著者

朝倉 彰

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ:日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, pp.20-27, 2002-02-20 (Released:2018-03-30)

著者

石川 忠

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ:日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, pp.20-33, 2005-08-20 (Released:2018-03-30)

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The family Reduviidae, or assassin bugs, is highly diverse in its number of taxa, morphology, habitat, and feeding behavior. It is the second largest family in terms of the number of species, in the suborder Heteroptera, or true bugs, with about 6,800 species classified into at least 23 subfamilies. The diversity in morphology is explained here using examples of four subfamilies, viz., the Harpactorinae having a general form, the Emesinae characterized by a strikingly slender body and appendages, the Holoptilinae with the body and appendages densely covered with very long setae, and the Phymatinae having forelegs strongly specialized for capturing prey. Reduviids are found on the living leaves of trees, on tree trunks, under the bark of rotten trees, on dead branches with leaves, in grasslands, including marshes, among leaf-litter of forest floors, and so on. Among the subfamilies in the Reduviidae, the Centrocnemidinae exclusively live on the tree trunks and their body surface strongly resembles a trunk in color and structure; the Emesinae contains unique inhabitants of lava tubes and spider webs. All reduviids are predatory and food items range from small arthropods, such as insects, to mammal blood, including that of humans. Different subfamilies or tribes have developed distinctive feeding methods and behavior. For example, the Harpactorinae pin their prey using the anteriorly extended rostrum, and the Emesinae catch their prey by the quick movement of their raptorial forelegs. The history of taxonomic and faunal studies on the Japanese Reduviidae is briefly documented. Eighty-two species in 45 genera (nine subfamilies) are currently recognized in Japan. Finally, approximately 120 species are estimated to occur in the country.

著者

中坊 徹次

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ:日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, pp.31-54, 2011-02-20 (Released:2018-03-30)

参考文献数

140

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Oncorhynchus kawamurae (Osteichthyes : Salmonidae) (Japanese name "Kunimasu"), a species endemic to Lake Tazawa, Akita Prefecture, Japan, was believed to have become extinct just before World War II. However, it was discovered in March and April, 2010 in Lake Saiko, Yamanashi Prefecture, one of the lakes to which eyed eggs of the species were introduced in 1935. The species is unique within Oncorhynchus in occurring normally in depths of 150-270m (water temperature 3.8-4.2℃), and spawning in 105-225m depth around September (3.8-4.5℃) and 15m depth (shallowest recorded) around February (3.0-4.6℃). Although Kunimasu shares the lake-spawning characteristic with the North American kokanee (O. nerka), no populations of the latter occur and spawn in such depths or temperatures. The specific distinctiveness of the black-coloured kunimasu from kokanee is here supported by morphological and biological characteristics recorded in pre-1941 literature. Because of the low temperatures tolerated during spawning, Kunimasu may have been derived from a population of "O. nerka" in the early Pleistocene (ca. 160 my BP), Lake Tazawa having become established at about that time. Subsequent climatic changes during the Pleistocene and Holocene resulted in the species necessarily moving into colder (deeper) water.

著者

金子 奈都美 窪寺 恒己

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ:日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, pp.38-43, 2007-02-20 (Released:2018-03-30)

参考文献数

14

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Specimens of two small octopus species collected from intertidal waters of the Ryukyus were identified as species of Abdopus, based on the following combination of characters: small to medium body (<70mm ML) with long arms (>4×ML), arm autotomy, number of gill lamellae (6-7 per demibranch), enlarged suckers on second and third arms of male, hectocotilized arm with small ligula (<2.3% of hectocotylized arm), and highly sculptured skin. Two specimens collected at Oku and Sesoko, northern parts of Okinawa Island were identified as A. abaculus due to the presence of large circular white spots on dorsal mantle and dorsal arm surfaces. Four specimens collected from Awase at Okinawa Island, Kabira at Ishigaki Island, and Nakano at Iriomote Island were identified as A. aculeatus by their brownish yellow body color, comparatively large body (37.7-51.0mm), long arms (6-9×ML), and highly sculptured skin with primary papillae on dorsal mantle and above eyes. Abdopus aculeatus had been confused with Octopus oliveri in the Japanese literature. These two species were distinguished by arm length (<5×ML in O. oliveri), number of gill lamellae (7-8 in O. oliveri), body color (dark purple in O. oliveri), presence of papillae above the eyes (absent in O. oliveri), and shape of penis (V-shape in O. oliveri versus linear in A. aculeatus). These specimens are the first records of Abdopus from Japanese waters as well as the northern-most records for both species.

著者

島野 智之

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ:日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, pp.64-65, 2022-08-31 (Released:2022-08-31)

参考文献数

8

著者

長澤 和也 谷口 倫太郎

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ:日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, pp.29-37, 2021-08-31 (Released:2021-08-31)

参考文献数

45

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An adult female of the argulid branchiuran Argulus coregoni Thorell, 1864 was collected from the dorsal body surface of an oily bitterling, Tanakia limbata (Temminck and Schlegel, 1846) (Cyprinidae: Acheilognathinae), in the lower reaches of the Asahi River, Okayama Prefecture, western Japan. This represents a new host record for A. coregoni and its new prefectural record in Japan. The external morphology of the female collected is reported in detail. Tanakia limbata is the second acheilognathine host of A. coregoni. The occurrence of A. coregoni on the oily bitterling is unusual because this parasite usually infects various salmonids and ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis Temminck and Schlegel, 1846 (Plecoglossidae), in the upper and middle or lower-reaches of rivers, respectively, in central and western Japan. The individual of A. coregoni probably parasitized the oily bitterling after detachment from ayu near the collection locality.

著者

三中 信宏

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ:日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, pp.95-101, 2005-08-20 (Released:2018-03-30)

著者

鶴崎 展巨

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ:日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, pp.4-16, 2022-02-28 (Released:2022-03-01)

参考文献数

67

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Reproductive interference may be liable to occur in harvestmen, because of their non-elaborated mating behavior and presence of nuptial gifts that may elicit females’ less discrimination to mates. Thus, it is probable that a substantial difference in body size is crucial for building sympatry for two closely related species of harvestmen lacking an effective pre-mating barrier for reproductive isolation. I will review some possible cases of character displacement found in Japanese harvestmen: 1) Leiobunum montanum and L. hiraiwai: These two species occurring widely in beech forests in western Japan show a checkerboard pattern of distribution, i.e., they do not coexist in a single local area. A single exception to the rule is found on the northern slope of Mt. Hyonosen, Tottori, where L. montanum getting extremely elongated body coexists with L. hiraiwai. 2) Gagrellula ferruginea and G. testacea: Distributional ranges of the two species meet at the western part of Hiroshima Prefecture, making a narrow zone of sympatry, though a few introgressions of genes are also indicated. Gagrellula testacea becomes smaller in Kyushu where larger G. grandis occurs and attains the smallest body in Shikoku where it becomes sympatric with G. ferruginea. Other examples include 3) Nelima genufusca, N. nigricoxa, and related species; 4) Pseudobiantes japonicus and Epedanellus tuberculatus (Laniatores: Epedanidae).

著者

小松 美英子

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ:日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, pp.1-16, 2009-08-20 (Released:2018-03-30)

参考文献数

123

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Echinoderms display a great range of life histories, which my students, colleagues, and I have documented though our studies of 42 species, including one echinoid, one holothuroid, four ophiuroids, and 36 asteroids. Here, the general features of echinoderm reproduction are reviewed as they concern the following topics: pairing behavior, brooding, sexual dimorphism, dioecism/hermaphroditism, and others. Larval form in these echinoderms has been modified in various ways through adaptation to planktonic, benthic, intra-gonadal, or intra-gastric larval habitats. The elucidation by Kanatani of the hormonal control mechanism of reproduction in asteroids has provided a means to investigate various aspects of their life history in detail, especially in the genera Asterina, Astropecten, and Luidia. We have found asteroids that pass through a wrinkled blastula stage, divergences among species of Asterina and Astropectinidae, astropectinid sea stars with a newly discovered barrel-shaped larva, and the limits of occurrence of the non-brachiolarian type of development in the Astropectinidae and Luidiidae. The life history of astropectinid species, including both a bipinnaria and a barrel-shaped larva, differs from that of luiidiids, with only a bipinnaria. On this basis, we suggest that the Astropectinidae and Luidiidae probably do not belong to the same ordinal-level taxonomic group. This result agrees with the 18S rDNA-based asteroid phylogeny previously reported by Matsubara and us.

著者

大塚 攻 田中 隼人

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ:日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, pp.49-62, 2020

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<p>One of the major crustacean groups, Maxillopoda had accommodated Mystacocarida, Copepoda, Thecostraca, Tantulocarida, Ostracoda, Branchiura, Pentastomida, and some fossil taxa, and was generally defined by some combinations of the following characters: body tagma composed of 5 cephalic, 6 (or 7) thoracic and 5 (or 4) abdominal somites; male gonopore (s) located on the first abdominal somite; uniramous antennules; naupliar eyes with tapetal cells, and so on. However, the monophyly of maxillopodans is totally rejected by a number of genetic analyses, while palaeontological and morphological approaches still recognize not only maxillopodans but also entomostracans as valid taxa. Since this issue is not well documented in Japan, the present paper briefly introduces modern phylogenetic studies on maxillopodan crustaceans, in particular Copepoda and Ostracoda.</p>

著者

古屋 秀隆

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ:日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, pp.3-12, 2020

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<p>Dicyemids (phylum Dicyemida) are endosymbionts that typically are found in the renal sac of benthic cephalopod molluscs. The dicyemid bodies consist of only 8 to 40 cells, which are the fewest in number of cells in metazoans, and are organized very simply. Typically, two or three dicyemid species are found in a single specimen of the host, and most of them show high host specificity. Dicyemid species have been examined in the benthic cephalopods collected from the Kumano Sea at a seafloor depth of 150–400 m using bottom trawl nets since 2013. Twenty-five undescribed species of dicyemids, included in five genera, were found in 15 species of cephalopods. There is a considerable diversity of dicyemids in relatively narrow range of localities of the Kumano Sea. Here current taxonomic studies on dicyemid fauna in the Kumano Sea are briefly reported.</p>

著者

Grygier Mark J. Olesen Jorgen

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ:日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, 2000

著者

磯野 直秀

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ:日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, pp.14-18, 1999-02-15 (Released:2018-03-30)

参考文献数

3

著者

岩坪 洸樹 本村 浩之

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ:日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, pp.21-27, 2014-08-28 (Released:2018-03-30)

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Some species of damselfishes (Pomacentridae) have a bright blue body color. The body surface of these species has scattered iridophores, which induce changes in their blue coloration. The blue color is readily converted to blackish color during formalin fixation of fresh specimens, making it difficult to take photographs of specimens of bluish damselfishes representing live coloration. In this study, an innovative method for restoring the blue coloration in formalin fixed specimens of bluish damselfishes is described. Chromatophore conditions before and after the blue coloration restoration are also illustrated. In addition, a glycerol penetration method to preserve the blue coloration of glycerin immersion preserved specimens are discussed.

著者

斉藤 知己

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ:日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, pp.33-46, 2008-02-20 (Released:2018-03-30)

参考文献数

34

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An overview of the taxonomy of the stenopodidean shrimp family, Spongicolidae Schram, 1986 (Crustacea: De capoda) is provided. The family contains 34 described species of 6 genera: Globospongicola Komai and Saito, 2006, Microprosthema Stimpson, 1860, Paraspongicola de Saint Laurent and Cleva, 1981, Spongicola de Haan, 1844, Spongicoloides Hansen, 1908 and Spongiocaris Bruce and Baba, 1973. Only Microprosthema comprises free-living species in shallow rocky reefs, while shrimps of the other genera are primarily obligate symbionts of deep-water hexactinellid sponges, living in the atrium of hosts. Some of recent taxonomic studies are presented here. Larval development and geographic and bathymetric distributions of species are briefly discussed. The phylogenetic study clarified Microprosthema as the most basal genus, and Spongicoloides and Spongiocaris as the most derived genera among spongicolids. Decrease in number of gills and that of exopods on the second and third maxillipeds, and the loss of spiniation on carapace, pereopods and abdomen in the spongicolids (except for Microprosthema) were considered secondarily derived in relation to their sponge-associated habitat.

著者

岡西 政典

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ:日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, pp.17-21, 2016-02-29 (Released:2018-03-30)

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Paleontologists have long reconstructed phylogeny using comparisons between fossil record and recent taxa. On the other hand, biologists reconstruct phylogeny using molecules to produce a tree which they constrain using fossils and geographic events to provide estimates for phylogenetic events. Taking both extant and extinct species into account for systematic revisions is essential for biologists and paleontologists. In this paper, I demonstrate example of how paleontological methods, such as preparing thin sections and using x-ray and CT scans can also be applied to extant invertebrates. I provide further discussion of how robust integration between paleontologists and biologists is rewarding to both disciplines.

著者

岡西 政典

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ:日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, pp.1-15, 2013-08-30 (Released:2018-03-30)

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The order Euryalida Lamarck, 1816 (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) comprises 4 families, 48 genera and about 190 species and is known from marine water. By the examination of type specimens of 117 species, taxonomy of euryalid genera and species from the Western Pacific are revised. With junior synonymizations of 2 species and descriptions of 1 genus and 5 species, a total of 120 species were recognized in this region. Molecular phylogeny based on mitochondrial and nuclear genes reviewed family-level systematics of the order.

著者

田中 颯 若林 香織

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ:日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, pp.22-29, 2016-02-29 (Released:2018-03-30)

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Two forms of test are known in a fibulariid sea urchin, Fibulariella acuta (Yoshiwara, 1898). One is a "rice grain-shaped" in which both the anterior and the posterior tips are pointed. Another is an "egg-shaped" in which the anterior tip is pointed but the posterior is broad. This species was originally described as "egg-shaped;" nevertheless, the post described drawing of the syntype by the same author showed its "rice grain-shaped." Although many taxonomic examinations have been made to understand the meaning of difference between the two forms, the meaning has not been clarified until today. We here compared the external morphologies of the test and pedicellariae between the two forms based on 59 specimens from Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. In addition to the external outline of the tests, morphology of pedicellariae was clearly different between the rice grain-shaped and egg-shaped specimens as follows: the former had three types of pedicellariae (globiferous, bidentate, and biphyllous), whereas the latter had only two types (globiferous and bidentate). These morphological differences suggest that the two forms of F. acuta should be revised as two different species.

著者

中野 隆文

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ:日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, pp.54-66, 2013

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

1

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An amendment to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature was passed on 4th Sept 2012 that formally establishes ZooBank as the online version of the Official Register of Zoological Nomenclature, and allows valid publication of new nomenclatural acts in electronic-only journals as well as electronic-first works. The amendment requires electronic-only, and electronic-first works to be registered in ZooBank, and to include the registration number ('ZooBank LSID') in the publication. Although registration of the names and nomenclatural acts themselves is not yet required for their availability, the amendment encourages authors to register all new names and nomenclatural acts, whether they are introduced in e-only publications or in standard paper publications as well as publications, names and acts that have been previously published. This paper provides a practical instruction manual in Japanese to assist taxonomists to register their work in ZooBank based on its new version 3.1.

著者

中村 潤平 本村 浩之

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ:日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, pp.41-48, 2020-02-29 (Released:2020-03-13)

参考文献数

19

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Thirty-two specimens (124.1–365.0 mm standard length) of Saurida undosquamis (Richardson, 1848) (Aulopiformes: Synodontidae), previously recorded from the Indo-West Pacific from Persian Gulf, Chagos Archipelago, Andaman Sea to Taiwan, Southeast Asia, Papua New Guinea and northern half and southwestern Australia, were collected from the mainland of Kagoshima Prefecture and Tanega-shima island in the Osumi Islands, southern Japan. These specimens represent the first records of S. undosquamis from Japanese waters and include the northernmost records (Kasasa, west coast of Satsuma Peninsula) for the species. The Japanese specimens are described here in detail and the new Japanese name “Tsukeage-eso” is proposed for the species.