著者

奥平 忠志

出版者

THE TOHOKU GEOGRAPHICAL ASSOCIATION

雑誌

東北地理 (ISSN:03872777)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.2, pp.124-130, 1976 (Released:2010-04-30)

参考文献数

6

---

The form and function of a port are a part of a city, but, in addition, these factors exert a significant influence on other parts of a city. In this study of the Port of Otaru, Hokkaido, the influence of these factors will be examined as an example of the growth process of a port and a city.The growth process of the Port of Otaru can divided into three stages. The features of each stage can be summarized as follows:1) The Old City was situated in the southern part of Otaru at the begining of the Meiji era. The city, then, expanded into the northern part of Otaru in response to the construction of a port.2) The institutions of the port concentrated in the northern part of it. Then, the expansion of the city occurred towards the foot of the mountains. The core of the city was established in the Ironai district which is the center of the present port.3) After World War II, the Port of Otaru lost its most important market, Sakhalin, which resulted in a decline in the city activity. The modernization of the port has been advanced since 1950. As a result, cargoes increased to the highest level of the pre-War period. But, as the influence of the City of Sapporo grew stronger, the city activity of Otaru began to wane again.

著者

中田 高 大槻 憲四郎 今泉 俊文

出版者

THE TOHOKU GEOGRAPHICAL ASSOCIATION

雑誌

東北地理 (ISSN:03872777)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.2, pp.111-120, 1976

被引用文献数

7 4 4

---

Nagamachi-Rifu Dislocation Line runs in the NE-SW direction marking the boundary between Sendai Coastal Plain in the southeast and hilly land in the northwest. Along this dislocation line, deformation of terraces of the Hirose and Natori rivers have been noticed by many scholars. The present writers have investigated intensively the mode of deformation of the terraces and structure of Pliocene Sendai group, in order to clarify characteristics of Quaternary crustal movements along the dislocation line.<br>Main results are as follows:<br>1) The dislcoated terraces, i. e. Aobayama, Dainohara, Uwamachi, Nagamachi and Shimomachi Terraces in descending order, form an elevated zone stretching parallel to the dislocation line for 10km with width of 1km. On the northwestern margin of the zone, Dainenjiyama Faults (thrusts) are located shaping scarplets or gentle slopes and terrace deposits are often displaced on the faults. On the southeastern margin, a flexure structure associated with subsurface Nagamachi-Rifu Fault, which is presumed to be a thrust, forms conspicuous scarplets or steep slopes accompanying warped terrace deposits which submerge below alluvium.<br>2) These terraces are deformed with the greater rate on the older terrace in a same mode and the mode is also in harmony with that of Pliocene Sendai group. Average rates of vertical displacements on Dainenjiyama Faults and Nagamachi-Rifu Line are calculated to be 0.1+mm per year and 0.5mm per year respectively since formation of Aobayama Terrace III. Deformation rate of this terrace to that of uppermost Pliocene Dainenji bed is about 2 to 3.<br>3) Most of minor faults along the dislocation line are thrusts chiefly with dip-slip components and their strikes appear in the NE-SW direction, which coincide with characteristics of Dainenjiyama Faults and Shishiochi Fault located 1km to the west.<br>4) Judging from the deformation of Sendai Group with brittle shear fracture and unchangeable thickness of the group, commencement of crustal movements along Nagamachi-Rifu Line may be dated in Quaternary succeeding to the emergence of uppermost Pliocene Dainenji bed.<br>5) Maximum compressive principal stress axis, which is elucidated by the characteristics of major and minor faults along the dislocation line, lies in the NW-SE direction and coincides with the direction deduced from focal mechanisms of recent major earthquakes and microearthquakes analysis in the surrounding area.<br>6) This maximum stress direction pattern also concides with stress field inferred from characteristics of notable active faults in the vicinity. Some of historical great earthquakes have occurred along these faults indicating that these faults are still active under the same stress field.<br>Therefore it can be said that during Quaternary period continuous and accumulative crustal movements have been taking place along Nagamachi-Rifu Dislcoation Line under the NW-SE compressive stress field.

著者

八木 浩司 吉川 契子

出版者

THE TOHOKU GEOGRAPHICAL ASSOCIATION

雑誌

東北地理 (ISSN:03872777)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.4, pp.247-257, 1988-12-20 (Released:2010-04-30)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

1

---

西津軽沿岸地域は, 本邦における地殻変動の活発な東北日本弧内弧に位置する。この地域には6段以上の更新世海成段丘が発達しみごとな景観をなしている。本研究は西津軽沿岸地域に発達する完新世海成段丘の高度分布を述べ, さらに本地域の完新世地殻変動について考察した。結果は以下のようにまとめられる。(1) 西津軽沿岸地域には完新世の旧汀線が4段認められる。それらは上位よりLI面, LII面, BI面, BII面である。LI面とLII面は海成段丘, BI面およびBII面は隆起ベンチである。BII面は1704年に本地域南部岩館周辺で発生した地震, および, 1793年に北部の大戸瀬沖で発生した地震の際に離水した。(2) LI面の形成年代は, 放射性炭素年代測定で約6,000yr. B. P. を得た。LI面の発達高度は5~8mである。最大隆起速度は1.3mm/yrに及び本地域が本邦で最も隆起の激しい地域であることを示す。(3) 完新世段丘の隆起量の最も大きな地域は, 海岸線が桝形山地と白神山地を横切る所に位置し, またそこは更新世海成段丘の隆起量の激しい位置と一致する。各旧汀線の高度分布パターンは, 18世紀の地震で隆起した離水ベンチのそれとよく類似する。西津軽沿岸地域における完新世海成段丘の発達は, 更新世より続く桝形山地および白神山地の間欠的な地震隆起によるものと考えられる。

著者

吉永 秀一郎 武内 和彦

出版者

東北地理学会

雑誌

東北地理 (ISSN:03872777)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.1, pp.1-15, 1986

---

The Tama Hills, located in the western edge of the Kanto Plain, are mainly composed of semi- or unconsoidated shallow marine sediments of Plio-Pleistocene age, which, named the Kazusa Group, consist of several clay-silt, sand and gravel beds, On the hilltop gentle slopes in the western part of the Tama Hills, the mid-Pleistocene Gotentoge Gravel Bed rests unconformably upon the Kazusa Group. And the Hills are covered with airborne tephras named the Kanto Loam. The lower part of the Kanto Loam is full-weathered and rich in clay. The purpose of the present study is to clarify the distribution and formation of detailed- to micro-scale landforms composing small tributary basins, in connection with the hydro-geologic conditions in the western part of the Tama Hills. In valley-head areas, head hollow and head floor defined by Tamura(1974) are distributed and their location seems to be controlled by the hydro-geologic conditions. The maximum height of each head hollow and the position of springlet correspond well to the height of bedding plane of clay-silt bed in the Kazusa Group or the lower part of the Kanto Loam, both of which have less permiability. Head floor develops on the surface of less-permeable beds. Because of the less permiability, surface and sub-surface flow often occurs and marsh is sometimes formed on this slope unit. Locations of valley-head slopes on the hillsides are also affected by the distribution of lesspermeable beds. Here the development of the slopes seems to have been initiated by the landslides. Present head hollows were formed by slide-type failure. Each mass movement occurs along the bedding plane upon the less-permeable beds. Valley-head slopes are considered to have been formed by surface failures occurred during heavy storms. In addition to the occurrence of pipeflow and returnflow which are also related to hydro-geologic condiions, groundwater itself seems to pllay an important role in landforming process accompanied by surface failure. It is concluded that the distribution and formation of slope units in the Tama Hills are strongly controlled by the hydro-geologic conditions.

著者

日本大學第2中學校社會部陸水班

出版者

THE TOHOKU GEOGRAPHICAL ASSOCIATION

雑誌

東北地理 (ISSN:03872777)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.1, pp.35-37, 1951

著者

藤谷 聡

出版者

THE TOHOKU GEOGRAPHICAL ASSOCIATION

雑誌

東北地理 (ISSN:03872777)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.3, pp.187-198, 1986

---

本稿は, 明治末期から昭和初期にかけて, 我が国の鉱山が, 従来の自山製錬による鉱物販売から鉱石販売へと変化したことに注目し, 岩手県西和賀の中小鉱山を例にあげ, その変化の過程および変化の要因を解明したものである。<br>西和賀の鉱山においては, 上述の変化が第一次世界大戦終了後の経済不況の時期を中心に生じた。これは, 機械化や新たな選鉱技術の導入と1910年の和賀軽便軌道 (黒沢尻―仙人間)・1924年の横黒線 (黒沢尻―横手間) の開通による交通体系の整備によるものと考えられた。すなわち, これらによって, 鉱石産出量と選鉱処理能力の増大, 年間を通じての安定した輸出手段の確保および輸送費の低減とにより, 自山製錬による販売よりも, 地域外の大手資本の経営する製錬所へ鉱石の形で販売した方が高い利潤を得られると判断したためと考えられる。また, 製錬施設を廃止し, 鉱石販売に転向した鉱山は, 商品としての鉱石を介して地域外の大資本による製錬所の鉱石供給地として位置づけられることとなり, 鉱石販売先の安定に伴い, その操業も安定した。

著者

石澤 孝 小林 博

出版者

THE TOHOKU GEOGRAPHICAL ASSOCIATION

雑誌

東北地理 (ISSN:03872777)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.1, pp.30-40, 1991

被引用文献数

2 3

---

わが国においては, 1970年代に宿泊施設の数が急増している。これをホテルと旅館に分けてみると, 1972年頃に旅館数が頭打ちになり, 代わってホテル数が急増した。長野においても同様の傾向が認められる。長野における旅館とホテルの分布は大きく異なっている。旅館が善光寺の門前やその周辺を中心に立地しているのに対して, ホテルは長野駅周辺地域を中心として立地している。また, ホテルはそのほとんどが都心地域に立地しているのに対して, 旅館は都心地域外に立地しているものも多い。規模は, 旅館よりもホテルのほうが大きい。また, ホテルが立地しているところの路線価格は, 旅館が立地しているところに較べて高く, 価格の上昇率も高い。さらに, 路線価格の高いところに立地しているホテルのなかには, 旅館がその営業形態を変更したものも認められる。<br>以上のように, 都心の拡大と核心地域の移動がみられる都市においては, かつての核心地域には旅館, 新しい核心地域にはホテルという宿泊施設分布の差異が生じている。すなわち, 都市地域における宿泊施設は都心のメルクマールとなるものであり, 旅館が集中して立地している地域は高度経済成長期以前の核心地域, ホテルが集中して立地している地域はそれ以降に形成された核心地域と考えることができる。

著者

菅野 洋光 岡 秀一 前島 郁雄

出版者

THE TOHOKU GEOGRAPHICAL ASSOCIATION

雑誌

東北地理 (ISSN:03872777)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.3, pp.181-187, 1991

被引用文献数

1

---

1989年7月25日に下北丘陵で小気候観測を行なった。係留気球を用いた観測により, 高さ約200m以下で気温約20℃の海風が捉えられた。海風の鉛直構造を解析したところ, 高さ約100m以下の海からの風に対応した層 (水蒸気量が相対的に小さいことで特徴づけられる) と, 100~200mの反流が認められた。アメダスデータから, この海風は, 太平洋側に局限されたものであることがわかった。

出版者

東北地理学会

雑誌

東北地理 (ISSN:03872777)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.3, pp.200-240, 1991-08-01 (Released:2010-04-30)

著者

長谷川 典夫

出版者

THE TOHOKU GEOGRAPHICAL ASSOCIATION

雑誌

東北地理 (ISSN:03872777)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.1, pp.44-44, 1969

---

On the eastern slopes of Zao Volcano, there are three hot-spring spas along the road leading from Sendai city to Zao Volcano. They are Tokatta, Aone and Gaga. In April, 1963, for the development of tourist industry, the whole line of Zao-Highway was opened to traffic from Tokatta to Kaminoyama city, Yamagata Prefecture, via the top of Zao Volcano. Since then, the tourists visiting these spas have been rapidly increased. For example, in the case of Tokatta, the visitors increased from 58, 500 in 1961 to 146, 000 in 1963. At the same time, the areal distribution of the visitors' homes has become more extensive.

著者

楠原 直樹

出版者

THE TOHOKU GEOGRAPHICAL ASSOCIATION

雑誌

東北地理 (ISSN:03872777)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.4, pp.207-212, 1976

被引用文献数

1

---

Misaki is one of the well-known fishing ports in Japan, and in the early part of the '60s it began to be prosperous especially because tuna landing of the port showed a marked increase. The figures in tons, for instance, of tuna landed at this port rose up from 55, 000 in 1963 to 94, 000 in 1968, and reached the peak. In 1969 the tonnage began to lower and in 1974 it went down to 53, 400. This decrease can be attributed chiefly to the inadequate facilities of Misaki as a fishing port. Before 1970 tuna had usually been sold piece by piece either by auction or by tender. But according as the fish catch increased, frozen tuna came to be transacted at so much a boat-load. In trading a great deal of tuna a large-scale system of cold storage is indispensable on the port. In this regard Misaki proved to be a failure. Most of the tuna long-line boats gradually began to keep away from Misaki in spite of its geographical merits, and to land their whole catch at other ports equipped with sufficient refrigeration.