著者

荻原 琢男 井戸田 陽子 木暮 悠美 原田 瞳 河合 妙子 矢野 健太郎 柿沼 千早 宮島 千尋 笠原 文善

出版者

日本毒性学会

雑誌

日本毒性学会学術年会 第41回日本毒性学会学術年会

巻号頁・発行日

pp.P-176, 2014 (Released:2014-08-26)

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【目的】アルギン酸(Alginic acid :Alg)は天然の藻類に含まれる多糖類であり,食品添加物や健康食品あるいは医薬品の原料として使用されている.また,そのナトリウム塩(Na-Alg)はストロンチウム(Sr)の体内取り込みを低減させる作用を有することが報告されている.しかしながらNa-Algの服用はナトリウムの過剰摂取に繋がる可能性があるため,Algの他の塩においても同様なSr吸収抑制効果が認められ,さらにSrに対してだけでなくセシウム(Cs)などの他の重金属においても同様な作用が認められれば,Algの有用性はさらに増すものと期待される.そこで本研究ではNa-Algおよびアルギン酸カルシウム(Ca-Alg)による重金属の吸収抑制および排泄促進効果を検討した.【方法】各種濃度のNa-Alg溶液に各種重金属の塩を加え,メンブレンフィルターを用いて遠心分離し,フィルター透過率を算出することによりNa-Algの重金属との吸着作用を検討した.また,ラットに通常飼料(control群)またはNa-AlgあるいはCa-Alg含有飼料を14日間与え,経時的に血漿中SrまたはCs濃度を測定し,その排泄促進効果を検討した.さらに,これらの飼料を14日間与えたラットにSrまたはCsの溶液を経口投与し,経時的に血漿中のSrまたはCs濃度を測定し,吸収抑制効果を検討した.加えて,同様に14日間飼育したラットの生化学検査および病理解剖を行い,各種血中パラメータおよび主要臓器への影響を観察し,安全性を評価した.【結果・考察】in vitroの検討において,Na-Algはその濃度依存的に各種重金属を吸着した.またラットにNa-AlgまたはCa-Alg含有飼料を与えたところ,control群と比較して血中のSr濃度は徐々に低下したが,Csの濃度はCa-Alg投与群でのみ低下した.さらに,SrまたはCs溶液を経口投与したとき,control群と比較してSrのラット血漿中濃度はNa-AlgおよびCa-Algいずれでも低下したが,Csの濃度はCa-Algにおいてのみ低下が認められた.これらのことからCa-AlgにはSrのみならずCsの排泄促進および吸収抑制効果があるものと考えられた.

著者

土井 信幸 秋山 滋男 矢野 健太郎 高橋 恵美利 小見 暁子 井戸田 陽子 荻原 琢男

出版者

一般社団法人日本医療薬学会

雑誌

医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.9, pp.651-658, 2016-09-10 (Released:2017-09-10)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

2

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Many generic products of latanoprost ophthalmic solution are commercially available. For pharmacists' guidance, patients often ask questions, such as the total number of drops to be used per bottle. However, materials, including package inserts, that can be obtained from pharmaceutical companies do not provide such information, such as the total number of drops, the volume of a drop, or sense of use regarding each preparation. In this study, we compared the total number of drops, the weight of a drop, squeezing force, and sense of use using brand-name and generic products of latanoprost ophthalmic solution to establish selection criteria.The weight of a drop exceeded 25 mg in all products, but there were significant differences among the products. In generic products, the total number of drops per bottle was lower than in the brand-name product (112.6 ± 0.9 drops), showing significant differences (10 to 20 drops). The squeezing force required for dripping differed among the products (1.5 to 5-fold). The sense-of-use score regarding the rigidity of an eye drop container reduced with the increase in the squeezing force, showing a negative correlation. The utilization of this information may improve glaucoma patients' adherence and/or reduce costs, providing beneficial information for adopting pharmaceutical preparations in medical institutions.

著者

小玉 菜央 金本 理沙 叶 隆 金子 雅文 森本 かおり 荻原 琢男

出版者

一般社団法人日本医療薬学会

雑誌

医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.4, pp.228-236, 2012-04-10 (Released:2013-04-10)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

2 2

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The overall quality of generic drugs (GE) was assessed by sensory evaluation (questionnaire survey) taken by the patient side, a composition analysis by the pharmacist side, and a questionnaire by medical manufacturers, using an icosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester (EPA-E) product. In the sensory evaluation, the original product was superior to the two other GEs in terms of the ease of finding the wrapping's cutting point and its opening and external cutting points. In addition, there were GE products with a peculiar odor, which had residual beads (grain) in several wrappings. According to an analysis of the capsule's odors and surface cleaning solutions, the odor was attributed to the raw material itself adhering to the capsule surfaces during the manufacturing process, and/or by the deterioration of the capsules during the manufacturing period. The result of the stress test also supported this conclusion. The total dioxin content in the original product was extremely low compared to any other GE product. Questionnaires to manufacturers showed that all supplied product information for medical personnel and patients via various media, and were striving to innovate and improve the quality retention of the wrapping. It also emerged that GEs were not always superior to the original product, whereas it is expected that GE manufacturers will provide products that improve on the original drugs for the convenience of patients.

著者

高野 由博 加部 春香 溝井 健太 箱田 恵子 峯野 知子 矢野 健太郎 荻原 琢男

出版者

一般社団法人日本医療薬学会

雑誌

医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.4, pp.208-216, 2021-04-10 (Released:2022-04-10)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

1 2

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In the simple suspension method, the intended medicine is suspended in hot water when administered to a patient by tube. Suspension of the laxative, magnesium oxide is reported to hydrolyze ester-type drugs. Because several angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors have ester bonds in their structure, magnesium oxide may cause incompatibility when suspended with an ACE inhibitor. The purpose of this study was to clarify the effect of magnesium oxide on the stability of eight kinds of ACE inhibitors in the simple suspension method.When suspended together with magnesium oxide in hot water (55℃), temocapril, delapril, captopril, and benazepril showed a significant decrease in concentration compared to when suspended alone. Enalapril, trandolapril, quinapril, and imidapril, however, showed no significant decrease. When temocapril was suspended with magnesium oxide, the concentration of its hydrolysis product temocaprilat was increased in a time-dependent manner. In addition, when temocapril was suspended in a carbonate-sodium bicarbonate buffer (pH 10.6), temocapril degradation was slower than with magnesium oxide, suggesting that the temocapril decomposition is not a simple hydrolysis caused only by pH but one requiring the presence of magnesium oxide as a catalyst.Ester structures in ACE inhibitors are intended to improve gastrointestinal absorption. Therefore, the condition of several ACE inhibitors kept in suspension with magnesium oxide causes degradation of these drugs, inhibiting their absorption and pharmacological effects. It may be necessary for pharmacists to suggest to physicians that their prescriptions be changed to non-degradable ACE inhibitors and/or laxatives other than magnesium oxide.

著者

石黒 淳三 多田 俊人 荻原 琢男 井田 圭一 大澤 伸雄 小雀 浩司 相澤 登

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.108, no.3, pp.239-245, 1988-03-25 (Released:2008-05-30)

参考文献数

48

被引用文献数

1 2

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The effects of ethyl eicosapentaenoate (EPA-E) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on the rat hepatic drug and fatty acid metabolizing enzyme systems were studied after single or repeated oral administration for 14 d. The ratio of liver to body weight and protein concentration in each fraction of microsomes, mitochondria and peroxisomes were not affected after single or repeated administration of EPA-E or DHA. Neither induction nor inhibition of hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes was not observed in EPA-E group. A single administration of DHA decreased aniline p-hydroxylase activity. This decrease in activity, however, was neither enhanced nor reduced after repeated administration of DHA. Other hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes were not affected by DHA. No effects on fatty acid oxidizing enzyme systems of mitochondria and peroxisomes were observed after administration of EPA-E or DHA. No effects on fatty acid elongation and desaturation on microsomes were observed after administration of EPA-E or DHA.

著者

荻原 琢男 畑野 泰子

出版者

日本脂質栄養学会

雑誌

脂質栄養学 (ISSN:13434594)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.1, pp.21-32, 2015 (Released:2015-05-01)

参考文献数

14

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Eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester (EPA-E) with a high degree of purity is marketed as a medical supply. In vivo pharmacokinetics of EPA-E is examined in detail via animal experiments. Orally administered eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is found in triglyceride (TG) in the rat intestine, and is absorbed via the lymphatic system. Moreover, EPA is gradually detected in cholesterol ester and phospholipid (PL) in blood. Whereas EPA is found in low density fractionation of lipoprotein such as chylomicron in the lymph fluid, it gradually transitions to high density fractionation in systemic circulation. EPA is distributed to several tissues such as fat, liver, heart, brain and aorta. Whereas EPA and its metabolized fatty acids are found in TG in fat, they are predominantly found in PL in the brain, liver and heart. EPA transforms systemically into docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) by chain elongation and subsequent desaturation after intestinal absorption. Interestingly, DHA is found in the brain earlier than in blood and the liver, suggesting the synthesis of DHA occurs in not only the liver but also the brain. This hypothesis is also supported by a recent clinical trial.