吉神社、手向山神社や中国の例証などからそれらが馬具の障泥のパターンであることを証明した。(2)関喜房「サライ・アルバム(H.2153,H.2160)の装丁の考察(原文ペルシア語)」:研究対象の詩画帳は数回装丁を改められているが、そのオリジナルな装丁の考察に示唆を与える画期的研究である。3)海外における講演・発表(1)上記2)(1)は平成14年の国際トルコ美術史学会で発表された。(ヤマンラール水野美奈子)(2)平成16年10月に中国、煙台大学でサライ・アルバムに見られる中国美術の影響を発表し、中国で始めてサライ・アルバムを紹介した。(ヤマンラール水野美奈子、黄暁芬)(3)平成17年3月には、イラン国立アカデミーでサライ・アルバムを紹介。(ヤマンラール水野美奈子・杉村棟)