著者

谷口 淳一 山 祐嗣 川崎 弥生 堀下 智子 西岡 美和

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.3, pp.226-232, 2006

---

Shafir (1993) found that people select an alternative which is positive on some dimensions and negative on others more often than one with average dimensions. We applied his methodology to the choice of a person. It is argued that Japanese people prefer a person with an average disposition. But is it that they really prefer this or that they believe that others do? We presented a scenario where two persons wanted to join a party with your group. One was positive on some dimensions and negative on others, whereas the other had an average disposition. One hundred and seven female students were asked to choose one of the two persons, and 113 female students were asked to reject one of the two. They were also asked to infer which person the other members of their group would choose or reject. The results were that our participants chose and rejected the person with positive and negative dimensions in the self-decision condition, whereas they inferred that other members would choose the average person. These imply that self-critical bias may reflect an adaptive strategy as to the selection of persons.

著者

酒井 恵子 西岡 美和 向山 泰代 小松 孝至

出版者

日本パーソナリティ心理学会

雑誌

パーソナリティ研究 (ISSN:13488406)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.2, pp.163-166, 2015-11-20 (Released:2015-12-05)

参考文献数

3

被引用文献数

1

---

The Gitaigo Personality Scale (GPS; Komatsu et al., 2012) consists of 60 mimetic words comprising six subscales, and is used for measuring self and others' personality. In this study we developed a short form of the GPS, the GPSsf which consists of 30 words, by selecting the five words that exhibited the highest loadings for each of the GPS six factors. A factor analysis showed that the GPSsf consisted of six factors consistent with the six subscales of the GPS. The GPSsf had relatively high test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and sufficient validity. Because of the reduced number of items, the GPSsf is now more accessible for use in assessment situations.

著者

中島 英洋 笠間 基寛 中井 麻美 西岡 美和子 藤森 麻里榮 宝谷 美智子

出版者

大阪青山大学『大阪青山大学紀要』編集委員会

雑誌

大阪青山大学紀要 = Journal of Osaka Aoyama University (ISSN:18833543)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, pp.9-17, 2009-03-31

---

Controlling postprandial hyperglycemia has been recognized to be beneficial for prevention and reduction of cardiovascular risks in diabetic patients. In this study, we evaluated acute effects of exercise after meal ingestion on postprandial blood glucose in order to develop an exercise prescription for reduction of the spike-like blood glucose elevation. Five healthy women ingested 200 g of rice and exercised (slow-paced walking, fast-paced walking or jogging) for 25 minutes at 30 minutes after the meal ingestion. For further evaluation of the acute effects of muscle contraction on blood glucose, we also examined a foot bath which increased the local blood flow in the muscles of the lower legs without muscle contraction, and combinatorial number-placement puzzles (Sudoku) which activated brain activity. Blood glucose was measured in fasting and at 30, 60, and 120 min after meal ingestion.Control data were obtained from the same subjects in the sitting position during the experiment. At the end of exercise, all the exercise lowered blood glucose by 40~50mg/dL compared with the control.(p<0.01). At 60 min after exercise, the blood glucose level in slow-paced walking remained depressed.However, the blood glucose levels in fast-paced walking and jogging were elevated over the control, particularly, that in jogging was significantly higher (p<0.05). The foot bath and Sudoku resulted in no significant change compared with the control. A single bout of exercise after meal ingestion lowered blood glucose at the end of exercise. However, intense exercise induced a reactive elevation in blood glucose following the temporary reduction. Additionally, muscle contraction was necessary for blood glucose to be lowered. These results suggested that an exercise prescription such as 20-30 min of slow-paced walking without any change in heart rate at 30 min after meal ingestion was effective for the reduction of the blood glucose elevation after meal ingestion.(accepted. Nov. 30, 2009)

著者

小松 孝至 向山 泰代 西岡 美和 酒井 恵子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.6, pp.589-595, 2016

被引用文献数

2

---

Based on the recently developed <i>Gitaigo</i> personality scale (Komatsu, Sakai, Nishioka, & Mukoyama, 2012), we investigated the relationship between perceived personality and leading/following roles in close friend dyads. Primary participants rated their own and one of their close friend's personality with <i>Gitaigo</i> personality scale. They also described who takes the role of leader in the relationship with the friend they rated. When one in the pair is reported as leader, the other is considered as follower. Subsidiary participants who were cited as close friends rated their own personality. Our analysis of the 215 pairs showed that the participants taking the role of follower were rated higher in the traits of Cowardliness and Mildness by the primary participants. Regarding Mildness, this tendency was also clear in subsidiary participants' self-ratings. Primary participants rated the Preciseness and Candidness of their friends lower if their friend was considered a follower. <i>Gitaigo</i> personality scale describes the perceived personality well, at least for several traits.

著者

小松 孝至 酒井 恵子 西岡 美和 向山 泰代

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.83, no.2, pp.82-90, 2012

被引用文献数

5

---

Gitaigo is a subtype of mimetic words (onomatopoeia) in the Japanese language, which can be regarded as words that imitate actions or states. This study develops a personality scale, with six subscales, using 60 gitaigo words as items for rating the personality of the self and others. We asked 1 054 participants to rate their own personality and 905 participants to rate a close friend's personality, using 158 gitaigo words as items to describe personality. We found that a six-factor model, found in our previous study, was also applicable to the present study of ratings of participants' own personality. We also found six groups of words in the ratings of close friends' personality, although the factor structure is slightly different from the self-rating factors. We selected ten words that exhibited high loadings for each of the six factors to develop a personality scale with six subscales showing high reliability. We named those factors: Cowardliness, Slowness, Preciseness, Irritableness, Candidness, and Frivolousness. The average scores for self-ratings were significantly lower for two subscales (Preciseness and Candidness) and higher for other four subscales compared to the rating of others.