1 0 0 0 農業蟻(下) : マツコツク著自然の職人より
1 0 0 0 OA 農業蟻(下) : マツコツク著自然の職人より
- 著者
- TAKIZAWA,Haruo
- 出版者
- 東京昆蟲學會
- 雑誌
- 昆蟲
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.43, no.4, 1975-12-25
The approximatus-group of Cryptocephalus in Japan is reviewed. As the result the group is shown comprising 4 closely allied species, approximatus BALY, fortunatus BALY, nitidulus FABRICIUS and one new species, aeneoblitus, instead of 1 to 3 species as hitherto treated by authors. Morphological characters and biological or distributional data of these species are presented.
1 0 0 0 OA 日本産 Zonitis 属 2 種の雄交尾器 : ツチハンミョウ科の研究 III
1 0 0 0 OA ツマグロキゲンセイ本州箕面に産す
- 著者
- KO,Chiun Cheng
- 出版者
- 東京昆蟲學會
- 雑誌
- 昆蟲
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.60, no.1, 1992-03-25
Rhachisphora QUAINTANCE et BAKER of Taiwan including 5 named species and 3 new species are reviewed : R. ardisiae (TAKAHASHI, 1935), R. koshunensis (TAKAHASHI, 1933), R. machili (TAKAHASHI, 1932), R. maesae (TAKAHASHI, 1932), R. reticulata (TAKAHASHI, 1933), R. alishanensis Ko, n. sp., R. sanhsianensis Ko, n. sp. and R. taiwana Ko, n. sp. A key is presented with accompanying illustrations and photographs.
- 著者
- SAITO,Tosihisa
- 出版者
- 東京昆蟲學會
- 雑誌
- 昆蟲
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.47, no.3, 1979-09-25
The Japanese female-brachypterous oecophorid species are revised. Two species, Diurnea cupreifera (BUTLER) n. comb. and Cheimophila fumida (BUTLER), are redescribed, and D. issikii is described as new. An account of the immature stages of D. cupreifera is given. Xenomicta MEYRICK is newly placed in synonymy with Diurnea HAWORTH.
- 著者
- KIFUNE Teiji MAETA Yasuo
- 出版者
- 東京昆蟲學會
- 雑誌
- 昆蟲
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.53, no.3, pp.426-435, 1985
Xenos formosanus, X. circularis, and X. yamaneorum spp. nov. (Strepsiptera, Stylopidae) are described, which are parasitic on Vespa velutina flavitarsus, Polistes rothneyi gressitti, and P. gigas (Hymenoptera, Vespidae), respectively. X. moutoni is recorded from Taiwan for the first time as a parasite of V. mandarinia nobilis. Strepsipterous fauna of Taiwan is briefly reviewed.
- 著者
- Sugi,Shigero
- 出版者
- 東京昆蟲學會
- 雑誌
- 昆蟲
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.38, no.2, 1970-06-30
属Brachionychaの2新種を記載した.模式標本のデータは次のとおりである.Brachionycha albicilia Sugiタカセモクメキリガ(新称).長野県大町市葛温泉, 2♂, 12. iv. 1964(倉田稔採集).Brachionycha permixta Sugiタニガワモクメキリガ(新称).群馬県水上町土合口駅, 3♂, 13-14. iv. 1969(中村亮司および中里孝行採集).日本からはすでにBrachionycha nubeculosa jezoensis Matsumuraエゾモクメキリガが知られているので, 日本産の本属は3種となる.
1 0 0 0 オガサワラヒゲヨトウの同定について
Dasythorax ogasawarae Matsumuraオガサワラヒゲヨトウは, 松村(1931, 日本昆虫大図鑑 : 786)によつて図説されたが模式標本は失われたらしく, その正体はかつて不明の蛾であつた.しかし, その図とほぼ一致する蛾が岩手県各地に少なからず産することは岡野磨瑳郎氏によつて発見され, 現在この蛾は上記の学名に同定されている.ただ一つの疑問は, Dasythorax ogasawaraeの原産地が, 小笠原島(父島)と記されていることであるが, 松村博士はしばしば"ogasawarae"という種名を岩手県でとれた蛾に命名しており, それらは標本提供者の名に因むものであつて, 地名を示すものではない.おそらく本種の場合も, その原産地は岩手県であつたものを, 松村博士が誤記したものと推定される.この蛾は, 実はDasythoraxではなく, 属Dasypoliaに属するもので, 中央アジアや蒙古などに産するD.lama Staudinger, 1896と同種であることが判つたので, ここに再記載し, 雄交尾器を図示した.ウスリーから1♀のみで記載されたD. fani Staudinger, 1892は, 上記の種と同種とされているが, 正確には明らかでない.日本における既知産地は, 岩手県(浄法寺, 沼宮内, 盛岡)と長野県(松本市中山, 山形村)の数力所のみで, 11, 12月に出現し, 3月にも1♀が得られている.
- 著者
- TAKIZAWA Haruo
- 出版者
- 東京昆蟲學會
- 雑誌
- 昆蟲
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.43, no.4, pp.422-436, 1975
The approximatus-group of Cryptocephalus in Japan is reviewed. As the result the group is shown comprising 4 closely allied species, approximatus BALY, fortunatus BALY, nitidulus FABRICIUS and one new species, aeneoblitus, instead of 1 to 3 species as hitherto treated by authors. Morphological characters and biological or distributional data of these species are presented.
1 0 0 0 IR ヒメアカホシテントウの野外における捕食活動
- 著者
- 加藤 勉
- 出版者
- 東京昆蟲學會
- 雑誌
- 昆蟲 (ISSN:09155805)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.36, no.1, pp.29-38, 1968
1960∿1963年の3年余にわたり, 福岡市のマサキの生垣に発生したL. corniとC. japonicusを中心とするカイガラムシ類の消長とそれらを捕食するヒメアカホシテントウの活動状況についての調査を行なつた.その結果, この生垣においてはヒメアカホシテントウは秋から春にかけてはL. corniをはじめChr. bifasciculatus, U. euonymi, Pseudococcus sp.などを捕食し, 夏にはC. japonicusを捕食して年間を通して同一場所で活動することが明らかとなつた.また, polyphagousな天敵であるヒメアカホシテントウは時期的に巧みに適餌を転換して, 大発生したL. corniやC. japonicusの個体群密度の低下に大きな役割を果し, polyphagousな天敵の利点を最大に発揮してその有効性を実証した.なお, ヒメアカホシテントウの寄生蜂であるアシガルコバチは成育期間は前者より短いが発生時期が遅く, 夏期におけるヒメアカホシテントウの活動を阻害する大きな要因とはならなかつた.
1 0 0 0 OA ワタアブラムシの生活環と寄主を異にするバイオタイプ
春季および秋季における越冬寄主と中間寄主間で有翅虫を移す飼育実験, 秋季における中間寄主上の無翅虫の個体飼育による両性生殖個体の出現経過に関する実験, 秋季の気象条件下における卵越冬個体と胎生雌越冬個体の飼育実験, 周年にわたる野外観察, などの結果から総合的に判断して, ワタアブラムシは次の四つのバイオタイプがあると考えられた.1)秋季になっても両性生殖個体はまったく出現しないで, オオイヌノフグリやナズナなどの雑草類で胎生雌のまま越冬する不完全生活環; 2)ムクゲを主寄主とする完全生活環で, この中にはムクゲだけで周年経過するものと, コスモスやヒャクニチソウなどを中間寄主として寄主転換するものが含まれる; 3)クロツバラやクロウメモドキ, ツルウメモドキを主寄主として, サトイモやツユクサなどの中間寄主の間を行き来する完全生活環; 4)アカネだけで周年経過する非移住型の完全生活環.
1 0 0 0 ワタアブラムシの生活環と寄主を異にするバイオタイプ
春季および秋季における越冬寄主と中間寄主間で有翅虫を移す飼育実験, 秋季における中間寄主上の無翅虫の個体飼育による両性生殖個体の出現経過に関する実験, 秋季の気象条件下における卵越冬個体と胎生雌越冬個体の飼育実験, 周年にわたる野外観察, などの結果から総合的に判断して, ワタアブラムシは次の四つのバイオタイプがあると考えられた.1)秋季になっても両性生殖個体はまったく出現しないで, オオイヌノフグリやナズナなどの雑草類で胎生雌のまま越冬する不完全生活環; 2)ムクゲを主寄主とする完全生活環で, この中にはムクゲだけで周年経過するものと, コスモスやヒャクニチソウなどを中間寄主として寄主転換するものが含まれる; 3)クロツバラやクロウメモドキ, ツルウメモドキを主寄主として, サトイモやツユクサなどの中間寄主の間を行き来する完全生活環; 4)アカネだけで周年経過する非移住型の完全生活環.
1 0 0 0 日本産アスパラガス加害葉蟲類
1 0 0 0 岡崎常太郎氏 (1880-1977) をしのんで
- 著者
- JACH,Manfred A.
- 出版者
- 東京昆蟲學會
- 雑誌
- 昆蟲
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.56, no.1, 1988-03-25
Hydraena watanabei n. sp. is described from Japan. A key is provided for all Japanese species, whose distributions are shown on sketch maps.
- 著者
- TANAKA,Kazuhiro
- 出版者
- 東京昆蟲學會
- 雑誌
- 昆蟲
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.57, no.4, 1989-12-25
Seasonal food supply for the house spider, Achaearanea tepidariorum, was investigated from 1985 to 1986 on the campus of Hirosaki University, Aomori Prefecture. A total of 1490 animals caught by the spider were collected in the two years census and classified into 15 orders of arthropods, in which wingless animals predominated. The abundance of the wingless animals in the diets might be due to the web structure of this spider. Though the spiders fed at any time, more than half of the prey items were captured during the daytime (6 : 00-18 : 00). The seasonal food supply as inferred from the rate of predation shows an unimodal pattern with a peak in July. The result corresponded well with the seasonal trend of the number of possible prey animals collected by sticky traps in the same field. As this spider continues to reproduce over a long period of time, its nymphal development should be considerably affected by the seasonal food supply.
1 0 0 0 ムカシヤンマの生態 I. 成虫期の生態について
Our knowledge of the biology of Tanypteryx pryeri Selys, the sole representative of an archaic family Petaluridae in the Far East, is still very fragmentary. Since 1956 the author has undertaken ecological studies of this species in the hilly region of Kanazawa-city, Ishikawa Prefecture, Central Japan. The present paper outlines the imaginal life of this species and presents some results of the captive-experiments concerning with the relation between sexual behaviour and territory. Tanypteryx pryeri is a low mountain dweller and is known to occur in Honshu and Kyushu. The flight season is usually in May and June in lower localities of Central Japan. Emergence takes place in the early morning, but in a dark room it occurs notwithstanding the time of a day unless the temperature is extremely low. Since about two weeks before the emergence the nymphs prefer to stay outside their burrows in the daytime. They seem to bath warmth during this period. The type of their emergence resembles that of a Gomphid but shows several interesting characteristics. Exuviae are found clinging mainly on the leaf-face of Houttuynia cordata or Equisetum arvense in Kanazawa area. From a marked area (Mitsukoji) a total of 47 ♂♂ 47 ♀♀ adult dragonflies emerged out in 1959 : Whole duration of emergence was 13 days and the day when 50% of the annual population emerged (EM 50) was reached by the 8th day of emergence. Owing to the heterogeneity, emergence of a reared population (36 ♂♂ 48 ♀♀) was less synchronized : EM 50 was at length reached by the 14th day. Teneral insects fly about to and fro on the sunny slopes in the valley and feed on flying small insects. Since the wing muscles are still rather weak, their flight distance is short, their motion rather sluggish, and they prefer to alight on the trunks of trees. Sometimes they move from shaded valley to a sunny hillside even in the evening, but never show crepuscular activity. When matured (two weeks or so) they come to the mating site. A male insect occupies his territory and defends it against intruders. The place where a territory is frequently settled is an area over which females often come flying about, such an area must have ecologically high potential. Territory of this species is an alighting type and the territorial boundary is obscure if compared with a cruising type shown by Aeschnidae. The duration of territory occupation is not long but rather transient, and the tendency to localize to a definite site is not absolutely strong. When a resident leaves his spot it is soon occupied by a new comer or an invader, probably according to the potential of the site, and, through such a shift of the occupant dynamic equilibrium will be maintained. When a female insect comes flying into a territory the male insect immediately pursues her to mate, but if the passer-by was a male insect or different species a persistent pursuit is not made. The connecting of both sexes occurs sometimes on the ground, the couple then flies away in tandem to some adjacent grove. Copulation takes place clinging on a twig of a small tree. The type of copulation belongs to Anisoptera-type, but it resembles more or less to that of Epiophlebia superstes. Under natural conditions male-by-male coupling, or, coupling with other species hardly occurs, but my captive experiments using a string-tied insect facilitated these erronous behaviours by disturbing or modifying the reactions and flight attitude of the captive test-insect. Male insect even seizes a captive which is of different colours, or of different shapes, or of different sizes, but do not react upon motionless decay, even if it were a true Tanypteryx female. Therefore the first chain of their sexual behaviour must be released by the specific movement of the captive. The territory establishment of this species seems to mean a space and time segregation in a habitat originated from the intra-specific reciprocal reaction, and will result in the dispersal of population density in the mating site. After copulation the female insect separates from the male, and proceeds to anoviposition site. In this species the interference by male insect during oviposition have not been observed. Oviposition is performed by a single female into wet soil, mosses and decaying vegetable matters which cover the ground of a boggy slope along hillside road or forest edge. Females have well developed ovipositor, although the ovipositor type is never endophytic. Details of the larval life and other ecological points of this species will be published in my future papers.