著者
狩野 彰宏 Kano Akihiro
出版者
九州大学大学院比較社会文化学府
雑誌
比較社会文化 : 九州大学大学院比較社会文化学府紀要 (ISSN:13411659)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.19, pp.11-18, 2013

Collaboration between Earth and Historical Sciences is a promising approach to understand climatic influences to human society. High-resolution paleoclimatic records of late Holocene allow correlation with the historical records. A recent study on lacustrine sediments suggested coincidence between cooling events and collapse of the Chinese dynasties, such as Shang, Han, and Tang. However, this suggestion is inconsistent with statistic data examination of historical meteorology. More reliable paleoclimatic researches have focused on a short cold periods of 17th and 18th centuries, so-called Little Ice Age that is closely associated with the weakened solar activity during the Maunder Minimum (1645-1715). The frozen Dokai Bay in 1684 is an example of the cooling events, which was described in northern Kyushu.
著者
山下 潤
出版者
九州大学大学院比較社会文化学府
雑誌
比較社会文化 (ISSN:13411659)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.16, pp.1-6, 2010

1990年代以降EU諸国は地域レベルでの持続的発展を促すための政策に補助金を支給している。このような補助金の一つに、スウェーデン政府による二酸化炭素排出と失業率の減少を目的としたLIP(地域投資事業)がある。本研究は、LIPとそれ以外の温暖化防止政策によってもたらされたLIP実施・未実施自治体への影響の差異を明らかにすることを目的とした。結果として、これらの政策によってもたらせた影響がLIP実施・未実施自治体間で差がないことを明らかにした。さらに第二次産業の割合の増大と地域熱供給システムによる最終エネルギーの供給量の増加がCOzの排出増加をもたらしたことも明らかにした。Some EU countries have introduced subsidies into policy measures for enhancing sustainable development at regional and local levels since 1990s. As one of these subsidies, Swedish government implemented LIP (Local Investment Programme) for reducing carbon dioxide emission and unemployment rate. The present study addressed differences in effects brought by LIP and other anti-global warming measures among municipalities. Results derived from statistical tests showed no difference in effects caused by LIP between LIP and non-LIP municipalities. The results of the application of multi-regression analysis also indicated that the increasing rate of manufacture and the increasing volume of energy produced by district heating systems brought increase in the carbon dioxide emission.
著者
佐藤 廉也
出版者
九州大学大学院地球社会統合科学府
雑誌
地球社会統合科学 : 九州大学大学院地球社会統合科学府紀要 : bulletin of the Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Global Society, Kyushu University (ISSN:13411659)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.21, no.1, pp.1-28, 2014

エチオピア南西部の森林地帯に棲み、焼畑・蜂蜜採集・狩猟を主生業とするマジャンギルと植物との関係について、植物の利用と認知の両面から記述し、考察をおこなった。マジャンギル居住域および生業活動領域に生育する植物(栽培種38種、野生種269種)を採集し、野生種については標本を前にした聞き取りによって植物の方名、分類、生育地、利用(食料・飲料、建材・囲い、衣料・装飾、儀礼、薬、楽器・遊具、燃料、生業・生活道具、蜜源、間接的利用)に関する情報を得た。マジャンギルは方名を持つ野生種の65.4%を有用植物として認知していた。植物が生育する森林タイプ別に見ると、成熟林、長期休閑林、短期休閑林の順に有用と認識する植物の比率は高く、彼らの森における生業と植物の利用・認知との深い関わりが示唆された。In this paper, I described plant uses and related knowledge among the Majangir, who live in the forest located in Southwestern Ethiopia and have been engaged in swidden agriculture, honey collecting and hunting, to discuss on human-plant relationships in the densely forested habitat. I collected 38 domesticated plant species and 269 wild species found in their habitat and asked people about local names, classification, vegetation in which they are found and utility of wild species in front of specimens. As a result, I showed they recognize 65.4% of wild species as useful plants. They regard 87.5% of wild species found in primary forest, 86.8% in long-fallow forest, and 76.6% in short-fallow vegetation as useful. This may show that the depth of their knowledge on plants is related to the extent of importance of its habitat in terms of their subsistence activities.
著者
山村 ひろみ
出版者
九州大学
雑誌
比較社会文化 : 九州大学大学院比較社会文化研究科紀要 (ISSN:13411659)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.12, pp.39-56, 2006

Este ensayo tiene como objetivo hacer un estudio contrastivo de los comportamientos de las formas verbales del pasado en frances y en espanol, basandose en los datos hallados en tres obras cortas de Agatha Christie. Como resultado se destacan los siguientes puntos: (1) la funcion del "pasado del pasado" asignada al pqp. en frances no esta solo en senalar la anterioridad de una situacion a alguna otra situacion pasada sino tambien en denotar una situacion que tuvo lugar en el mundo NO-comentado. Es decir, el pqp. siempre tiene alguna relacion, aunque negativamente, con el "mundo comentado" basado fundamentalmente en el momento del habla. Esto se comprueba en el hecho de que el pqp. en fances aparezca con frecuecia en la transcion del "mundo narrado" al "mundo comentado" o del "mundo comentado" al "mundo narrado", (2) En cambio, el pqp. en espanol que aparece solo esporadicamente se refiere solo a una situacion que denota la anterioridad a alguna otra situacion concreta que, a su vez, es anterior al momento del habla, (3) la anterioridad que denota el ps. en espanol a otra situacion pasada esta basada en una relacion logica, o de causa - efecto que se encuentra entre las situaciones (o proposiciones) en cuestion.
著者
新島 龍美
出版者
九州大学大学院比較社会文化学府
雑誌
比較社会文化 : 九州大学大学院比較社会文化学府紀要 (ISSN:13411659)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.19, pp.19-37, 2013

本研究は、アリストテレス作と伝えられる『大道徳学』(Magna Moralia)が果たしてアリストテレスの真作か否かを考察するものである。考察方法は、同書の幾つかの箇所を取り上げ、そこに含まれる議論を分析し、明らかになった内容が、アリストテレスに帰属可能なものがどうかを判断するという、ある意味で最も正統的な方法である。結論は、同書はアリストテレスの作品ではない可能性が高いというものである。This study considers whether the supposedly Aristotelian Magna Moralia can be Aristotle's genuine work. Several parts of its texts are analyzed to see if this work can be attributed to Aristotle himself. The result is that it is highly probable that it is not his genuine work.
著者
新島 龍美
出版者
九州大学大学院比較社会文化学府
雑誌
比較社会文化 : 九州大学大学院比較社会文化学府紀要 (ISSN:13411659)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.17, pp.51-75, 2011

本研究は、アリストテレス作と伝えられる『大道徳学』(Magna Moralia)1185 b 15 に見られる'ε~κ τω~ν η~θικω~ν' の三語の理解の詳細な検討である。先ず、A. この三語を写本の読みのまま受け取る選択肢については、1「人柄に関わる事柄から」と特定の領域の現象を指示すると解する解釈、2アリストテレスの倫理学書に言及する書名と解する解釈のいずれも問題を招来することを示し、次に、B. 写本修正の試みの内、3'ε~κ τω~ν αισθη~σεων' 修正する試み、及び、4'ε~κ τω~ν αισθητω~νと修正する試みはいずれも問題に逢着することを示した上で、C. 問題の三語を'εξω τω~ν η~θικω~ν'(「人柄に関わる事柄の外で」)と修正する試みが最も問題が少ないことを示す。This study considers several interpretations on three words 'ε~κ τω~ν η~θικω~ν' in the supposedly Aristotelian work, Magna Moralia 1185 b 15 , to show that the attempt to revise the relevant words into 'εξω τω~ν η~θικω~ν' would be least problematic.
著者
杉山 あかし
出版者
九州大学
雑誌
比較社会文化 : 九州大学大学院比較社会文化研究科紀要 (ISSN:13411659)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.11, pp.1-13, 2005

This article examines the potential of the internet as a public sphere of communication. In the period after the 9.ll terrorist attack in the U. S., five hundred thousand messages were posted in "2-channel", Japan's biggest BBS site. This article examines these messages through a comparison with newspaper articles. The Habermasian concept of the `public sphere' has a twofold meaning, as both the so-called Public sphere in society and as an idealized communication space where rational communicative actions prevail. Accordingly, Habermasian discourse highlights the idea that in proper dialogue situations people can develop their critical ability to be more rational. This article takes this concept as a departure point to critically inquire into the quality of communication found in BBS systems. The initial research findings about the potential for rational communication through BBS are negative. (l) Words included in each posting are too few to discuss anything. The average length of a posting is one tenth of that of a newspaper article. (2) The monthly quantity of postings corresponds to that of newspaper articles, which may mean that there is no original development of discussion. Previously, the author did a case study about the Gulf War in 1991 using a similar methodology. This case study shows that computer mediated communication has the potential to act as an idealized communication space. The average number of words included in each posting was twice as many as that of newspaper articles and the monthly quantity of postings changed independently from that of newspaper articles. Furthermore, a content analysis has shown that there were original agendas deployed in BBS. When the HTML system was invented in 1991, popular computer mediated communication networks were not Internet based, but rather based on personal computer communication. Thus the BBS that was analysed in this article falls into the category of being part of the latter network. To conclude, the Haberrnasian concept can be adopted for an analysis of privileged media and personal computer communication, however for popularized media such as the Internet, the same cannot be said. Thus, in this context the following question arises. How can we expect rationality to progress in society? A theoretical consideration is included in last part of this article that addresses this important question.
著者
Ishibashi H. Diaz-Fernandez R. Carrillo E. Koike H.
出版者
九州大学
雑誌
比較社会文化 : 九州大学大学院比較社会文化研究科紀要 (ISSN:13411659)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.6, pp.37-45, 2000

The hawksbill turtle, Eretmochelys imbricata is listed the IUCN Red List as critically endangered. At the COP 10 of the CITES meeting held in i997, Cuba proposed to downlist the population of hawksbills from Appendix I to Appendix II to allow limited trade. In this reportδ^15N and δ^13C measurements were used for scute-sourcing, whereδ^13C values allow differentiation between oceanic plankton ecosystems and coral reef ecosystems, and δ^15N values indicate the consumer's trophic level in a regional food web. A total of 118 scute samples were analyzed from the Caribbean Sea region including Cuba, Haiti and Mexico, from the Pacific Ocean region and from the Indian Ocean region. Breeding individuals from Cuba had higher δ^15N vaglues than wild individuals from Cuba, indicating the isotope analysis will be useful for distinguishing the scutes of breeding populations, which will be targeted for export approval under CITES, from the wild populations specimens obtained by traditional fishing. The samples from the Caribbean Sea region are characterized by less negative δ^13C values than samples from the Pacific Ocean region, suggesting a higher dependance on coral ecosystems. The most positiveδ^15N values were from the Seychelles in the Indian Ocean, suggesting a higher dependance on sponges or other animal species.