著者

古賀 敬太

出版者

大阪国際大学

雑誌

国際研究論叢 = OIU journal of international studies : 大阪国際大学・大阪国際大学短期大学部紀要 (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.1, pp.21-42, 2021-10

---

Kanzo Uchimura (1861-1930) was a representative Japanese Christian whoexerted great influence on modern Japanese Christian history. This articlerefers to the Lese Majesty Incident in which Uchimura was prominentlyinvolved. This important affair symbolized the collision between Japanesenational polity, kokutai, and Christianity, and resulted in the persecution ofChristianity. The incident happened because Uchimura rejected the worshipspecified in the Imperial Rescript on Education, causing a dispute over thecompatibility of Christianity and national education based on the rescript, orkokutai. Tetsujirou Inoue (1856-1944), a famous Tokyo Imperial Universityprofessor, attacked Uchimura and Christianity by publishing a series of articlesnamed Collision between Education and Religion. In response to this criticism, Tokio Yokoi, of the Kumamoto faction, MasahisaUemura, from Yokohama and Uchimura who came from Sapporo, refutedInoue's thesis from their own standpoints. This article tries to clarify Uchimuraand Uemura's standpoint on the one side and the problematic standpoint of theKumamoto faction on the other, and point out two different responses withinChristianity concerning the relationship between Chistianity and kokutai. Also we must remember that this difference is closely connected withtheological issues, that is: orthodox theology as distinct from liberal theology. Wewill deal with this issue in the next article: Kanzo Uchimura and His Time( 2) -Theological issues.

著者

橋本 義郎 玉井 久実代 木村 全邦 ハシモト ヨシロウ タマイ クミヨ キムラ マサクニ Hashimoto Yoshiro Tamai Kumiyo Kimura Masakuni

出版者

大阪国際大学

雑誌

国際研究論叢 = OIU journal of international studies : 大阪国際大学・大阪国際大学短期大学部紀要 (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.3, pp.47-63, 2015-03

---

In order to find out how an eco-tour in a primeval forest affects the stress levels, perceived physical condition and feelings of the participants, the authors implemented an experimental tour in Suigenchinomori, a primeval forest in Kawakami Village in Nara Prefecture. Results indicated changes in the participants' stress levels and subjective physical condition through the course of the tour. The stress levels of the participants increased on average while their perceived physical condition and feelings became better during the tour as a whole. This means that the average perceived physical condition and feeling at the second and the third measuring points were better than at the first measuring point at the beginning of the tour. Examining the changes between the three measuring points in detail, for individuals, the following facts were found. (1) Between the first and second points, 12 participants out of 14 felt better. And one stayed at the highest point on the measuring scale. One participant felt worse. Physical condition also became better in 12 participants, worse in one, and stayed at the highest point of the scale in another. (2) Between the second and the third points, feelings became worse in 11 participants and in the other three stayed at the same level. Physical condition became better in half of the participants and stayed at the same level in the other half.

著者

松村 史紀

出版者

大阪国際大学

雑誌

国際研究論叢 (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.2, pp.129-145, 2011-01

---

After the end of the Second World War, the Soviet Union temporarily maintained the "postwar international order" which aimed to establish peaceful cooperation between the victorious powers and to prevent the defeated nations from restoring their military power. The Sino-Soviet alliance of 1945 was established to embody the order. Instead of analyzing the order, however, previous research merely claims that the Sino-Soviet alliance was unequal because the Soviet Union secured interests in some ports and railways in Northeast China in the treaty. This paper argues that Moscow defended such interests by employing the logic of the "postwar international order". To begin with, this study examines the role of national security and ideology in Soviet foreign policy. Next, the historical process in which Moscow gradually altered their policy from postwar peaceful cooperation to the Cold War strategy is studied. Lastly, this paper argues at length that the Soviets managed to secure their interests in the Sino-Soviet alliance by referring to the logic of the "postwar international order:" victorious powers (the Soviet Union and China) shall cooperatively prevent the defeated nation (Japan) from restoring their military power.

著者

有田 亘

出版者

大阪国際大学

雑誌

国際研究論叢 = OIU journal of international studies : 大阪国際大学・大阪国際大学短期大学部紀要 (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.3, pp.57-67, 2021-03

---

This article re-examines the strong effects theory, a popular theory in mass media studies. First of all, there is the theory of bullet effect, typified by Cantril's research on Orson Welles' The Invasion from Mars. However, this has been questioned and controversy continues to this day. But in the first place, Cantril did not advocate bullet theory, nor was the Martian Riot intended by the radio station to panic people. Furthermore, the Martian invasion Riot itself was fake news. Some kinds of hoaxes and also demythologization spread readily according to the media effects theory. In this paper, an overview of this is given and it is suggested that it would be better to reposition the media effects theory, which has been conducted as part of Media Studies, into the category of rumor studies. In that sense, it is argued that it may be possible to reconsider it as message theory rather than media theory.

著者

Knigge Volkhard 柴嵜 雅子

出版者

大阪国際大学

雑誌

国際研究論叢 (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.3, pp.149-164, 2008-03

著者

ラーディゲス テレーゼ フォン 鎌野 多美子 Tamiko Kamano

出版者

大阪国際大学

雑誌

国際研究論叢 = OIU journal of international studies : 大阪国際大学・大阪国際大学短期大学部紀要 (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.1, pp.121-141, 2014-10

著者

ラーディゲス テレーゼ フォン 鎌野 多美子 Tamiko Kamano

出版者

大阪国際大学

雑誌

国際研究論叢 = OIU journal of international studies : 大阪国際大学・大阪国際大学短期大学部紀要 (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.3, pp.199-221, 2014-03

著者

東野 裕人 ヒガシノ ヒロト Higashino Hiroto

出版者

大阪国際大学

雑誌

国際研究論叢 = OIU journal of international studies : 大阪国際大学・大阪国際大学短期大学部紀要 (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.3, pp.97-107, 2017-03

---

I have analyzed the 1985 Plaza Accord as the main cause of the Japanese bubble economy of the late 1980s in the previous paper. However, this analysis might be too simplistic unless a close examination of land prices before the Plaza Accord is taken into account, because the prices had already risen before 1985. The sharp rise in land prices preceded the depression due to the yen appreciation after 1985 and to a series of reductions in the official discount rate after 1986. Thus, this essay discusses the rise in land prices and the land policy leading to this rise during the Nakasone administration in an attempt to offer a unique perspective on the Plaza Accord and the bubble economy by evaluating the land policy of the administration.

著者

東野 裕人 ヒガシノ ヒロト Higashino Hiroto

出版者

大阪国際大学

雑誌

国際研究論叢 = OIU journal of international studies : 大阪国際大学・大阪国際大学短期大学部紀要 (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.1, pp.19-32, 2015-10

---

This essay analyzes the Plaza Accord of 1985 as the main cause of the Japanese bubble economy of the late 1980s. Firstly, the U.S. economy during the first period of Reagan era is discussed and the balance of payments issue is reviewed utilizing economic theory. Secondly, the Plaza Accord as a means to fix the trade imbalance between the U.S. and Japan is examined, both in terms of the policy formulation process and economic theory. Lastly, a comprehensive evaluation of the agreement, which used to be called an origin of the economic defeat of Japan, is made. Analyzing the trade imbalance issue within the framework of economic theory helps to suggest that the actual approach taken to fix the trade issue was politicized in defiance of economic considerations throughout. Some recollections of the participants are also utilized to look back on the bubble economy and the long decline of Japan's economy after its bursting.

著者

古賀 敬太

出版者

大阪国際大学

雑誌

国際研究論叢 = OIU journal of international studies : 大阪国際大学・大阪国際大学短期大学部紀要 (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.1, pp.1-24, 2017-10

著者

有田 亘

出版者

大阪国際大学

雑誌

国際研究論叢 : 大阪国際大学紀要 (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.3, pp.1-20, 2013-03

---

Many clothing styles of young Japanese women are driven by a desire to make themselves "look cute". However, girls dressed in the Lolita fashion, which is characterized by feverishly pursuing dollish or princess-like girly "cuteness" (kawaii), seldom show any interest in being looked at as "me in a cute dress." These are gestures to block other people's eyes. And at the same time, they do not hide their great pleasure in seeing "lovely dressed girls" rather than being seen as lovely girls. For them, wearing Lolita fashion seems to have become a means not to "see" lovely things, but to "be seen as lovely". Japanese culture is often classified as a "shame culture," in which an aspect of "see or to be seen as" something is accompanied by cultural and political asymmetry between men and women or an aspect of being too much concerned about people's eyes, as if suffering from scoptophobia. In these girls' unique fashion, we might be able to find a possibility of transformational subversion against such conservative attitudes. Using interviews, we would like to examine this phenomenon from the viewpoint of media theory.

著者

小寺 初世子

出版者

大阪国際大学

雑誌

国際研究論叢 (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.45-70, 2000-03

著者

柴嵜 雅子 Masako Shibasaki

出版者

大阪国際大学

雑誌

国際研究論叢 = OIU journal of international studies : 大阪国際大学・大阪国際大学短期大学部紀要 (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.1, pp.99-112, 2018-10

---

Animal advocates are divided on the understanding of the position of humanity in the world; rightists regard Homo sapiens just as one species in the animal kingdom, whereas welfarists maintain that humans stand at the pinnacle of the hierarchy of life. This paper aims to offer some arguments against the latter view. First, the concept of human supremacy is based on Judeo-Christian values,which despite their long tradition in Western society, are not universal and can be seen as preposterous in other cultural settings such as premodern Japan. Second, some welfarists assume that denying humans a special status degrades human dignity and undermines universal human rights. However,as the histories of colonialism, slavery and racism in Christian countries have demonstrated, human exceptionalism does not guarantee that the rights of every person will be protected. Third, our anthropocentric practices have already started to endanger the very survival of humanity on this planet.

著者

久野 潤

出版者

大阪国際大学

雑誌

国際研究論叢 : 大阪国際大学紀要 (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.2, pp.45-57, 2013-01-31

---

The opinions and discourse of intellectuals during the Sino-Japanese conflict from 1937 had a great effect on the construction of theories favoring escalation of the conflict. Many liberal intellectuals were involved in drafting important national policies while Fumimaro Konoe was premier and some such groups even attempted to promote socialism; influencing public opinion to approve of the war and distancing Japan from the US and UK. Eijiro Kawai was a typical liberal intellectual, but unique in that he approved of the war against China, especially the Communist Chinese, advocated parliamentarianism, and also viewed Comintern as a threat. His advocacy was never wavering or ad-hoc, but based on a reasoned awareness of crisis and understanding of the international situation.

著者

柴嵜 雅子

出版者

大阪国際大学

雑誌

国際研究論叢 : 大阪国際大学紀要 (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.1, pp.11-24, 2009-10-31

---

At the 50th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz, Eva Kor, a former subject of Mengele's experiments, declared that she would forgive all Nazis. This statement has stirred outrage among many Holocaust survivors. In order to review her intent, this paper first clarifies the meanings of forgiveness in general, referring to the latest philosophical and psychological studies. The second chapter examines some comments on Simon Wiesenthal's "The Sunflower" which poses a conundrum about whether we should forgive a dying remorseful Nazi. The opinions of those like the Dalai Lama and Desmond Tutu, based on the Buddhist weltanschauung and the African concept of "ubuntu" respectively, introduce us to a new dimension for forgiving criminals of heinous atrocities. The third chapter analyzes Kor's proposal to heal both victims and perpetrators of the genocide, which proves to be in line with restorative justice.

著者

高田 英樹

出版者

大阪国際大学

雑誌

国際研究論叢 : 大阪国際大学紀要 (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.3, pp.131-151, 2010-03-31

著者

有田 亘 アリタ ワタル Arita Wataru

出版者

大阪国際大学

雑誌

国際研究論叢 = OIU journal of international studies : 大阪国際大学・大阪国際大学短期大学部紀要 (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.3, pp.85-95, 2016-03

---

Is Edward Said's concept of "contrapuntal reading" good enough in practice, but not in theory? In order to solve this problem, we consider the discussion of T.W. Adorno "Beethoven's Late Style" in Said's On Late Style. At the same time, we compare it with "On Fidelio" of "Cosi fan tutte at the Limits," also by Said. Because of this comparison, we consult the playing style of the pianists V. Afanassiev and I. Pogorelich. However, this paper is intended to use the idea of classical music for social epistemology. In order to lead us to understand this, we refer to Slavoj Žižek "Against the Populist Temptation : Ode to Joy and the Turkish March."

著者

清水 泰生 シミズ ヤスオ Shimizu Yasuo

出版者

大阪国際大学

雑誌

国際研究論叢 = OIU journal of international studies : 大阪国際大学・大阪国際大学短期大学部紀要 (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.2, pp.91-103, 2017-01

---

Haruki Murakami is a novelist who also competes in triathlons and marathons. How has his running affected him and his literary work? Furthermore, has he read any books about running that offer interesting viewpoints? In addition, how does he train? For this report, I considered works that feature in printed media, such as interviews, essays and other texts. Since many novelists do not participate in sports, Murakami was regarded as a heretic and received continuous criticism. He fought for people who were criticized all the time. It may be said that he is an atypical runner, and is therefore isolated. Also, it can be seen from the Murakami works that literary language and rhythm are important attributes. As well as music, running must affect the form of writing immensely. Additionally, there is the theoretical question about his training, but it may be said that his original training has helped him form a writing style.

著者

柴嵜 雅子 シバサキ マサコ Masako Shibasaki

出版者

大阪国際大学

雑誌

国際研究論叢 = OIU journal of international studies : 大阪国際大学・大阪国際大学短期大学部紀要 (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.1, pp.59-72, 2013-10

---

The eugenics movement that flourished in the early twentieth century is now denounced as morally wrong, whereas the liberal eugenics of today is endorsed by some ethicists because it is based on the decisions of parents and free from coercion. Both these views are based on the reproductive rights of parents. This paper aims to shed a new light on the two types of eugenics by taking account of the child's right to an open future. First I illustrate that the forced sterilization of the past had an aspect of protecting children from disease or abuse that might be inflicted on them by their parents. Second, I argue that whereas the old eugenics did not harm offspring, the new one can be detrimental to children whose lives are restricted by traits imposed on them by their parents.

著者

奥 正嗣 オク マサツグ Oku Masatsugu

出版者

大阪国際大学

雑誌

国際研究論叢 = OIU journal of international studies : 大阪国際大学・大阪国際大学短期大学部紀要 (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.1, pp.33-49, 2015-10

---

This paper examines Austria Republic under the Control of the Allied powers. In April 1945, Austria was released from Hitler-Nazis, and got under the Control of the Allied powers. Under various restrictions of the Allied powers, Austrian political parties, provisional central government, and provisional local government played an important part in the reconstruction and democratization of Austria. Austrian provisional central government enacted the Provisional Constitution of 1945, which declared Austria as a legislative-and administrative power combined, centralized, united State. After a while, federalism was restored by the amendment of the Provisional Constitution. In December 1945, the Federal Constitution of 1929 came into effect again, instead of the Provisional Constitution of 1945. In 1955, Austrian Republic recoverd the sovereignty completely, still more declared a permanently neutralized state..