著者

菱山 幸宥 鏑木 裕 稲垣 道夫

出版者

炭素材料学会

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2011, no.249, pp.195-212, 2011-09-01 (Released:2011-09-22)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

1 2

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The relation of crystallinity and preferred orientation parameters to the magnetoresistance of carbon materials was examined. We derived the parameters for carbon samples having a planar orientation with the electric current flowing along the direction perpendicular to the orientation symmetry axis and for those having an axial orientation along the direction parallel to the orientation symmetry axis. On the basis of the magnetoresistance data on carbon materials, including pyrolytic carbons, carbon films, cokes, carbon fibers, etc., the formulae of orientation functions for planar and axial orientations were derived. The I3/I1 value derived from the orientation function is proposed as the parameter for preferred orientation in carbon materials, which changes in the range 0–2/3 for the planar orientation, 2/3 for random and point orientations and in the range 2/3–1 for the axial orientation. The parameter [Equation] shows a good correspondence to interlayer spacing d002 for all carbon materials used, which is useful to differentiate the crystallinity of highly graphitized materials.

著者

大谷 杉郎 小林 弘

出版者

THE CARBON SOCIETY OF JAPAN

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1967, no.51, pp.2-7, 1967-11-15 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

1

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In order to get some fundamental informations related to a mechanism of carbonization, pyrolysis of the mono- substituted benzene derivatives (benzene, toluene, chlorobenzene, nitrobenzene, aniline, anisole, benzyl alcohol, acetophenone, benzaldehyde and phenol) was studied by use of a flowing gas reactor at below 600°C.According to the initial temperature of decomposition, the thermal reactivities are arranged in the order as follow: ph-CHO>ph-OCH3>ph-NO2>ph-CH2OH>ph-COCH3 >benzene>ph-Cl>ph-NH2>ph-CH3>ph-OH. And the mechanism of the decomposition of the each derivative is suggested on the basis of the quantitative analysis of the products.

著者

野田 稲吉

出版者

炭素材料学会

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1977, no.90, pp.92-97, 1977-07-05 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

2

被引用文献数

1 2

著者

大島 龍司 山中 博 細見 暁

出版者

THE CARBON SOCIETY OF JAPAN

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2001, no.197, pp.88-91, 2001-05-15 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

1 1

---

Suh-micron diamond powder was heat-treated and its machining pert ormance wax tested in the texturing process or fixed disk blanks. Comparison indicated a significant increase of up to some 30% in stock rein al. as well as a reduction of 5% in surlacc roughness over the corresponding diamond as untreated. Such improvement can be related to the et lect s of an incrased friability and thus in number or edges available I or the stock removal process. Scratch marks, on the other hand. were essentially eliminated as a result of the deposition of non-diamond carbon on the surfaces of diamond particles, so much as to leave only edge projection tips uncvoered.

著者

岩下 哲雄

出版者

THE CARBON SOCIETY OF JAPAN

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2003, no.207, pp.78-86, 2003-05-15 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

3 3

---

X-ray dill faction technique, have widely been ftpplicd for crystal structure charactcniation of carbon materi-als and ga c useful information. Progresses, in computer. were remarkable. which made the measurement cI diffrac-tion intensities and their correction, on di fferent factors easier. It was pointed out, therefore, that the procedures for X-ray diffraction measurements, e to he revised so as to take into account of these progresses in computation. In the present paper, computer analysts of digital data of X-ray diffraction, for instance, determination of lattice constants and crystallite size of carbon materials (Gakushin method) using profile fitting technique and calculation of integral inten-sity in the case of estimation of graphititation degree P1 was reviewed. The measurement conditions to obtain a good digital diffraction data, the procedures of smoothing and intensity correction of diffraction profile were introduced.

著者

吉野 彰

出版者

炭素材料学会

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1999, no.186, pp.45-49, 1999

被引用文献数

3

---

Development of lithium ion battery is reviewed. Lithium ion battery has been used widely for note book personalcomputers, cellular phones and other applications. Annual sales amounts have reached to about 200 billion yens in 19<BR>This new battery system was found in 1984 by Asahi Chemical Co. Extensive work has been carried out to improvecarbonaceous material for negative electrode.<BR>By this improvement, discharge capacity of lithium ion battery (Cylindrical Type 18650) has been increasedfrom 920mAh to 1600mAh in these 5 years. Future trend of technology is also reviewed.

著者

大谷 杉郎

出版者

炭素材料学会

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1970, no.61, pp.60-68, 1970-06-30 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

2 3

著者

安田 榮一 木村 脩七

出版者

炭素材料学会

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1983, no.115, pp.196-208, 1983-11-01 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

108

被引用文献数

1 2

著者

葛巻 徹

出版者

THE CARBON SOCIETY OF JAPAN

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2002, no.204, pp.192-199, 2002-10-07 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

23

著者

奥達 雄輝 馬場 信一

出版者

THE CARBON SOCIETY OF JAPAN

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2002, no.202, pp.90-95, 2002-05-15 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

3

著者

大谷 杉郎 子洪 〓 太田 悦郎

出版者

炭素材料学会

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1986, no.127, pp.162-170, 1986

被引用文献数

6

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Thermosetting resins named COPNA resin were prepared by heating polycondenced armotic compounds (Aro) with 1, 4-benzenedimethanol (PXG) and p-toluensulfonic acid as a catalyst. Aro used were pyrene/phenanthrene (7/3 in molar ratio) mixture (PP), napth-alene and coal-tar pitch. The COPNA resins were heat-treated between 200 and 2500&deg;C to examine their carbonization behaviors. Major/results obtained are:<BR>(1) The COPNA resins derived from PP or naphtalene with an amount of PXG above 1.0 in PXG/Aro molar ratio decomposed first thermally around 450&deg;C. Thus, the methylene bridges in the COPNA resins were broken down around 450&deg;C. The pitch-based COPNA resin exhibited the weight loss over a wider temperature range.<BR>(2) Carbon yields from the COPNA resins increased with both increasing, molecular weight of raw Aro and the cross-linkage density. They were 38 and 60 wt% for the naphthalene (PXG/Aro=1.25 in molar ratio) based-and the pitch (PXG/Aro=2.0 in molar ratio) based-COPNA resins respectively. The PP-based one showed an intermediate value between them.<BR>(3) The COPNA resins after heating to 2500&deg;C gave X-ray parameters corresponding to those for the non-graphitizable carbon. hitizability of those resins improved with the increasing molecular weight of Aro and/or the decreasing molecular ratio of PXG/Aro.

著者

中原 乾二

出版者

炭素材料学会

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1964, no.38, pp.6-8, 1964-06-25 (Released:2010-06-28)

著者

淺田 英直 和田 光雄 古澤 敏雄

出版者

炭素材料学会

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.3, pp.104-117, 1954-10-01 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

34

著者

阿久 沢昇 南部 隼外 萩原 学 千綿 司雄 岡本 龍也 今川 博

出版者

THE CARBON SOCIETY OF JAPAN

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2008, no.233, pp.119-123, 2008

被引用文献数

5

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The resistivity of graphite cathode in alumina molten salt was determined along with electrolysis at 945°C. The resistivity decreased monotonically with the progress of the electrolysis and finally reached to a steady value. For HTT-2000 cathode graphite, the steady value was about 70% of that of the original one before electrolysis. The resistivity turned to increase from the steady value just after interruption of the electrolysis current. A characteristic 2-step curve was observed in the resistivity vs. time plot. It increased fairly steeply at first and then became almost constant at a value corresponding to 87-88 % of that of the original value. The resistivity again increased after the plateau and finally returned to the original value. Several experiments including SEM and X-ray diffraction measurements showed that the resistivity change is closely related to the intercalation and de-intercalation of sodium. For HTT-2400 and -2800 cathode graphite, sodium concentration fixed in the matrix after electrolysis was less than that of HTT-2000.

著者

淡路 英夫 佐藤 千之助

出版者

炭素材料学会

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1981, no.105, pp.52-59, 1981-04-25 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

37

著者

佐藤 慶明

出版者

THE CARBON SOCIETY OF JAPAN

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2014, no.261, pp.29-31, 2014

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<i>sp</i>²炭素の2次元ハニカムネットワーク構造をもつグラフェンは,その特異的な π 電子物性が注目されるとともに,現在のナノ物性科学の重要な一端を担っている。特に,原子1層の厚さしかないグラフェンでは,表面に吸着した分子がグラフェンの π 電子状態を大きく変調させるゲスト種として働き,電子輸送特性など様々な電子物性の変化が顕れる。したがって,表面分子・グラフェン間に働くホスト–ゲスト相互作用のメカニズムを理解し制御することが重要となる。本学位論文では,ゲスト種として弱い電子アクセプターとしての性質と,三重項(<i>S</i>=1)磁性を併せ持つ酸素分子に着目した。グラフェンFET (Field-Effect Transistor)デバイスにおける電子輸送特性の測定実験を通して酸素吸着効果を系統的に検証し,圧力・温度条件による酸素吸着構造の変化に応じた,様々な電子的・磁気的変調効果がグラフェン電子物性に顕れることを明らかにした。また,吸着現象もグラフェンの電子状態の影響を強く受けており,外部電場等によりグラフェンの電子密度を変調させることで,酸素吸着の挙動を制御可能であることを示した。<br>本学位論文は全6章から構成されている。第1章で本研究の背景,目的,意義を述べた後,第2章で電子輸送ならびに電荷移動反応過程の考察に必要な理論的枠組みを提供した。第3章ではグラフェン電子輸送特性に対する室温下酸素吸着効果を電子散乱・電荷移動の2点に着目して議論した。電荷移動活性のフェルミ準位依存性を反映した酸素吸着挙動変化が観測されたことを踏まえ,電気化学反応機構の知見をベースとしたグラフェン上吸着キネティクスの理論的モデル構築を行い,グラフェン等の低次元物質に対する吸着の特殊性について指摘した。第4章では第3章の結果を発展させ,グラフェンをデバイス化したときに問題となる電荷分布の空間的不均一性が室温化学吸着に与える影響について実験・理論両側面から議論し,吸着分子の空間分布制御の可能性を示唆した。第5章では,液体窒素温度以下での低温における酸素吸着(物理吸着)効果について述べ,観測された異常な磁気抵抗振動と,グラフェン伝導電子–吸着固体酸素2次元スピン格子構造間の磁気的相互作用の関連について記述した。第6章では本研究における成果をまとめ,今後の展望について述べた。本稿では,学位論文の主要部である第3章から第5章にかけて説明する。

著者

脇坂 博之 三宅 肇 河原 豊

出版者

THE CARBON SOCIETY OF JAPAN

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2006, no.224, pp.272-275, 2006-09-01 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

3 6

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Microporous carbons were produced by carbonizing and activating bamboo (phyllostachys heterocycla). Carbon dioxide was used as an activating agent. Also the activated carbons were produced using bamboo carbons with less potassium fractions. The potassium fractions are mainly distributing in the middle lamella that connects the adjacent cell walls of bamboo. The micropore distribution became sharper for the carbon produced using bamboo carbon with smaller potassium fractions and controlling the yield of activated carbon no less than 70%. It seems that potassium fractions in the middle lamella will accelerate the activation reaction, and then the micropore distribution tends to be broader when the activation reaction reaches the middle lamella.

著者

川村 和郎 天利 光宜 有賀 敦

出版者

THE CARBON SOCIETY OF JAPAN

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1999, no.188, pp.133-137, 1999-07-30 (Released:2011-03-01)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

1 2

---

Carbonization behavior and density dependence of bending strength were observed onwoods and resin-impregnated woods through heat treament. Soft and hard woods were selected as the samples to which furfuryl alcohol resin was applied. The bending strength of woods were the lowest at heat treatment temperature (HTT) of around 400·Z, which was the same tendency as that for furfuryl alcohol resin. The resin impregnation did not make bending strength increase but volume shrinkage reduce. The relationship, σ=apn was recognized between the bending strength (σ) and the bulk density (p) at each HTT for all the woods examined. Also, the relationship, σ =bpm existed for each wood heat-treated at various HTTs. The exponents n and m were estimated 1.3 and 8.5, respectively. The factors a and b were dependent on HTT.

著者

山田 能生 稲垣 道夫

出版者

炭素材料学会

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1997, no.178, pp.122-127, 1997-07-30 (Released:2011-07-05)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

1 7

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Synthesis and structure of carbyne were reviewed. Its synthesis was classified into physical and chemical methods. The relations to other carbon allotropes, diamond, graphite and fullerens were also discussed.

著者

山口 祥司

出版者

炭素材料学会

雑誌

炭素 (ISSN:03715345)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1999, no.186, pp.39-44, 1999-02-28 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

47

被引用文献数

1 5

---

Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) films play an important role in lithium ion battery. SEI films form ongraphite anode surfaces during early lithium intercalation process. SEI films prevent further solvent decompositionduring charge and discharge in the battery. Morphological study of SEI film formation is very important to understandthe function of SEI film in lithium ion battery system. Simultaneous in-situ electrochemical Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Friction Force Microscopy (FFM) were successfully introduced to monitor SEI film formation in realtime. Topographic and frictional changes on the surface of a Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite (HOPG) electrodein 1 mol/dm3 LiClO4 EC/EMC (1:1) electrolyte were examined during charge and discharge. SEI film formationcommenced at approximately 2V vs. Li/Li+ and stable film formation with an island-like morphology was observedbelow approximately 0.9V vs. Li/Li+. Further experiments on a composite electrode made of synthetic graphite powderand polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) binder showed similar phenomena.