著者
本間 謙吾 藤澤 貴央 一條 秀憲
出版者
公益社団法人 日本薬学会
雑誌
ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.54, no.7, pp.658-662, 2018 (Released:2018-07-01)
参考文献数
23
被引用文献数
1

亜鉛は非常に多くのタンパク質の適切な立体構造や活性の維持に必要であり、生体にとって重要な微量元素である。しかしながら、亜鉛が生理作用を発揮する詳しい分子機構や、亜鉛恒常性の維持機構については未解明な点が多く残されている。本稿では、亜鉛制御機構としての小胞体ストレス応答について紹介し、筆者らが研究を進めている筋萎縮性側索硬化症と亜鉛恒常性の破綻の関係について議論したい。
著者
圓谷 奈保美 本間 謙吾 西頭 英起 一條 秀憲
出版者
日本微量元素学会
雑誌
Biomedical Research on Trace Elements (ISSN:0916717X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.23, no.1, pp.14-23, 2012 (Released:2013-09-09)
参考文献数
79

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an adult-onset neurodegenerative disease characterized by the selective loss of upper and lower motoneurons. Approximately 10% of all ALS cases are genetically inherited, and a mutation in the Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) gene is thought to be a cause of motoneuron dysfunction. Importantly, the motoneuron toxicity appears to result from a toxic gain-of-function mutation in SOD1 and not from the loss of superoxide dismutase activity. Transgenic mice overexpressing several types of SOD1 mutant show the ALS-like phenotype and are widely accepted as animal models of ALS. However, no common toxic mechanism has been identified among these SOD1 mutants. Studies using autopsies of ALS patients or model mouse have suggested multiple causes of ALS including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, excitotoxicity, neurofilaments abnormality and protein aggregation. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress mediated motoneuron death is also suggested to be included in the pathogenesis of ALS. ALS-related mutant SOD1 evokes ER stress through the specific interaction with Derlin-1, a component of ER associated degradation (ERAD) machinery, leading to the subsequent motoneuron death. Zinc plays an important role in the function of nervous system and its dyshomeostasis is also thought to be one of the causes of ALS. In fact, zinc accumulation is observed in the brains and the spinal cords of mutant SOD1 transgenic mice. Moreover, zinc chelation extends the life span of these mise. There seems to be relationships between zinc dysregulation and several pathogenic processes of ALS. In this review, we will focus on the pathological role of ER stress and zinc in ALS.