- 著者
-
前川 道郎
- 出版者
- 一般社団法人日本建築学会
- 雑誌
- 日本建築学会計画系論文報告集 (ISSN:09108017)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- no.359, pp.135-144, 1986-01-30
I have carefully scrutinized literary works of the 12th and 13th century hilosophers-DIDASCALICON by Hugh of St. -Victor, DE ANIMAE EXSILIO ET PATRIA by Honorius of Autun, DE REDUCTIONE ARTlUM AD THEOLOGIAM by St. Bonaventure, and DE DIVISIONE PHILOSOPHIAE by Dominicus Gundissalinus-in view of the classification of philosophy, science or discipline, and the orientation of MECHANICA and ARCHITECTONICA therein. In Hugh's work, MECHANICA which includes ARCHITECTONICA and six other sciences, is classified as one of four main disciplines (three others are THEORICA, PRACTICA and LOGICA) which contain traditional seven liberal arts. On the other hand, Honorius considered MECHANICA as one of ten liberal arts, which means that MECHANICA is nothing but a discipline (Wissenschaft). Thus, from 12 th century on, which is the end of Romanesque Era and the dawn of Gothic, MECHANICA and ARCHITECTONICA recovered, it seems, the ancient Greek and Roman significance of RATIOCINATIO as compared with FABLICA. 13th century, which is a century of splendid Gothic cathedrals, is also a century of preeminent architect-mastermasons. They are sometimes compared to and with high clergies and scholastic masters, as were Pierre de Montreuil and Hugh Libergier done. The fact that Gothic architects are a sort of scholars who had mastered the discipline-science which is now called architecture, is ascertained by these works of eminent philosophers in the Middle Ages.