著者

芹澤 知広

出版者

京都大学大学院アジア・アフリカ地域研究研究科

雑誌

アジア・アフリカ地域研究 = Asian and African area studies (ISSN:13462466)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.2, pp.227-257, 2018-03

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「ヌン族の華人(Hoa Nùng)」は, 1945年の第二次世界大戦の終結後, 現在のベトナム・クァンニン省(当時のハイニン省)に成立した「ヌン自治区」の住民のうち, 1954年の南北分離によってベトナム南部(当時のベトナム共和国)へと移住した人々である. この語は, 現在のベトナムの行政用語の「ヌン族」と「ホア族(華人)」にはうまくあてはまらない民族集団を指すための学術用語として, 現在ベトナムの研究者が用いている言葉から借りている. またベトナム南部華人社会の民俗用語では, かれらを指して広東語で「防城人」や「海防人」という言葉が使われている. かれらの民族性は, 中越国境地域という文化的な共通性をもった領域を土壌とし, ハイニンという特定の場所で, 19世紀から20世紀にかけての特異な歴史状況の下で, 育まれたものである. そして, その民族性の中心に, かれらの移動とともに, ハイニンからベトナム南部へと移動した「護国観音廟」という宗教施設がある. 護国観音廟や他のヌン族の華人の民間信仰の廟宇には, 「案首公公」, 「伏波将軍」, 「社王」, 「高山大王」など, 中越国境地域沿岸部やベトナム北部に固有の神々が今も祭祀されている.This paper reports the findings of field studies in China, Vietnam, and Australia into the gods worshiped by the Hoa Nung people. The Hoa Nung are a group of ethnic Chinese who migrated from southern China in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries and settled in Hai Ninh province (the present Quang Ninh province), northern Vietnam. The settlement's central religious facility in Ha Coi (the present Quang Ha) was the temple of the Goddess of Mercy, Wu Guo Guan Yin Miao (Mieu Quan Am Ho Quoc). In 1954, when the communist government led by Ho Chi Minh occupied their autonomous region, the Hoa Nung undertook a massive migration from northern to southern Vietnam. During this migration, the temple gods also migrated to the south. In addition to many places in southern Vietnam, branches of worship were also established in Australia after the fall of Saigon in 1975. Politicians that have been important to the people in the borderland between China and Vietnam throughout history are included among the gods.

著者

藤倉 達郎

出版者

京都大学大学院アジア・アフリカ地域研究研究科

雑誌

アジア・アフリカ地域研究 (ISSN:13462466)

巻号頁・発行日

no.13, pp.101-111, 2013

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This introductory article to the special issue remembering Professor Adachi Akira recollects some aspects of his life and thoughts by looking at some of his writings. It starts from his essay on his undergraduate days at Kyoto University when he was a student of sanitary engineering interested in environmental issues but was disillusioned by professors who spent their carrier, for example, researching about how to contain radioactive waste in cement blocks and dispose them into the sea. The article then reviews some of his academic writings, starting from his study on the labor exchange system in Sinhalese agricultural settlements, moving onto his critical anthropological writings on development, and to his discussions of 'actor-network theory' as an exposition of a 'non-modernist' area studies. Through this article, I seek to mark out parts of his intellectual itinerary, noting the transformations as well as his enduring concerns such as empirical accuracy, openness, embracement of contingency and complexity, and ecology in its broadest sense.

著者

中村 沙絵

出版者

京都大学大学院アジア・アフリカ地域研究研究科

雑誌

アジア・アフリカ地域研究 (ISSN:13462466)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.2, pp.174-211, 2014-02-28 (Released:2015-01-09)

参考文献数

23

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This article is about dying, death and care-giving in an old people’s home in Sri Lanka. While the majority of older Sri Lankans still live with their adult children, roughly 200 old people’s homes provide social safety nets for those who lack familial support. Ageing and especially dying in an old people’s home without emotional or physical support of one’s kith and kin seemed to be not only exceptional but also a tragic experience for both residents and staff. Through a case study of an old people’s home on the south-western coast of Sri Lanka, this study explores how the staff strove to define their relation with dying residents and how they made sense of their care-giving activity in an ethical way. While caring for dying residents, staff sometimes expressed their sense of ‘kalakirima,’ or despair with life. Their narratives showed that they were deeply involved in the suffering of residents, not through empathy (“If I were you”), but because they themselves were subject to similar kinds of suffering: suffering due to dying, and suffering due to the contingency of life. Staff tried to give good care to residents because they would wish to be treated in the same way if they were to spend their final years in such an institution. In examining such narratives, this article seeks to find common ground between their (staff members’) ethics and ours, reflecting on several earlier works on care ethics in Japan.

著者

新井 一寛

出版者

京都大学大学院アジア・アフリカ地域研究研究科

雑誌

アジア・アフリカ地域研究 (ISSN:13462466)

巻号頁・発行日

no.6, pp.471-488, 2006

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This article elucidates the initial formation process of a Sufi order through a certain saint's relation with his devotees. This saint is a descendant of Prophet Muhammad. His devotees think that he has knowledge of Islam, special power by which he can even kill people, and personal magnetism. I consider that the community that is formed around the saint is one in which devotees share the original Islamic view of the world, and which represents the initial state of Sufi orders before systematization. Before the 19th century, when the institutionalization and systematization of Sufi orders by the state started, there were religious groups centering on a certain charismatic person in Egypt.

著者

櫻田 智恵

出版者

京都大学大学院アジア・アフリカ地域研究研究科

雑誌

アジア・アフリカ地域研究 = Asian and African area studies (ISSN:13462466)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.93-99, 2016-11

著者

井戸 雄大

出版者

京都大学大学院アジア・アフリカ地域研究研究科

雑誌

アジア・アフリカ地域研究 = Asian and African area studies (ISSN:13462466)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.1, pp.93-97, 2010-09

著者

山本 博之

出版者

京都大学大学院アジア・アフリカ地域研究研究科

雑誌

アジア・アフリカ地域研究 = Asian and African area studies (ISSN:13462466)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.1, pp.97-100, 2008-09

著者

木村 周平

出版者

京都大学大学院アジア・アフリカ地域研究研究科

雑誌

アジア・アフリカ地域研究 (ISSN:13462466)

巻号頁・発行日

no.8, pp.195-214, 2008

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description and analysis of policies to control future earthquake damage in Istanbul, Turkey, conducted by Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (IMM) after a big earthquake hit the northwestern part of Turkey in 1999. Refl ecting the recent move in the social science literature to take not only the Humanosphere but also the Biosphere and the Geosphere and their interrelationship into account, earthquake damage is considered as an outcome of interaction between the Humanosphere and the Geosphere. Thus anti-seismic policies can be viewed as efforts to predict behavior of the Geosphere and to regulate the undesirable consequence of that interaction. This paper discusses three projects. The fi rst is a study called "micro-zoning" conducted by JICA and IMM, which aims to visualize risk of future earthquake spatially. The second is the Istanbul Earthquake Master Plan prepared by IMM and Turkish four leading universities. The third is a pilot project of the Master Plan conducted in Zeytinburnu district. I will describe these projects as hybrid networks of organizations, scientific procedures, objects, law, and abstract ideas such as local community and participation, and analyze how the issue of damage caused by future earthquakes was introduced into those policies and transformed in the tense relationships among the multiple actors in these networks.

著者

木村 周平

出版者

京都大学大学院アジア・アフリカ地域研究研究科

雑誌

アジア・アフリカ地域研究 (ISSN:13462466)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.2, pp.195-214, 2009

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<p>This paper is an attempt to provide an anthropological (in Bruno Latour's sense) description and analysis of policies to control future earthquake damage in Istanbul, Turkey, conducted by Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (IMM) after a big earthquake hit the northwestern part of Turkey in 1999.</p><p>Reflecting the recent move in the social science literature to take not only the Humanosphere but also the Biosphere and the Geosphere and their interrelationship into account, earthquake damage is considered as an outcome of interaction between the Humanosphere and the Geosphere. Thus anti-seismic policies can be viewed as efforts to predict behavior of the Geosphere and to regulate the undesirable consequence of that interaction.</p><p>This paper discusses three projects. The first is a study called "micro-zoning" conducted by JICA and IMM, which aims to visualize risk of future earthquake spatially. The second is the Istanbul Earthquake Master Plan prepared by IMM and Turkish four leading universities. The third is a pilot project of the Master Plan conducted in Zeytinburnu district. I will describe these projects as hybrid networks of organizations, scientific procedures, objects, law, and abstract ideas such as <i>local community</i> and <i>participation</i>, and analyze how the issue of damage caused by future earthquakes was introduced into those policies and transformed in the tense relationships among the multiple actors in these networks.</p>

著者

津村 文彦

出版者

京都大学大学院アジア・アフリカ地域研究研究科

雑誌

アジア・アフリカ地域研究 = Asian and African area studies (ISSN:13462466)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.1, pp.59-62, 2013-11

著者

水野 一晴

出版者

京都大学大学院アジア・アフリカ地域研究研究科

雑誌

アジア・アフリカ地域研究 = Asian and African area studies (ISSN:13462466)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.1, pp.114-117, 2014-11

著者

下條 尚志

出版者

京都大学大学院アジア・アフリカ地域研究研究科

雑誌

アジア・アフリカ地域研究 = Asian and African area studies (ISSN:13462466)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.1, pp.101-106, 2008-09

著者

小川 さやか

出版者

京都大学大学院アジア・アフリカ地域研究研究科

雑誌

アジア・アフリカ地域研究 (ISSN:13462466)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.2, pp.579-599, 2007-03-31 (Released:2018-12-05)

参考文献数

17

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This paper analyzes how the unique business practices of small-scale traders dealing in second-hand clothes have changed under the recent socio-economic transformation in Tanzania. The business practices described here involve a kind of credit transaction called mali kauli, which is conducted by middlemen and micro-scale retailers. This transaction conferred many economic benefits to both kinds of merchants when I conducted research in 2001-02. However, middlemen and retailers were finding it difficult to sustain this type of transaction in 2003-05, when I conducted further research, because of dramatic socio-economic structural changes taking place in Tanzania. When their business reached this critical situation, the problems faced by both middlemen and retailers was not how they should respond to situational change by individual action or by collective action but how they should reconstruct their personal economic relations by using the logic of reciprocity. In conclusion, I argue that the business practices have changed through the manipulation of the power relationship between middleman and retailers, who are trying to be self-dependent and social at the same time.

著者

大谷 琢磨

出版者

京都大学大学院アジア・アフリカ地域研究研究科

雑誌

アジア・アフリカ地域研究 (ISSN:13462466)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.1, pp.1-25, 2023-09-30 (Released:2023-10-27)

参考文献数

51

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This paper clarifies the practices of motorcycle taxi drivers in urban Uganda to create norms and acquire customers at their customer waiting area. In Uganda, motorcycle taxis are the main means of transport. They are used in everyday life and business settings. Motorcycle taxi drivers wait for customers in a specific area called a “stage.” They form voluntary organizations at their stage and set up committees called “lukiikos,” which have many roles including providing mutual aid and regulating admission. The committees set up rules, and members monitor drivers’ behavior in and around each stage. Under the committee’s control, drivers maintain the quality of service. Therefore, each stage is premised on a system by which the committee members guide drivers in line with customary group values and norms. Through this system, drivers provide accurate and quick transport and build trust with people around their stage. This has led to the motorcycle taxi becoming an important mode of transport for citizens in these areas.

著者

黄 潔

出版者

京都大学大学院アジア・アフリカ地域研究研究科

雑誌

アジア・アフリカ地域研究 (ISSN:13462466)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.2, pp.153-183, 2020-03-31 (Released:2020-04-29)

参考文献数

62

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This paper aims to reconsider the kinship organization of ethnic groups in China with a case study of the Dong people, a Tai-speaking ethnic group that inhabits Southern China. It questions the uncritical application in earlier research of the research pattern of the Han Chinese to the analysis of the kinship of non-Han minorities in China, which leads to ignorance of ethnic characteristics and identity. Specifically, this paper rethinks the view of Dong society through reexamination of the customs and practices of the model of kinship and marriage among Dong people, namely, apl weex bux lagx (combination between different descent groups) and pak singv kkeip (intermarriage ignoring the surname system). It is pointed out that the Dong people’s kinship organization is similar to that of the Han Chinese. However, according to field research, Dong people continue to practice their own model of kinship with the Dong language, though as an ethnic group that lacks a writing system, the Dong have also been strongly influenced by the customs of the Han Chinese. These two aspects are characteristic of the Dong people’s kinship organization. In this case, the use of the Chinese language as a written language to express and practice their kinship organization make it appear to have similar characteristics to that of the Han Chinese. It is found that a series of unique social cultural systems have been produced within Dong society as a result of the fact that the Dong people’s kinship organization has both similarities and differences in comparison with that of the Han Chinese and because of the pressure from the tense relationship between using the ethnic language and Chinese language.

著者

石内 良季

出版者

京都大学大学院アジア・アフリカ地域研究研究科

雑誌

アジア・アフリカ地域研究 (ISSN:13462466)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.1, pp.182-185, 2020-09-30

著者

山川 篤子

出版者

京都大学大学院アジア・アフリカ地域研究研究科

雑誌

アジア・アフリカ地域研究 (ISSN:13462466)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.2, pp.229-233, 2012-03

著者

吉村 千恵

出版者

京都大学大学院アジア・アフリカ地域研究研究科

雑誌

アジア・アフリカ地域研究 (ISSN:13462466)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.2, pp.220-256, 2011-03-31 (Released:2018-12-05)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

1

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By examining how care is practiced in the community in Thailand from the perspective of people with disabilities (PWDs), this paper attempts to trace how “disability” enhances communication between PWDs and people in the community, and how it organizes the human network towards formation of a new community that shares commonality and sociality.PWDs have needs for care which the public care system does not sufficiently support. The more severe their disability, the greater will be demand for care to meet their basic daily care needs. Therefore, most Thais with disabilities who live in a community depend on care given by family or neighbors. It is not uncommon in Thai society for family take care of a disabled member with the cooperation of a wider network of kin. In addition to family support, most PWDs can utilize inexpensive community services. Thus, PWDs live closely with people in the community.In my investigation in Thailand, however, the role of “care” is not only in providing services for PWDs. It also functions as a tool for building relationships between PWDs and people in the community, as well as among PWDs. Through the practice of care, PWDs construct new relationships and re-define what they can and can not do. This means that disability no longer depends solely on the physical condition of PWDs, but rather that it must be defined as being created in the social processes involving both the PWDs and the surrounding environment.Relationships among PWDs as well as between PWDs and non-PWDs are based on the fact of “disability.” Due to this common premise, PWDs and community members can have basic communication, and PWDs can gain care from them smoothly. In their community, PWDs manage their life and getting care by using disability as a skill of communication. Through cooperative activities of care, PWDs are creating a new community by sharing the common experience of disability and care, extending the practice of care into the public sphere.

著者

岩田 剛

出版者

京都大学大学院アジア・アフリカ地域研究研究科

雑誌

アジア・アフリカ地域研究 = Asian and African area studies (ISSN:13462466)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.1, pp.75-88, 2008-09

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This essay aims to explore the concept of "shame–honor" in Bugis–Makassar society in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The concept of "shame–honor" is known locally as siri' and is noted by scholars to be one of the most important cultural values for the Bugis–Makassar people. In previous research, siri' has been mostly discussed in malefemale relationships, especially in regards to elopement or as the motive for numerous murders. Little research has been conducted about the role of siri' in other forms of social relationships in Bugis–Makassar society. This essay attempts to clarify and show the importance of "maseddi siri' " ("unite in siri' "), a phrase that encourages people to join together in groups to defend their honor. Using historical facts and newspaper articles, the essay will show how these action groups can form at different levels (kinship, neighborhood, transmigrants, guerillas, ethnic groups, and kingdoms) for different purposes. The paper will also show that people in Bugis–Makassar society can "unite in siri' " according to their specifi c situations.

出版者

京都大学大学院アジア・アフリカ地域研究研究科

雑誌

アジア・アフリカ地域研究 (ISSN:13462466)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.1, pp.151-164, 2006-08-31 (Released:2018-12-05)

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青山和佳.『貧困の民族誌: フィリピン・ダバオ市のサマの生活』東京大学出版会,2006 年,414p.+xi 玉置 泰明 Itaru Ohta and Yntiso D. Gebre eds. Displacement Risks in Africa: Refugees, Resettlers, and Their Host Population. Kyoto: Kyoto University Press and Melbourne: Trans Pacific Press, 2005, 394p. +xv Mamo Hebo Ian Scoones. Science, Agriculture and the Politics of Policy: The Case of Biotechnology in India. New Delhi: Orient Longman Private Limited, 2006, 417p. 秋山 晶子