著者

谷川 明男

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ:日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, pp.23-25, 2006-02-20 (Released:2018-03-30)

参考文献数

17

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About 130 years has passed since L. Koch (1878) published the first paper on Japanese spiders. Today there are still many undescribed species in Japan. Based on papers published in the journal of the Arachnological Society of Japan during the last five years, three professional and six amateur researchers are now actively studying the taxonomy of Japanese spiders. Most of their publications are descriptive studies, e.g. description of new species, revision of a genus or a family. Phylogenetic analyses using morphological or molecular data have been published for many countries, but not for Japan. It is becoming increasingly urgent to foster young spider taxonomists. The traditional approach in taxonomy seems to be arbitrary and therefore not attractive for young researchers. Japanese leading taxonomists should adopt modern methods such as phylogenetic analyses in order to attract young successors.

著者

和田 洋 松原 未央子 晴山 健史

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ:日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, pp.72-79, 2007-02-20 (Released:2018-03-30)

参考文献数

20

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Two types of larval morphology are recognized in extant echinoderms, namely auricularia-type larvae for starfish, sea cucumbers and sea lilies, and pluteus-type larvae for sea urchins and brittle stars. Since sister-grouping of the sea urchins and the sea cucumbers is supported by both fossil evidence and molecular data, the pluteus-type larvae are regarded to have evolved convergently in the sea urchins and the brittle stars. This paper briefly reviews recent progress in our work on comparative molecular developmental studies in the echinoderms. We investigated expressions and function of developmental genes, which are essential for sea urchin larval skeletogenesis, in the starfish and brittle stars. Based on expression data, we infer how the larval skeleton evolved in the sea urchins and brittle stars.

著者

織田 秀実

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ:日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, pp.3-7, 2001-02-20 (Released:2018-03-30)

参考文献数

22

著者

高島 義和

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ:日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, pp.17-22, 2008-02-20 (Released:2018-03-30)

参考文献数

5

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Difficulties of identification by using illustrated book and dichotomous key, and problems of tabulating identified taxa are discussed. In many cases, information about diagnoses which discriminate a species from its relatives is not provided well in illustrated books. In dichotomous keys, on the other hand, discriminating characters are summarized tersely for each species but diagnostic characters tend to be subtle and judgment of them are often puzzling for beginner taxonomists. Use of matrix (or tabular) key, which avoid these difficulties, is recom mended. In the case that identification of a specimen does not reach species level, it is placed in a higher taxonomic group, which may contain various entities. Annotations for higher taxa may reduce problems caused by heteroge neity of higher groups.

著者

磯野 直秀

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ:日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, pp.6-9, 1999-08-20 (Released:2018-03-30)

著者

久保田 信

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ:日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, pp.69-70, 2018-02-28 (Released:2018-03-20)

著者

谷川 明男

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ : 日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

no.20, pp.23-25, 2006-02-20

---

About 130 years has passed since L. Koch (1878) published the first paper on Japanese spiders. Today there are still many undescribed species in Japan. Based on papers published in the journal of the Arachnological Society of Japan during the last five years, three professional and six amateur researchers are now actively studying the taxonomy of Japanese spiders. Most of their publications are descriptive studies, e.g. description of new species, revision of a genus or a family. Phylogenetic analyses using morphological or molecular data have been published for many countries, but not for Japan. It is becoming increasingly urgent to foster young spider taxonomists. The traditional approach in taxonomy seems to be arbitrary and therefore not attractive for young researchers. Japanese leading taxonomists should adopt modern methods such as phylogenetic analyses in order to attract young successors.

著者

齋藤 暢宏

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ : 日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

no.13, pp.18-31, 2002-08-20

参考文献数

103

被引用文献数

2

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In Japan, 111 species (including 11 unidentified taxa) of epicaridean isopods have so far been recorded. All species are parasites, infesting various crustacean hosts, such as Decapoda, Ostracoda, Cirripedia, Mysidacea, and etc. Their larvae are known from ectoparasites of pelagic copepods. In the present paper, 121 species of crustacean hosts of epicaridean isopods are listed (1 species of Ostracoda, 8 of Copepoda, 1 of Balanomorpha, 1 of Rhizochephala, 2 of Mysidacea, 11 of Penaeidea, 33 of Caridea, 1 of Astacidea, 5 of Thalassinidea, 27 of Anomura, 30 of Brachyura, and 1 of unknown taxa).

著者

奥谷 喬司

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ : 日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

no.13, pp.3-4, 2002-08-20

著者

大塚 攻 花村 幸生 加瀬 友喜

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ : 日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

no.13, 2002-08-20

著者

小松 美英子

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ:日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, pp.1-16, 2009

参考文献数

123

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Echinoderms display a great range of life histories, which my students, colleagues, and I have documented though our studies of 42 species, including one echinoid, one holothuroid, four ophiuroids, and 36 asteroids. Here, the general features of echinoderm reproduction are reviewed as they concern the following topics: pairing behavior, brooding, sexual dimorphism, dioecism/hermaphroditism, and others. Larval form in these echinoderms has been modified in various ways through adaptation to planktonic, benthic, intra-gonadal, or intra-gastric larval habitats. The elucidation by Kanatani of the hormonal control mechanism of reproduction in asteroids has provided a means to investigate various aspects of their life history in detail, especially in the genera Asterina, Astropecten, and Luidia. We have found asteroids that pass through a wrinkled blastula stage, divergences among species of Asterina and Astropectinidae, astropectinid sea stars with a newly discovered barrel-shaped larva, and the limits of occurrence of the non-brachiolarian type of development in the Astropectinidae and Luidiidae. The life history of astropectinid species, including both a bipinnaria and a barrel-shaped larva, differs from that of luiidiids, with only a bipinnaria. On this basis, we suggest that the Astropectinidae and Luidiidae probably do not belong to the same ordinal-level taxonomic group. This result agrees with the 18S rDNA-based asteroid phylogeny previously reported by Matsubara and us.

著者

西川 輝昭

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ : 日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

no.20, pp.4-5, 2006-02-20

著者

小郷 一三

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ : 日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

no.3, pp.17-20, 1997-08-20

著者

宮崎 勝己 小林 豊 鳥羽 光晴 土屋 仁

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ : 日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

no.28, pp.45-54, 2010-02-20

被引用文献数

3

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The biology of Nymphonella tapetis Ohshima, 1927, a pycnogonid endoparasitic on some bivalves, is reviewed. After the first discovery of this species from Hakata Bay, Fukuoka in 1926, there were scattered records of N. tapetis from several places in Japan before 2007, but they were on a small scale. In April 2007, N. tapetis appeared suddenly in the commercial bivalve, Ruditapes philippinarum and several other bivalves on the Banzu Tidal Flat in Tokyo Bay. The spread of the parasite was explosive, and caused a mass mortality of the bivalves in the area. Adults of the pycnogonid live freely on or just under the surface of sandy bottoms, and show nocturnal activity. The hatching larva is a typical protonymphon larva. The larva enters the host bivalve, attaches to various soft parts, and feeds on the body fluid of the host. The number of parasites in one host ranges from one to over 60. At least eight different developmental stages can be distinguished in the parasitic larvae and juveniles. Adults leave the host probably just after the maturation molt. The adult male receives one egg-mass onto his ovigers after each mating, and one male can bear up to seven egg-masses. Several experiments were undertaken to attempt to eradicate or reduce the number of N. tapetis, but no effective method has yet been found. Three species of the genus Nymphonella have been described from Japan, the Mediterranean, and southern Africa. They are very similar in morphology, which leads to potential taxonomic confusion.

著者

古屋 秀隆

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ : 日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

no.15, 2003-08-20

著者

関口 秀夫 木村 昭一 井上 誠章

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ : 日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

no.26, pp.1-11, 2009-02-20

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Specimens of scyllarine species (Decapoda: Scyllaridae: Scyllarinae) were collected using commercial bottom trawl nets from several sites with 50-100 m depths in the shelf water region of the Enshu-nada sea and Tosa Bay along the Pacific coast of Honshu, central Japan. Of these, Bathyarctus chani Hoithuis, 2002 and B. formosasus (Chan and Yu, 1992) are recorded for the first time from Japan while Eduarctus martensii (Preffer, 1881) and Galearctus timidus (Hoithuis, 1960) are poorly known from Japanese waters previously.

著者

幸塚 久典

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ : 日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

no.36, pp.24-32, 2014-02-28

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Misaki Marine Biological Station School of Science, The University of Tokyo which is located on the tip of southwestern Miura Peninsula, Kanagawa Pref. have been actively used as a base for research on Zoology for many years in broad fields, such as development biology, cell biology, molecular biology and systematic zoology. Although technical staffs have greatly supported many scientists, their contribution to the research activity almost remains unknown. In this paper, I describe variety of works that technical staffs of MMBS engage, and a part of research work we are performing.

著者

並河 洋

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ : 日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

no.20, pp.3-4, 2006-02-20

著者

川田 伸一郎

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ : 日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

no.20, pp.41-50, 2006-02-20

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The taxonomy of Japanese moles, genus Mogera, has been confused since the early 1990s, because of the poorly defined type locality of M. wogura and morphological variability within the genus. Genetic research in recent decades has clarified the taxonomic problems of Japanese moles. This paper uses Japanese moles to discuss the importance of karyological study in mammal species recognition. Chromosomal rearrangements are considered likely to have an important role in species diversification of Japanese moles, resulting from postmating isolation mechanisms induced by abnormal meiosis in heterozygotic hybrids. It is well known that recombination leads to gametes with an unbalanced complement of chromosomal segments in inversion or reciprocal translocation heterozygotes. In the case of Japanese moles, four species of Japanese moles, M. etigo, M. imaizumii, M. tokudae and M. wogura, each have a distinct karyotype and/or morphological traits, and are thus considered to be full species endemic to Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu.

著者

松浦 啓一

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ : 日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

no.31, pp.5-11, 2011-08-20

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Taxonomy is recognized as an important infrastructure of biodiversity research and nature conservation. However, taxonomy itself has been declining in terms of number of taxonomists and expertise covering various taxonomic groups. The animal taxonomy in Japan is not an exception. How can animal taxonomists improve this situation? This paper provides several suggestions including basic assessments on animal taxonomy in Japan (e.g., number of taxonomists and number of specialists on various animal taxa), making a nation-wide list of animals in Japan, research projects by groups of different specialists covering different animal taxa, and using biodiversity databases to implement new researches on distribution and phylogeography.