1 0 0 0 OA 虚再認の生起に及ぼす環境的文脈の効果
- 著者
- 山田 恭子 鍋田 智広 岡 かおり 中條 和光
- 出版者
- 公益社団法人 日本心理学会
- 雑誌
- 心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.80, no.2, pp.90-97, 2009 (Released:2012-03-06)
- 参考文献数
- 34
- 被引用文献数
- 4 1
The influence of environmental context on false recognition was investigated by using two lists with different associative structures. Sixteen auditory to-be-remembered lists were presented to the participants. Eight were associated lists, consisting of items that were associated with lure items which were not presented in the study session. The remaining eight were category lists, consisting of category examples. A lure item of each category list was one of the category examples. In the study session, participants were asked to judge how imaginable the items were. The next day, participants engaged in a word recognition test that included the studied items and the lure items. The test was administered visually on a computer display either in the same room as the study session or in a different room. In the associated list condition, reinstatement of the environmental context increased both correct and false recognition. In the category list condition, only false recognition was increased by reinstatement of the environmental context. These results indicate that the reinstatement of the environmental context facilitates false recognition.
1 0 0 0 触覚の記憶容量とそのメタ記憶:日用品500個を用いた検討
- 著者
- 鍋田 智広 楠見 孝
- 出版者
- 日本認知心理学会
- 雑誌
- 日本認知心理学会発表論文集
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.2008, pp.13-13, 2008
我々の記憶容量が膨大であることは古くから知られている。例えば,多くの項目が呈示されても被験者は高い割合で正確に再認することができる。しかし,この実験結果は視覚以外のモダリティではまだ明らかにされていない。そこで本研究では触覚における記憶容量をとりあげ,その学習モダリティへの固有性と,記憶容量に関するメタ記憶とについて検討した。実験では,被験者に100項目もしくは500項目の日用品を触覚学習させた後に触覚あるいは視覚で再認テストを行い,その後被験者自身の再認成績を推測させた。その結果,どちらの実験においても高い再認成績が示されたものの,触覚テストの方が視覚テストよりも再認成績が高く,かつ再認成績の推測も正確であった。これらの結果は,触覚の記憶容量とそのメタ記憶とが,触覚に固有の記憶に依存することを示唆している。
- 著者
- 鍋田 智広 楠見 孝
- 出版者
- 心理学評論刊行会
- 雑誌
- 心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.52, no.4, pp.545-575, 2009
False memories refer to memories of events that did not occur. The Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm represents a conventional experimental methodology for examining false memories; this paradigm involves the presentation of associated words (bed, rest, etc.), which induce a false recall and/or false recognition of a non-presented word (critical lure; sleep). Many studies using the DRM paradigm have demonstrated that (a) participants exhibit false memories robustly and (b) they experience these memories in a vivid and detailed manner. First, this article theoretically reviews the mechanisms that robustly produce false memories. Subsequently, accounts on subjective experience of false memories are discussed. Based on the review, this paper finds discrepancies among the accounts with regard to whether the activation of critical lure causes false memories and their subjective experience; some studies show that the activation of critical lure mediates false memories, while others show that the activation does not result in false memories. The review concludes that none of the existing accounts sufficiently resolve this discrepancy, suggesting that this issue needs to be investigated by future studies.
A false memory is created by studying a list of items related to an item which is not presented. The present study examined whether a haptic study/test results in false recognition and, if so, whether a congruency of the presentation modality in the study and test reduces the false recognition. Following haptic or visual study of lists of objects participants completed a haptic or visual recognition test. We obtained a haptic false memory. Furthermore the amount of false recognition was reduced when the presentation modality was congruent with the study modality. Haptic study reduced false recognition in the haptic test, in comparison to the visual test. In contrast, visual study reduced visual false recognition. The results support the proposal of a generality with respect to cues that can reduce false recognition.