著者

益山 新六 堀川 和夫 安原 諭

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.10, pp.533-537, 1964-10-20 (Released:2009-10-09)

参考文献数

21

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The aqueous citric acid solution was added into the vegetable oils (cotton seed oil, soya-been oil) and heated to 180°240°C, and analysed by paper-chromatography with chloroform-acetic acid-water solvent (volume ratio 30 : 15 : 1.2).Authors confirmed that citric acid is decomposed to citraconic anhydride through aconitic and itaconic acids by heating at 180°C for 30min. At 240°C, citric acid was disappeared after 10min heating and only small quantity of citraconic anhydride was detected after 30min heating. No citric acid was detected after 30min heating at the condition of deodorization for oil purification (210°C, 23mmHg, steam blowing).The stabilities were tested by A.O.M. for the oil added with citric acid before and after the deodorization. The A.O.M. stability was higher for the oil added the acid after the deodorization, and when it is added before, it is necessary to restrict the duration time of the deodorization within 30min because citraconic anhydride formed by the decomposition has no antioxidant effect.

著者

Hiroko Takumi Kazuko Kato Takayo Ohto-N. Hiroki Nakanishi Hiroshi Kamasaka Takashi Kuriki

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.12, pp.1707-1717, 2021 (Released:2021-12-03)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

8

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Oils and lipids are common food components and efficient sources of energy. Both the quantity and the quality of oils and lipids are important with regard to health and disease. Fatty acid ester of hydroxy fatty acid (FAHFA) is a novel lipid class that was discovered as an endogenous lipid; FAHFAs have shown anti-diabetic effects in a mammalian system. We analyzed the overall FAHFA composition in nut oils and other common oils: almond (raw, roasted), walnut, peanut, olive, palm, soybean, and rapeseed oils. We developed a method of liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-ESI/MS/MS) for a comprehensive target analysis of FAHFAs. The analysis revealed wide variation in the FAHFA profiles (15 compounds and 62 peaks). For 7-11 compounds of FAHFA, a total level of 8-29 pmol/mg oil was detected in nuts oils; for 11 compounds, 4.9 pmol/mg oil was detected in olive oil, and for 4-9 compounds, < 2 pmol/mg oil was detected in palm, soy, and rapeseed oils. The major FAHFAs were FAHFA 36:3, FAHFA 36:2, and FAHFA 36:4 in nut oil, FAHFA 36:2, FAHFA 34:1, and FAHFA 36:1 in olive oil, and FAHFA 32:1, FAHFA 34:0, FAHFA 36:0, and FAHFA 36:1 in all of the common oils. The composition of FAHFAs in nut oils is mainly unsaturated fatty acids, whereas those in olive oil are unsaturated fatty acids and saturated fatty acids. The composition of FAHFAs in common oils was mainly saturated fats. This is the first report to demonstrate the quality and quantity of the FAHFAs in the nut oils. Nuts have been described to be a great source of many nutrients and to be beneficial for our health. Our present findings comprise additional evidence that the intake of nuts in daily diets may prevent metabolic and inflammatory-based diseases.

著者

菊地 幹夫

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

日本油化学会誌 (ISSN:13418327)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.10, pp.1189-1199,1210, 1996-10-20 (Released:2009-11-10)

参考文献数

58

被引用文献数

4 2

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界面活性剤は家庭用合成洗剤の主要成分である。河川水中から何種類かの界面活性剤がしばしば検出されるため,これらの界面活性剤の水環境への影響が米国,ヨーロッパや日本で議論されてきた。この論文ではアニオン界面活性剤について,環境汚染のモニタリング,環境中での運命,急性毒性・慢性毒性・致死濃度以下での毒性と環境リスク評価についてレビューを行った。日本では家庭排水が十分には処理されていないために,報告された急性毒性と慢性毒性の値は河川水中のLASの濃度レベルの悪いほうのケースとオーバーラップし,十分に安全であるとは言えなかった。そのほかの界面活性剤の環境安全性については,河川での汚染濃度もまた慢性毒性データも不充分であることから,最近の研究を紹介するにとどめた。界面活性剤のライフサイクルアセスメントの事例も紹介した。

著者

Jose Antonio Fermin Jimenez Yayoi Miyagawa Hidefumi Yoshii Shuji Adachi

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.5, pp.633-635, 2021 (Released:2021-05-01)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

3

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The major polyunsaturated fatty acids in krill oil extracted from Euphausia pacifica, known as Isada on the Sanriku coast, are eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acid. A kinetic model was proposed to explain the relationship between the fractions of unoxidized EPA (Y E) and unoxidized DHA (Y D) in the oil spray-dried with maltodextrin and stored at 25, 50, and 70℃. The relationship between Y E and Y D during storage was independent of the temperature and could be expressed using the proposed model. This indicated that the oxidation of EPA and DHA in krill oil was interdependent.

著者

Yuki Manabe Takashi Hirata Tatsuya Sugawara

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.2, pp.149-158, 2019 (Released:2019-02-01)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

5 9

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Lipid rafts are microdomains present in the plasma membrane, which are enriched in sphingolipids and cholesterol. Certain kinases and adaptor proteins, which are important for cellular signaling, are also concentrated in lipid rafts. Several immunoreceptors are known to translocate into lipid rafts upon binding with their ligands to efficiently induce the signaling pathways, and hence, receptor translocation could be the new target for pleiotropic suppression of inflammatory responses. In this study, we evaluated the effects of carotenoids on ligand-induced lipid raft translocation of the receptors using B cell receptors (BCRs) as a model. Since all lipid raft-translocated BCRs were clustered at one pole of the cell, called capping, in our experimental condition, we screened the carotenoids for their inhibitory effect on lipid raft translocation of receptors using BCR capping as a parameter. Eleven out of twenty carotenoids significantly inhibited anti-IgM-induced BCR capping without cytotoxicity. Having no polar groups or a keto group at the C-8 position might be an important factor for inhibition. Treatment with lycopene, a non-polar carotenoid, and fucoxanthinol, a C-8-keto carotenoid, also suppressed lipopolysaccharide-induced translocation of Toll-like receptor 4 into lipid rafts, and subsequent nitric oxide production in RAW264 macrophages. These results indicated that some carotenoids, but not all, can modulate inflammatory responses via suppression of ligand-induced lipid raft translocation of immunoreceptors, and also showed that our assay using BCR capping has the potential for screening compounds that inhibit lipid raft translocation of receptors.

著者

Toshiaki Taira Yuki Ishizaki Shusei Yamamoto Kenichi Sakai Hideki Sakai Tomohiro Imura

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.12, pp.1223-1230, 2019 (Released:2019-12-01)

参考文献数

42

被引用文献数

1 1

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We report the synthesis of amphiphilic dodecenyl phosphonic acid PC12 from vinylphosphonic acid, a reactive phosphonic acid intermediate. The trans-P-C=C moiety enabled PC12 to disperse well in water. Surface tension and dynamic light scattering measurements revealed that PC12 exhibited high surface activity and reduced the surface tension of water from 72.0 to 23.6 mN/m, thereby resulting in the spontaneous formation of aggregates even in a dilute aqueous solution (critical aggregation concentration (CAC) = 4.8 × 10–4 M). In contrast to modern lipids with double-tailed structures, the PC12 of simple singletailed structure spontaneously formed bilayered vesicles, without an external energy supply. Compared with the strength of hydrogen bonds formed by the long, saturated alkyl chain of dodecyl phosphonic acid (DPA), the strength of PC12 intermolecular hydrogen bonds was weaker. The melting point of PC12 was approximately 20°C lower than that of DPA. These results indicate that the trans-P-C=C moiety was considerably important for spontaneous vesicle formation in water. Preliminary modeling of the morphological transitions of the closed bilayer structures in the vesicles was then conducted, by varying the pH and adding an α-helical peptide scaffold.

著者

Yujuan Li Shiyuan Wang Yizhou Xin Mengmeng Zheng Fangxue Xu Xiaozhi Xi Hui Cao Xiaowei Cui Hong Guo Chunchao Han

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.7, pp.789-800, 2018 (Released:2018-07-01)

参考文献数

110

被引用文献数

3

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Herbal cosmetics are the focus of attention nowadays, they have various therapeutics, including, anti-oxidant, anti-radiation, anti-aging, anti-inflammatory. Maca contains polysaccharides, phenolics, alkaloids, minerals and amino acids, which is said to suitable component for cosmetics due to the single action or synergy action. The review summarized the existed and potential therapeutic effects of maca ingredients in cosmetics. And compared to the marketed cosmetics, maca cosmetics have the merits of mild, low-toxicity and the clear relationship efficacy.

著者

松下 雪郎

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.1, pp.3-9, 1987-01-20 (Released:2009-11-10)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

2 1

著者

Makio Iwahashi Yasutoshi Kasahara

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.8, pp.443-448, 2007 (Released:2007-07-12)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

15 35

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Self-diffusion coefficients and viscosities for the saturated hydrocarbons having six carbon atoms such as hexane, 2-methylpentane (2MP), 3-methylpentane (3MP), 2,2-dimethylbutane (22DMB), 2,3-dimethylbutane (23DMB), methylcyclopentane (McP) and cyclohexane (cH) were measured at various constant temperatures; obtained results were discussed in connection with their molar volumes, molecular structures and thermodynamic properties. The values of self-diffusion coefficients as the microscopic property were inversely proportional to those of viscosities as the macroscopic property. The order of their viscosities was almost same to those of their melting temperatures and enthalpies of fusion, which reflect the attractive interactions among their molecules. On the other hand, the order of the self-diffusion coefficients inversely related to the order of the melting temperatures and the enthalpies of the fusion. Namely, the compound having the larger attractive interaction mostly shows the less mobility in its liquid state, e.g., cyclohexane (cH), having the largest attractive interaction and the smallest molar volume exhibits an extremely large viscosity and small self-diffusion coefficient comparing with other hydrocarbons. However, a significant exception was 22DMB, being most close to a sphere: In spite of the smallest attractive interaction and the largest molar volume of 22DMB in the all samples, it has the thirdly larger viscosity and the thirdly smaller self-diffusion coefficient. Consequently, the dynamical properties such as self-diffusion and viscosity for the saturated hydrocarbons are determined not only by their attractive interactions but also by their molecular structures.

著者

荒井 弘通

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.8, pp.491-500, 1978-08-20 (Released:2009-11-10)

参考文献数

90

被引用文献数

2 2

著者

Kazuaki Yoshinaga

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.1, pp.1-9, 2021 (Released:2021-01-08)

参考文献数

52

被引用文献数

5

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The metabolism of fatty acids or triacylglycerol (TAG) is affected by their molecular structures. Several methods to separate and quantify TAG isomers in natural fats and oils were developed. For instance, an analytical method of TAG molecular species using a gas chromatograph-flame ionization detector and the analytical method to separate and quantify TAG positional isomers and enantiomers using a high performance liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer were established. Furthermore, using these analytical methods, the relationship between molecular structure and metabolism of fatty acid and TAG were investigated. Using the CO2 breath test in ddY mice revealed that saturated fatty acids such as palmitic acid bound to the sn-2 (β) position of TAG were highly catabolized in the presence of calcium, whereas saturated fatty acids bound to the sn-1, 3 (α) position of TAG were not well catabolized. Recently, the distribution of dietary fatty acids in the body were visualized by combining a stable isotope labeling technique with imaging mass spectrometry, which revealed that the administered arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acid accumulated as phospholipid in the mouse brain. The methods developed can assess food quality and create new functional foods.

著者

Kentaro Shoji Masao Yamasaki Hisato Kunitake

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.2, pp.143-151, 2020 (Released:2020-02-05)

参考文献数

48

被引用文献数

3

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Prevention of postprandial hypertriglyceridemia is an important consideration for reducing the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. While blueberry fruits have been reported to ameliorate lipid metabolism in humans, there are only few research reports on the effects of blueberry leaves (BL). Here, we investigated the efficacy of BL on postprandial hyperlipidemia in subjects with high fasting triacylglycerol (TG) concentrations. Randomized, double-blind, cross-over design study was conducted. The subjects consumed a BL containing beverage or a placebo beverage before a fat-enriched test meal. Blood samples were collected prior to and 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 hours after consuming the test beverage. The postprandial serum TG and remnant-like particle cholesterol (RLP-C) concentrations were significantly lower in the BL beverage compared with those in the placebo beverage. Additionally, BL was more effective in subjects with high fasting ghrelin with gastric emptying function. In current study, fasting ghrelin correlated with the increase in postprandial serum TG, suggesting that BL ameliorates hypertriglyceridemia through delayed gastric emptying. In conclusion, this pilot study suggests that BL may be useful as an early dietary therapy for treating postprandial hyperlipidemia.

著者

Nina Naquiah Ahmad Nizar Jalaldeen Mohamed Nazrim Marikkar Dzulkifly Mat Hashim

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.7, pp.459-464, 2013 (Released:2013-07-03)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

18 47

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A study was conducted to differentiate lard, chicken fat, beef fat and mutton fat using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Elemental Analyzer–Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry (EA-IRMS). The comparison of overall fatty acid data showed that lard and chicken fat share common characteristics by having palmitic, oleic and linoleic acid as major fatty acids while beef and mutton fats shared common characteristics by possessing palmitic, stearic and oleic acid as major fatty acids. The direct comparisons among the fatty acid data, therefore, may not be suitable for discrimination of different animal fats. When the fatty acid distributional data was subjected to Principle Component Analysis (PCA), it was demonstrated that stearic, oleic and linoleic acids as the most discriminating parameters in the clustering of animal fats into four subclasses. The bulk carbon analysis of animal fats using EA-IRMS showed that determination of the carbon isotope ratios (δ13C) would be a good indicator for discriminating lard, chicken fat, beef fat and mutton fat. This would lead to a faster and more efficient method to ascertain the source of origin of fats used in food products.

著者

木村 義晴

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.10, pp.748-753, 1987-10-20 (Released:2009-11-10)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

1

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Over the last twenty years, some hydrocarbon-utilizing microorgainisms have been found to produce emulsifying materials, namely, biosurfactants. Biosurfactants have certain structural characteristics which are not seen in industrial synthetic surfactants. Application of biosurfactants has been attempted in a wide variety fields, including the tertiary petroleum recovery, pollution-free removing agents, hydrocarbon fermentation, industrial surfactants, and so on. It is explained that a general outline on the current situation of research and development of these biosurfactants, according to the classification depending on the structures of their hydrophilic moieties. And, it is explained that results of our research and development on a sophorolipid, whose derivertive has found commercial utility as a skin moisturizer.

著者

寺尾 純二 長尾 昭彦

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

日本油化学会誌 (ISSN:13418327)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.10, pp.1075-1085,1199, 1999-10-20 (Released:2009-11-10)

参考文献数

74

被引用文献数

2 1

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食事中に含まれるカロテノイドは消化管から吸収され, 体内の各組織に蓄積することが知られている。しかし, その生理機能については, プロビタミンA活性以外は明らかではない。フリーラジカル捕捉や一重項酸素消去などカロテノイドの抗酸化作用はよく研究されている。しかし, この抗酸化活性が生体内に存在する抗酸化防御系にどの程度寄与するかは明確ではない。一方, 動物実験におけるカロテノイドの抗腫瘍効果は, 細胞増殖抑制や細胞分化誘導作用で説明される。また, 細胞間ギャップ結合を強めることもその抗腫瘍効果に関与する可能性がある。食事由来のカロテノイドの生理機能を評価するためには, その吸収と代謝を理解することが重要である。ビタミンA活性発現に必要な15, 15'-ジオキシゲナーゼは生体組織に広く分布し, 消化管からのカロテノイドの吸収は食事に含まれる共存物により大きく影響される。さらに, その代謝経路は, 酸化反応プロセスが示唆されているものの, まだ明らかにされていない。

著者

桜井 俊男

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.10, pp.850-854, 1982-10-20 (Released:2009-11-10)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

1 2

著者

曽根 敏麿

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.11, pp.775-782, 1969-11-20 (Released:2009-10-20)

参考文献数

32

著者

山村 隆治 下村 泰志

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

日本油化学会誌 (ISSN:13418327)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.5, pp.449-456,523, 1998-05-20 (Released:2009-11-10)

参考文献数

57

被引用文献数

2 2

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エイコサペンタエン酸 (EPA), ドコサヘキサエン酸 (DHA) やドコサペンタエン酸 (DPA) を含む高度不飽和脂肪酸 (PUFA) はその生理活性から機能性食品や医薬品として注目を浴びている。中でも医薬品原料として利用したり, またその機能を確認するためにはPUFAを高度に精製する必要がある。PUFAを高度に精製するためにこれまで多くの検討がなされEPAのように実用化されているものもある。しかしPUFAの種類や由来する原料により複雑な処理工程を必要とし, 必ずしも大規模精製が完成しているとは言えない。筆者らは, DHAとn-6ドコサペンタエン酸 (DPA) を高い含量で含む海生菌から得られたSingle Cell OilエチルエステルをODS充填カラムを用いた工業的規模での分取HPLCを行い, 分取クロマトだけで高度に分離・精製されたDHA-EとDPA-Eが得られる可能性を見いだした。

著者

大荒田 素子 宮沢 陽夫

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.6, pp.373-379, 1990-06-20 (Released:2009-10-16)

参考文献数

40

被引用文献数

4 6

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Among the oxidation products of edible fats and oils, lipid hydroperoxides and the low-molecular-weight compounds containing short-chain aldehydes such as 4-hydroxynonenal are absorbed from the intestinal wall and carried into the internal organs with oral administration to rodents. Oral intake of lipid hydroperoxides or the low-molecular-weight compounds causes significant cytotoxic damage to the lymphoid tissues. The DNA synthesis of thymocytes is remarkably depressed and lymphocyte necrosis is observed in the thymus and intestinal Peyer's patches. In these cases, the mitogenic response to concanavalin A of splenocytes is increased. With long-term (90 d) feeding of slightly autoxidized soybean oil (peroxide value ; 150 meq/kg) in mice, the same symptoms as those mentioned above are observed. These findings indicate that oral intake of rancid oils give significant effects on immunocompetent cells and causes depression of the DNA synthesis of thymocytes, which would be one of the major cause for impairing immunocompetent systems in animals.

著者

登本 登 草野 一仁

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.3, pp.108-113, 1967-03-20 (Released:2009-10-20)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

1 8

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The solubilities of carbon dioxide in soybean oil, olive oil and linseed oil, and those of nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen in soybean oil were measured at pressures ranging from 0.2 to about 1 atm. of gases and at temperatures between 30 and 70°C. In most cases, the solubility of gases in oils follows Henry's Law, that is, the solubility of gas increases linearly as the pressure of gas increases. Generally, the solubility of gas in oils decreases as the temperature increases, except for the case of oxygen. The solubility of oxygen at 70°C is as large as about twice compared with that of 30 or 50°C. This might be due to the reason that the oil is oxidized slightly by oxygen at higher temperatures.Another expression of the solubility of gas, the Bunsen's absorption coefficient may be calculated as the Henry's Law rules in every case. These coefficients are shown in Table-2. The temperature dependence of logarithms of the Bunsen's absorption coefficients enables the calculation of the differential heats of solution of gases. These values are listed in Table-3.Although the values of the differential heat of solution of carbon dioxide in fatty oils do not vary so greatly with the kind of fatty oils, it seems that the value depends either on the molar volume or on the iodine value of the fatty oils. The theoretical considerations based on the quasi-lattice model of the solution of gas in oil suggests that the effect of variation of the molar volume of fatty oils on the differential heat of solution of gas is negligibly small, and the effect of the iodine value is predominant.In spite of the low solubility of hydrogen in fatty oil, the differential heat of solution is larger than that of other gases.The viscosities of soybean oil under vaccum or at saturation with gas at a definte pressures were also measured. When carbon dioxide is dissolved in oil, the viscosity, or the flow out time of oil, decreases lineally as the amount of dissolved gas increases. But, when nitrogen is dessolved, the flow time of oil is somewhat longer than that under vaccum, slightly exceeding experimental errors. This might be partly due to the larger differential heat of solution of nitrogen than that of carbon dioxide.