著者
峰岸 真琴
出版者
The Linguistic Society of Japan
雑誌
言語研究 (ISSN:00243914)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1985, no.88, pp.41-67, 1985-12-25 (Released:2010-11-26)
参考文献数
12

This paper presents a brief description of Khmer dialects, especially of the phonological and phonetic varieties of some vowels.Transliteration for the modern Khmer orthography is given in section 1. According to its orthography, Khmer consonant letters are divided into two classes, so called ‘voiceless (aghosa)’ and ‘voiced (ghosa)’. On the other hand, each vowel symbol potentially stands for two vowel nuclei, one of which is chosen according to the initial consonant class, and in some cases, to both the initial and the final consonant letters.In section 2 are presented the phonological changes of standard Khmer vowels which are presumed from the orthography. That is, each vowel symbol originally stood for a vowel nucleus; however, the initial ‘voiceless’ and ‘voiced’ contrast exerted an influence on the following vowel nucleus, and later the vowel split into two nuclei (more than two, in some cases, conditioned by the final consonant letters). After that, certain contrasts of initial and final consonants were lost, and finally split vowels obtained the phonological contrast.This assumption, however, is not enough to explain all the phonological phenomena of the Khmer dialects. Section 3 deals with the varieties of modern Khmer dialects. The phonological data were collected by the author mostly in 1984 in Japan, and partly in 1982-3 in Thailand. Maps 2-6 show the phonological and phonetic variations of vowel nuclei. It is discussed that such dialectal variations as are seen in Maps 2-6 are interpreted as follows:All the dialects are derived from the former phonological state assumed from the orthography, because all vowel nuclei can be specified in terms of initial and final consonant letters and vowel symbols. If this is the case, dialectal differences are due to the regional phonological changes to simplify the vowel systems which have been too complex as a result of overwhelming vowel splits.
著者
益子 幸江 佐藤 大和 峰岸 真琴 降幡 正志 岡野 賢二
出版者
東京外国語大学
雑誌
基盤研究(C)
巻号頁・発行日
2011

本研究では、強調の機能をイントネーションがどのように表すことが可能かを、タイプの異なる複数の言語について、音響音声学的データに基づいて検討した。言語タイプとして、音の高低を用いる声調言語と高低アクセント言語、音の強弱を用いる強弱アクセント言語を取り上げた。声調言語ではイントネーションは通常は用いられないのに対し、他のタイプの言語ではイントネーションが用いられることがわかった。また、発話における声調のピッチパタンは声調ごとの典型的なパタンからの逸脱(調音結合)では説明できず、声調の組合せからなる形態統語論上の単位に付与される動的パタンと考えられることが明らかになった。