著者
國方 敏夫 河野 恵三 牛尾 慎平 福田 恵温
出版者
公益社団法人 日本薬学会
雑誌
YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.131, no.11, pp.1667-1674, 2011-11-01 (Released:2011-11-01)
参考文献数
30
被引用文献数
1 1

We previously reported that oral administration of NK-4, a criptocyanine dye, enhances interleukin (IL)-12-depend- ent interferon (IFN)-γ production by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse splenocytes. These findings raised a possibility that NK-4 potentiated IFN-γ production by T cells, natural killer (NK) cells or natural killer T (NKT) cells in response to IL-12 produced by macrophage and dendritic cells. To explore this possibility, we first analyzed percentages of T, NK or NKT cells in splenocytes of mice that were administered NK-4 orally for three days. The percentage of NKT cells in splenocytes from NK-4-treated mice was significantly (p<0.05) increased compared to vehicle-treated mice. When splenocytes were stimulated with α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer), an NKT cell ligand, IFN-γ production by splenocytes from NK-4-treated mice tended to increase, while no difference in the IL-4 production and proliferation were observed between the vehicle- and NK-4-treated mice. When IFN-γ/IL-4 ratios were calculated in individual mice, the ratios were significantly (p<0.05) elevated in NK-4-treated mice. Furthermore, IL-12 production by α-GalCer-stimulated splenocytes from NK-4-treated mice was also significantly (p<0.05) increased. These results suggest that oral administration of NK-4 increases the population of type I NKT cells with potent IFN-γ-producing activities. Since IL-12 and IFN-γ have been shown to play important roles in anti-tumor immunity as well as in the defence against bacterial infection, our results further imply that NK-4 may provide a potential therapeutic tool in cancer immunotherapy.
著者
乾 つぶら 島田 三恵子 早瀬 麻子 緒方 敏子 時本 秋江 保条 麻紀 新川 治子
出版者
一般社団法人 日本助産学会
雑誌
日本助産学会誌 (ISSN:09176357)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.22, no.2, pp.189-197, 2008 (Released:2009-05-20)
参考文献数
26
被引用文献数
1 2

目 的 妊娠末期から産後4ヶ月の母親の睡眠覚醒リズムの特徴と変化を明らかにする。対象と方法 同意を得た妊娠末期の妊婦57名を対象とし,このうち追跡調査できた産後1ヶ月47名,産後4ヶ月34名に縦断調査を行った。睡眠表に一日の睡眠と覚醒を30分毎に連続1週間の記録を依頼し,郵送法で回収した。夜間・昼間・総睡眠時間,最長睡眠時間とその開始時刻及び終了時刻,昼睡眠・総睡眠回数,中途覚醒時間とその回数,及び睡眠覚醒のリズム周期を検討した。結 果 総睡眠時間は妊娠末期7.79時間,産後1ヶ月6.73時間,産後4ヶ月6.91時間であり,夜睡眠時間は各々6.75時間,5.85時間,6.36時間であり,最長睡眠時間は6.39時間,3.46時間,4.13時間であり,いずれも時期による変動があった(p<0.001)。産後,これらの睡眠時間は妊娠末期よりも短縮した(p<0.01~0.001)。夜間の中途覚醒時間は妊娠末期0.42時間,産後1ヶ月1.70時間,産後4ヶ月1.14時間であり,中途覚醒回数は各々0.3回,1.7回,1.5回であり,いずれも時期による変動があった(p<0.001)。産後,中途覚醒は妊娠末期よりも増加した(p<0.001)。妊娠末期から産後4ヶ月は睡眠が分断されても,最長睡眠は0:22から6:50の時間帯にあり,睡眠覚醒のリズム周期は24.04~24.08時間であった。妊娠末期と産後4ヶ月では,最長睡眠時間とその入眠時刻との負の相関(p<0.001~0.05)がみられた。いずれの時期も入眠時刻と夜睡眠時間との負の相関があった(p<0.01~0.001)。結 論 妊娠末期から産後4ヶ月にかけて,総睡眠時間,夜間睡眠時間,および最長睡眠時間が減少し,夜間の中途覚醒が増加しても,最長睡眠時間は夜間にあり,睡眠覚醒のリズム周期は約24時間であることが明らかになった。また,妊娠末期と産後4ヶ月では最長睡眠の入眠時刻が早いほど最長睡眠時間は長いことが明らかにされた。
著者
方 敏
出版者
現代日本語研究会
雑誌
ことば (ISSN:03894878)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.41, pp.89-105, 2020-12-31 (Released:2020-12-31)
参考文献数
10

初対面や親しくない人と何を話せばいいか分からないという悩みを抱えている人が多い。この問題を解消するために、本研究では、日本人女子学生による初対面から4回目までの会話をもとに、初対面以降の会話における話題選択及びその変化を解明した。分析の結果、(1)初対面会話では、会話参加者の個性や組み合わせには関わらず、話題選択に高い共通性があった。(2)2回目以降の会話の話題選択は、初対面と比べ、会話参加者の関心に応じて多様性が見られた。また、初対面で回避されるプライバシーに関わる話題が取り上げられることも明らかになった。
著者
濱口 常男 鎌田 彩 村岡 玲子 倉本 美佳 中元 智子 志方 敏幸 門林 宗男
出版者
公益社団法人 日本薬学会
雑誌
YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.125, no.6, pp.525-530, 2005-06-01 (Released:2005-06-01)
参考文献数
8
被引用文献数
2 3

For the purpose of quality evaluation of magnesium oxide (MgO) tablets, we considered the dissolution test method with changes in the pH of the dissolution medium as an indicator and studied the elution behavior of MgO from commercial MgO tablets. We also studied the effects of particle size on the elution rate of MgO from MgO tablets. A dissolution test was carried out using the rotating basket method in 100 ml of the first fluid (pH 1.2). The stirring speed was set at 200 rpm. The elution behaviors of MgO from two products were markedly different. The medium pH for the sample MM (Magmit) tablet after 15 min reached 9.5 but that for ML (Maglax) tablet was 2.7 even after 60 min. The apparent solubility of MgO in 100 ml of the first fluid were, respectively, 175 mg and 100 mg when medium pH as 9.5 and 1.5. The low dissolution of ML tablets is thought to be due to the large particle size (average particle size r = 226 μm) or due to the effects of additives on elution. These results suggest that neutralizing activity after ingestion of MgO tablets and subsequent laxative effects may, when conditions after ingestion of MM tablets and after ingestion of ML tablets are compared, produce differences between them. We found that the dissolution test method with pH as an indicator is useful in assessing the dissolution behavior of MgO preparations.
著者
國方 敏夫 河野 恵三 牛尾 慎平 木村 英人 小川 智史 福田 恵温
出版者
日本生薬学会
雑誌
生薬學雜誌 (ISSN:13499114)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.65, no.1, pp.43-49, 2011-02-20

Polyphenolic compounds have been shown to have growth inhibitory action on Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). Previously, we demonstrated that seed shells of the Japanese horse chestnut (Aesculus turbinata BLUME) are rich in polymerized polyphenol compounds. In this study, we have examined the effects of polyphenolic compounds from the seed shells of the Japanese horse chestnut on adherence of H. pylori to MKN 45 cells, a human stomach cancer cell line. Polyphenolic compounds, which are composed of monomeric forms of (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin and polymeric proanthocyanidins, reportedly inhibited the colony formation of H. pylori on agar plates (minimal inhibitory concentration: 180μg/ml). Interestingly, the polyphenolic compounds also inhibited adherence of H. pylori to MKN 45 cells at concentrations that showed no growth inhibitory action on H. pylori. When the polyphenolic compounds were further fractionated by gel filtration chromatography depending on the degrees of polymerization, fractions including polymeric proanthocyanidins exhibited higher inhibitory effects compared with a fraction containing lower-molecular weight compounds. MKN 45 cells reportedly produced IL-8 spontaneously, and IL-8 production was increased by H. pylori infection. We found that polymeric proanthocyanidins significantly and dose-dependently reduced the H. pylori-induced IL-8 production as well as the spontaneous IL-8 production. Our results raise the possibility that polymeric proanthocyanidins contained in the seed shells of the Japanese horse chestnut may prevent infection and inflammatory responses by H. pylori.