著者

笹木 敏

出版者

The Clay Science Society of Japan

雑誌

粘土科学 (ISSN:04706455)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.2, pp.58-70, 1974-08-25 (Released:2011-09-20)

参考文献数

15

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The Quaternary clay which occurs along the margin of the Kitami basin, Hokkaido, -to be called Kitami clay-has been known as very sensitive as those of the “Quick clay” in southern Scandinavia and eastern Canada.The present geological study proved that this clay resembles to the varved clays as shown by its properties as follows:1. The clay assumes thin bedded and intercalated in the Kutcharo volcanic ash formations.2. About half of the specimens of the fossil diatoms in the clay is of lacustrin fresh, and another half is of high land lacustrin type.3. The radiocarbon dating of the wood fragments from the clay gave the age from 23, 000 to 26, 800 years B. P., corresponding to Main Wurm Glacial stage.4. The caly beds consist of the alternating lamina of summer silty layer and winter peaty layer.5. By X-ray diffraction and differential thermal analysis, the clay minerals of the clay are identified mainly as halloysite accompanied with minor amount of kaolinite. This mineral composition greatly differs from the “Quick clay” mentioned above, inspite of the sensitive characteristics of the crude clay.

著者

小暮 敏博

出版者

一般社団法人 日本粘土学会

雑誌

粘土科学 (ISSN:04706455)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.1, pp.22-27, 2015-08-21 (Released:2017-06-22)

被引用文献数

3

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Although more than four years have passed after the accident at the Fukushima-Daiichi nuclear power plant, the state of radioactive cesium, which is the main source of the high radioactivity in the environment of Fukushima, is not well understood yet. To advance this situation, we tried to specify radioactive soil particles using IP autoradiography and electron microscopy. As a result, the radioactive soil particles were classified into three types from their morphologies and chemical compositions: (1) conglomerates of fine clay minerals, (2) organic matter containing clay mineral particulates, and (3) weathered biotite with a platy shape originated from granite. The weathered biotite is actually a biotite-vermiculite mixed-layer mineral, forming a porous structure with well-developed cleavage, and kaolinite filling the cleavage spaces. It was indicated that radioactive cesium is located uniformly in the weathered biotite, rather than concentrated around the edges of the platy shape.

出版者

一般社団法人 日本粘土学会

雑誌

粘土科学 (ISSN:04706455)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.2, 2009

著者

井上 厚行

出版者

一般社団法人 日本粘土学会

雑誌

粘土科学 (ISSN:04706455)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.3, pp.161-167, 2008-11-07 (Released:2017-06-22)

参考文献数

8

著者

江川 友治

出版者

一般社団法人 日本粘土学会

雑誌

粘土科学 (ISSN:04706455)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.3, pp.160-167, 1963

著者

川俣 純 沢井 長雄 谷 誠治 鈴木 康孝 富永 亮

出版者

一般社団法人 日本粘土学会

雑誌

粘土科学 (ISSN:04706455)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.2, pp.74-79, 2016

著者

岩生 周一

出版者

一般社団法人 日本粘土学会

雑誌

粘土科学 (ISSN:04706455)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.1, pp.31-44, 1972-04-25 (Released:2011-09-20)

参考文献数

30

著者

江川 友治

出版者

一般社団法人 日本粘土学会

雑誌

粘土科学 (ISSN:04706455)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.3, pp.160-167, 1963-06-01 (Released:2011-09-20)

被引用文献数

1

出版者

一般社団法人 日本粘土学会

雑誌

粘土科学 (ISSN:04706455)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.1, 2009

著者

富田 克利 上野 孝幸 河野 元治 三浦 英樹 北村 良介 大場 孝信

出版者

日本粘土学会

雑誌

粘土科学 (ISSN:04706455)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.3, 2003-03-28

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第38次南極地域観測隊(1996-1997)によって採取されたリーセルラルセン山地域の地表から140cmの深さまでの試料について,粘土鉱物学的研究を行った.本研究では,粘土鉱物の種類や性質について,垂直的な変化や,風化の違いによる平面的な変化があるかを考察した.

著者

神戸 博太郎

出版者

The Clay Science Society of Japan

雑誌

粘土科学 (ISSN:04706455)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.1-2, pp.1-7, 1968-08-30 (Released:2011-09-20)

参考文献数

16

著者

持田 茂

出版者

一般社団法人 日本粘土学会

雑誌

粘土科学 (ISSN:04706455)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.2-3, pp.65-68, 1961-08-01 (Released:2011-09-20)

参考文献数

2

著者

田崎 和江 国峯 由貴江 森川 俊和

出版者

The Clay Science Society of Japan

雑誌

粘土科学 (ISSN:04706455)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.2, pp.64-74, 2001-12-31 (Released:2011-09-20)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

1

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In 1985, Dashidaira dam with discharge gate had been built for the first time in Japan, at Kurobe River in Toyama Prefecture. Six years later, in 1991, the dam sediments were flushed out for the first time and impacted on the downstream of Kurobe River. The dam sediments and the suspension contained a large amount of organic matter (with high C, N and S contents) with sludge-smell. The annual catch of bentic fishes (exp. flatfish) and the annual haul of wakame seaweed have been decreased year by year since the first discharge of the dam sediments in 1991. Until now, it has been reported that the sludge has deposited in the Toyama Bay which is apprehensive of influence of discharged dam sediments, because suspended particles affect the fish's gill respiration.In this study, suspension of river water were collected at three bridges during discharge from Dashidaira and Unazuki Dam in June 19th-22nd and in June 30th-July 2nd, 2001. River water quality and suspended solid were analyzed chemically, physically and mineralogically. Extremely low DO and Eh values were observed at the periods during first discharge in June 19th-22nd at two bridges. Moreover, during second discharge in June 30th-July 2nd, DO and Eh values were constant. Therefore it was shown that drastic decreased of DO and Eh values were a peculiar phenomenon during first discharge in June 19th-22th, 2001. The results of NCS elemental analyses were suggested that high organic contents were related with drastic decreased of DO and Eh values. Clay mineralogy of both Unazuki Dam sediments and suspended solid on the seabed at the offing of Kurobe River mouth, show abundant semctite with chlorite, mica clay minerals and kaolin minerals, suggesting those are the almost same origin. The dam sediments associated with organic matter impacted on downstream and the seabed, and was the cause of affecting bentic fishes and wakame seaweed.

著者

大塚 良平 下田 右 下坂 康哉 永田 洋 篠原 也寸志 清水 雅浩 坂本 尚史

出版者

The Clay Science Society of Japan

雑誌

粘土科学 (ISSN:04706455)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.3, pp.154-172, 1992-11-25 (Released:2011-11-16)

参考文献数

92

被引用文献数

3

著者

立山 博

出版者

The Clay Science Society of Japan

雑誌

粘土科学 (ISSN:04706455)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.3, pp.157-164, 1994-12-30 (Released:2011-09-20)

参考文献数

13

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The morphology of the colloidal particles influences the properties of suspensions, particularly the viscosity and plasticity that seem to increase with the presence of platelike colloidal particles. Shear stress is calculated against shear rate in dilute clay-water suspensions on the basis of Simha's theory, which indicates that the rheological behavior ofplatelike particles is different from that of spherical particles. In the case of condensed suspensions, platelike particles are flocculated into some different associations, then the rheological behaviour of the suspensions becomes very complicated. Normarized orientational function is used to predict the properties of flocculated structure in the present report. Shear stress is simulated using the equation of total energy dissipation rate based on the Michael's theory.

著者

下山 晃

出版者

The Clay Science Society of Japan

雑誌

粘土科学 (ISSN:04706455)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.3, pp.93-101, 1981-10-20 (Released:2011-09-20)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

1

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Chemical evolution postulates the prebiotic formation of organic compounds and their accumulation as a necessary preamble to the appearance of life on the earth. Of the surface constituents on the primitive earth, clay minerals may have contributed to the process of chemical evolution because of their wide distribution in geological time and space and their strong affinity for organic compounds.The possible role of clay minerals in the different stages of chemical evolution may include 1) catalysis in the reaction of monomer synthesis from gaseous constituents of the primordal atmosphere, 2) adsorption of the monomers on their surface, providing a highly concentrated system with specific monomers, 3) dehydration-condensation in polymerization of the monomers to biologically important polymers, and 4) formation of organo-clay complexes through which some replicating systems may evolve. Of these roles, the monomer formation, adsorption, and polycondensation processes are discussed in this paper with particular emphasis on amino acids, peptides, and proteins.A simulation experiment of prebiotic amino acid formation produced both protein and non-protein amino acids and their racemic mixtures in the presence of montmorillonite. The role of the clay is to promote the formation of amino acids of greater carbon numbers. Adsorption experiments show that there is no selection of protein amino acids over non-protein ones by the clay. However, α-amino acids are less adsorbed than non-α-amino acids under neutral or acidic soluton pH. Neither of D-or L-enantiomers are adsorbed preferentially by the clay, although some reports claim that clay minerals (kaolinite and montmorillonite) can adsorb L-enantiomers selectively. Under fluctuating wet/dry cycles clay minerals can polymerize amino acids upto oligomers, acting probably as a dehydration-condensation agent. The interlayer surfaces and edges of clay minerals are unique areas for chemical evolution and should be investigated more in the study of prebiotic chemistry.

著者

歌田 実 清水 正明

出版者

The Clay Science Society of Japan

雑誌

粘土科学 (ISSN:04706455)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.1, pp.11-18, 1990-04-24 (Released:2011-09-20)

参考文献数

13

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In the Izu Peninsula, central Japan, seventeen species of zeolites mainly occur in volcanic rocks and volcaniclastic sediments of Miocece to Pleistocene in age. Pervasive zeolites are wairakite, laumontite, heulandite, stilbite, and chabazite and minor are yugawaralite, scolecite, epistilbite. They occur in veins, fractures and druses and are zonally distributed in hydrothermal alteration zones trending NW-SE and NE-SW.Na-zeolites such as clinoptilolite, mordenite, analcime and ferrierite mainly replace vitric materials in volcaniclastic sediments. They were probably formed by thermal effects of magma which intruded at very shallow places during Pliocene to Pleistocene age.There are few localities of fibrous zeolites such as natrolite, mesolite, and thomsollite.

著者

関根 知子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本粘土学会

雑誌

粘土科学 (ISSN:04706455)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.1, pp.1-8, 2015-08-21 (Released:2017-06-22)

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Liquid paraffin was added to 3 kinds of smectite dispersions containing different amount of salt to prepare emulsions. Stable emulsions were obtained when the smectite particles aggregated to make the dispersions turbid or almost were segregated with salt. Smectite and cationic cellulose were mixed and then the mixtures were investigated as salt tolerance thickener and emulsifier. The smectite-cationic polymer complex could act as thickener even if the complex dispersion contained 3 wt% of NaCl. The complex dispersion viscosity increased as the molecular weight of the added cationic polymer increased. Finer droplet emulsion was obtained with smectite-cationic cellulose complex containing 3wt% NaCl compared to the smectite emulsion.

著者

鶴田 康生 大久保 利長 小見山 登 吉田 募 上田 智 小泉 光恵

出版者

The Clay Science Society of Japan

雑誌

粘土科学 (ISSN:04706455)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.4, pp.153-159, 1981-12-25 (Released:2011-09-20)

参考文献数

5

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The softening effect of bentonite to cotton fabric was studied in relation to the cation exchange capacity and other characteristics.It could not decide any appreciable corelations between the softening effect andthe ation exchange capacity, speciific surface area, apparent viscocity and the composition of exchangeable cations. Cristobalite associated montmorillonites were adsorbed on to cotton fabric intensifying the softness to the touch.

著者

鈴木 正哉

出版者

一般社団法人 日本粘土学会

雑誌

粘土科学 (ISSN:04706455)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.2, pp.81-87, 2011

参考文献数

12