著者
吉田 香奈
出版者
広島大学高等教育研究開発センター
雑誌
大学論集 (ISSN:03020142)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.47, pp.137-152, 2014

The purpose of this study is to clarify the trends and problems of public college tuition and state student aid policy in Pennsylvania which is known as the highest tuition level in the United States. Access to higher education is an extremely important policy issue. In granting student financial assistance and maintaining low-tuition level, the state government has enlarged the opportunity of higher education for many years. However, many states have shifted high-tuition/high-aid policy recently. They have shifted the cost burden from taxpayers to college students and their families through high percentage tuition increases in the public colleges and universities. Why is the tuition level of public colleges in Pennsylvania the highest in the nation? How do they compensate the rising tuition through student financial aid programs? In pursuing the goal of this study, the author conducted hearings with the Pennsylvania Department of Education, Pennsylvania Higher Education Assistance Agency and the student aid offices of colleges and universities in Pennsylvania in 2011, 2013 and 2014. The study consists of four sections. The first describes the characteristics of Title IV postsecondary education institutions in Pennsylvania, its average cost of attendance, and the decision making process of tuition setting. The second explains the characteristics of state student aid programs carried by the Pennsylvania Higher Education Assistance Agency and it's positioning in the United States. Pennsylvania has had a strong tradition of providing need-based financial aid program to students. But, it has been difficult to raise state appropriations for the need-based student aid program to compensate for the rising tuition. The third examines the difference of net price. Net price is generated by subtracting the grant or scholarship aid from the total cost of attendance. It was found from the data that the highest net price in the lowest income group was the four-year public research university. For low income students, it is likely to be difficult to access and persist their learning in selective public research university due to their burden of cost of attendance. Fourth and lastly the study concludes by summarizing the main points and indicating the implications for Japanese national and public university tuition setting and student financial aid policy.
著者
吉川 政夫 有沢 孝治 川野辺 裕幸 内田 晴久
出版者
広島大学高等教育研究開発センター
雑誌
大学論集 (ISSN:03020142)
巻号頁・発行日
no.43, pp.337-351, 2012-03

The purpose of this study was to develop a structured class evaluation questionnaire to be completed by students at Tokai University. Two thousand and seven hundred students from sixty-two classes answered the new class-evaluation questionnaire. The data of the survey were collected and analyzed and the results of the analysis are as follows.In relation to the items "teaching content and teaching methods", five factors labeled "motivating students", "intelligible teaching", "the passion and concern of the teacher", "the critical goal of the course", and "the appropriate presentation of information", were extracted by factor analysis. Similarly, in the items for "outcomes from the teaching and learning process", one factor labeled "outcomes from the teaching and learning process" was extracted.The findings, which were revealed by multiple regression analysis, were as follows. For the items of "teaching content and teaching methods", the factor of "intelligible teaching", predominantly, and the factor "the passion of the teacher", secondly, contributed to the overall evaluation score. Also, the item "outcomes from the teaching and learning process", affected the overall evaluation score.There were significant differences in the mean scores between those who wrote their names on the questionnaire form and those who did not, in relation to several of the evaluation items. But, including the overall evaluation, significant differences in the mean scores between the two groups were not found in many of the evaluation items. Overall, differences were slightly smaller between those who wrote their names and those who did not.Based on findings outlined above, a structured questionnaire for class evaluation by students was developed.
著者
関 正夫
出版者
広島大学
雑誌
大学論集 (ISSN:03020142)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.6, pp.135-173, 1978-03
著者
李 敏
出版者
広島大学
雑誌
大学論集 (ISSN:03020142)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.42, pp.89-105, 2011-03

This paper studies the changes in the process of job seeking by university graduates in China through comparison of the data of two graduate employment surveys in Shanghai in 1999 and 2004. The dramatic expansion of higher education in 1999 is an important turning point in Chinese higher education history. The environment for university student's employment also changed and since 1999 the supply of university graduates has exceeded demand; accordingly, low employment for university graduates became an object of public concern. At the same time, along with deregulation of job seeking, graduates obtained more and more freedom to seek employment.Based on an analysis of the two surveys, the author has examined: 1) the time of starting job seeking; 2) the period of job seeking; 3) the number of the resumes sent and the number of informal assurances of employment received; and 4) the route for job seeking and the regulated factor about which route to choose.This study's brief conclusions are as follows. 1) With the expansion of higher education, a graduate labor market has been established. Especially in the years since 1999, the development of online recruitment has led to great changes in job seeking and recruitment. 2) Compared to 1999, graduates now start their job seeking earlier, and they need to send many more resumes to obtain an assurance of employment. This can perhaps be interpreted as an evidence of job scarcity. However, the influence of online recruitment should be taken into account. This change in the way of job seeking has made it possible for students to start their job seeking at an early stage and continue it for a longer period. 3) The graduate labor market has differentiated into two parts: a university-based internal market and social external market. Which labor market students choose is strongly determined by the university's rank and the students' major. Generally speaking, graduates from high ranking universities tend to use the university internal market, while others tend to begin their job seeking in the external social market: especially for graduates of low ranking universities, the personal network is the most effective way to find a job. Meanwhile, graduates whose majors provide high specialization tend to find jobs through campus recruitment, since they can meet the employee's needs well. Thus, functional differentiation can be found between the university internal market and the external social market. The information quality in the former market is high, but in the latter market lacks guarantees, despite the enormous quantity of recruitment information.
著者
牧野 暢男 伊藤 友子
出版者
広島大学
雑誌
大学論集 (ISSN:03020142)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.10, pp.65-81, 1981-11
著者
伊藤 彰浩
出版者
広島大学
雑誌
大学論集 (ISSN:03020142)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.36, pp.149-168, 2006-03

1 0 0 0 研究の研究

著者
阿曽沼 明裕
出版者
広島大学
雑誌
大学論集 (ISSN:03020142)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.36, pp.107-126, 2006-03