著者
村上 文敏
出版者
Tokyo Geographical Society
雑誌
地学雑誌 (ISSN:0022135X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.106, no.1, pp.70-86, 1997-02-25 (Released:2009-11-12)
参考文献数
24
被引用文献数
6 6

Myojin Knoll Caldera is located on the broad volcanic edifice of Myojin Knoll and is one of the twelve calderas along the front of the Izu-Ogasawara (Bonin) Arc. The caldera floor is about 3×4 km in diameter and lies at a depth of about 1, 400 m.Myojin Knoll is composed of three acoustically defined stratigraphic units, 1A, 1B, and 1C. These are correlated respectively with three lithologic units : stratified volcanic breccia, massive volcanic breccia and rhyolitic lava. These same lithologies were observed during submersible dives using Shinkai 2000. The volume of these units making up Myojin Knoll is Unit1A, 17.5 km3; Unit 1B, 64 km3; and Unit 1C, 48.3 km3.The mean density of Myojin Knoll is about 1.84 g/cm3, based on the calculated volumes and assumed densities of Unit 1A, 1B, and 1C. Using this density for Bouguer corrections, there is neither a high nor a low Bouguer anomaly associated with the caldera. This pattern is more typical of anomalies associated with volcanic craters rather than with Krakatau-type calderas. Three dipole type magnetic anomalies have been recognized, one on the north caldera rim, another on the west rim, and a third on the central cone. The anomaliy associated with the central cone is small, reflecting its relatively small volume.Three mechanisms are suggested for the formation of the Myojin Knoll Caldera : (1) the caldera formed as a pumice cone, (2) it formed by collapse of the pre-caldera stratovolcano that formed Units 1B and 1C, and (3) it formed by the destruction of the pre-caldera stratovolcano as a result of the explosive eruption of the huge volume of pumice associated with Unit 1A. The gravity and magnetic data presented here suggest that the models of the pumice cone and the explosive destruction of the pre-caldera stratovolcano are preferable to the model of a collapsing stratovolcano.
著者
名和一成 村田泰章 駒澤 正夫 森尻 理恵 広島 俊男 牧野 雅彦 村上 文敏 岸本 清行 大熊 茂雄 志知 龍一
出版者
国立研究開発法人 産業技術総合研究所 地質調査総合センター
雑誌
地質調査研究報告 (ISSN:13464272)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.56, no.5-6, pp.183-208, 2005-08-15 (Released:2014-10-25)
参考文献数
41
被引用文献数
1 2

産総研地質調査総合センターでは,20 万分の1重力図の系統的整備を行っている.新たに測定したものを加えた陸域の重力データと,地質調査所GH83-1航海で測定した海域の重力データを統一的に処理・編集して,「宮崎地域重力図(ブーゲー異常)」を出版した.この重力図には,宮崎沖堆積盆地や九州外帯の屈曲構造に対応する長波長の異常や,人吉・小林・都城盆地に対応する短波長の異常が見られる.また,短波長を抽出したフィルター図では,宮崎平野下の負異常や,過去の研究でも指摘された宮崎平野北部と西部の高重力異常が確認できる.一方,九州山地にも高重力異常が分布するが,重力補正に用いた仮定密度と実際の山体の密度との差から生じる見かけのものである.このため,基盤構造推定に利用する際には,地形の影響を考慮する必要がある.
著者
井上 卓彦 村上 文敏 岡村 行信 池原 研
出版者
地震研究所
雑誌
東京大学地震研究所彙報 (ISSN:00408972)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.82, no.4, pp.301-312, 2007

The 2007 Noto Hanto Earthquake (MJMA 6.9) occurred on 25 March, 2007 at 37°13.2′N, 136°41.1′E, under the northwestern coast of Noto Peninsula, Ishikawa Prefecture. To clarify distribution and activity of active fault, a high-resolution multi-channel seismic survey was carried out in the source area using Boomer and a 12 channel streamer cable. Seismic profiles depict geologic structure up to 150 meters deep under sea floor. Sedimentary sequences ranging in age from Miocene to Holocene time are deformed by ENE-WSW to N-S trending folds and faults. The deformed sediments were truncated by erosional surfaces. The age of erosion is not clear in the offshore area, but the most remarkable erosion surface was formed at the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) age. The surface is covered by Holocene sediments up to 40m thick. A NW downthrown fault continues in the ENE-WSW direction for more than 21 kilometers. The fault cuts Neogene sediments, but the deformation in the Holocene sediments is recognized as flexure. The fault is located near the northern margin of the aftershock area of the 2007 earthquake, supporting that the fault is connected to the source fault of the 2007 earthquake. The deformations in the Holocene sediments increase downward, indicating that the fault slipped repeatedly during the period of Holocene time. Comparison between the 3.5kHz SBP profiles obtained in 1988 and twelve channel seismic profiles after the earthquake suggests that the deformation during the 2007 earthquake occurred on the seafloor along the fault.
著者
七山 太 村上 文敏
出版者
独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所
雑誌
基盤研究(C)
巻号頁・発行日
2008

1998年以来行われてきた北海道東部太平洋沿岸の巨大津波痕跡研究において,未だ不明確であった根室地域において,2008年6月,根室市西尾建設(株)の協力を得て,根室市南部沼中央の沿岸低地でメガトレンチを掘削し,過去5500年間に堆積した泥炭層中に16層の巨大津波堆積物の層序が確認された.翌2009年11月,第一産業(株)の協力を得て,南部沼西部,桂木採石場において,幅100mにも達するメガトレンチ断面における巨大津波堆積物の側方層相変化を観察することが出来た.2010年11月,我々はこれら2つのメガトレンチの側壁上面に地中レーダー探査測線を設定し,巨大津波堆積物の側方層相変化をイメージングすることを試み,その実用性を検討した.今回のGPR探査には Sensors & Software社のpulseEKKO100(200MHzアンテナ)とNoggin 250MHzを併用して行った.この際,観測点間隔はpulseEKKO100が0.25m,Noggin 250MHzが0.05mとした.探査深度は湿原環境の場合約6~8m以浅と限定されたが,記録の解像度は15-20cmと高く層相のイメージは可能となった.