文献一覧: 日本科学哲学会 (出版者)

1 0 0 0 OA Cyberneticsへの夢

著者: 奥山眞紀子
出版者: 日本科学哲学会
雑誌: 科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.29, pp.95-105, 1996-11-15 (Released:2009-05-29)
参考文献数: 12

Cybernetics first introduced by Norbert Wiener in 1940's has been inter- or meta-disciplinary science and this has been one of the most attractive and fruitful aspects of the cybernetics community. In this kind of community many new ideas have been emerged. Here two major conceptual developments of cybernetics would be pointed and discussed. One is the line from self-regulation to self-organization, autopoiesis, and self-reference, and the other is the line from first-order cybernetics to second-order cybernetics. Finally the potentiality of cybernetics to open the door to the new era in the area of medicine and psychotherapy would be discussed with a few brief examples.

2021-01-30 11:24:00
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1 0 0 0 OA 古典命題論理再訪その完全性を中心として

著者: 石本新
出版者: 日本科学哲学会
雑誌: 科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.29, pp.107-125, 1996-11-15 (Released:2009-05-29)
参考文献数: 23

Lukasiewicz-type completeness proof of classical propositional logic is presented coupled with the axiomatic rejection for the logic. This is to the effect of much simplifying the completeness proof. On the basis of the consistency of the logic the cut-elimination theorem in the sense of Gentzen is also demonstrated of the logic making use of the axiomatic rejection.

2021-01-30 11:24:00
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1 0 0 0 OA 命題論理における充足可能性の公理化と公理的拒否の形式化

著者: 金井範夫石本新
出版者: 日本科学哲学会
雑誌: 科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.29, pp.127-137, 1996-11-15 (Released:2009-05-29)
参考文献数: 13

Axiomatic rejection for Aristotle's syllogistic is not fully arranged as a formal system because one of its rejection rules contains a meta-concept. In this paper, we restrict our discussion to the classical propositional logic and reconstruct the rejection system as a formal system with assumptions. Furthermore, we give the axiomatization of satisfiability through a similar way of the reconstruction of the rejection system.

2021-01-30 11:24:00
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1 0 0 0 OA メタ論理的言明は改訂不可能かライトのクワイン批判について

著者: 松阪陽一
出版者: 日本科学哲学会
雑誌: 科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.29, pp.155-167, 1996-11-15 (Released:2009-05-29)

In this note I examine the criticism of Quine's "Two Dogmas" given by Crispin Wright in his "Inventing Logical Necessity". Wright claims, in opposition to Quine, that certain metalogical statements are indeed immune to revision. Without committing myself to Quine's position, I show that Wright's argument is flawed since (1) he overlooks the indispensable role of intuitive reasoning in metalogic, and (2) even if the acceptance of a metalogical statement is presupposed in the test of a certain theory, it does not follow that the very same metalogical statement must be presupposed whenever we put a theory into empirical test.

2021-01-30 11:24:00
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1 0 0 0 OA デュエムの科学哲学における歴史の役割

著者: 安孫子信
出版者: 日本科学哲学会
雑誌: 科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.29, pp.15-30, 1996-11-15 (Released:2009-05-29)

This paper proposes to provide a general view of Duhem's epistemological thought, which is now well-known perhaps only for so called Duhem-Quine thesis.This holistic idea on the 'structure' of the scientific activities is, in Duhem's real work, accompanied by the representationistic idea on the 'aim' of the same activities, and forms with it a total rejection of two dogmatisms, that is, physical realism and empiricism. But although destructive with regard to these dogmatisms, neither holism nor representationism succumbs to skeptic relinquishment. It is the cogency of the scientific history that saves them from stranding in skeptic despair, as well as reinvigorating themselves in dogmatic ambition.

2021-01-30 11:23:00
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1 0 0 0 OA デュエムと現代科学哲学

著者: 横山輝雄
出版者: 日本科学哲学会
雑誌: 科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.29, pp.31-43, 1996-11-15 (Released:2009-05-29)

Duhem-Quine thesis that a single theory can never be tested and decisively refuted by experience is well known among philosophers of science. But Duhem himself did not argue for that thesis. His argument was restricted within physical theories.Duhem has been interpreted as an instrumentalist or conventionalist. But he did not deny the existence of a reality behind the theory. Duhem's realism is very different from contemporary scientific realism. To understand his philosophy of science, it is important to note that he was a Pascalian and argued for intuition as well as logic. His philospophy of science is similar to that of M. Polanyi.

2021-01-30 11:23:00
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1 0 0 0 OA EPR逆説問題の原点へ向かって

著者: 渡辺博
出版者: 日本科学哲学会
雑誌: 科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.27, pp.55-67, 1994-11-18 (Released:2009-05-29)

2021-01-30 11:22:00
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1 0 0 0 OA 論理は真理を保存するか

著者: 秋葉研介
出版者: 日本科学哲学会
雑誌: 科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.27, pp.69-82, 1994-11-18 (Released:2009-05-29)

2021-01-30 11:22:00
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1 0 0 0 OA 投機としての自然主義

著者: 篠原成彦
出版者: 日本科学哲学会
雑誌: 科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.27, pp.83-96, 1994-11-18 (Released:2009-05-29)

2021-01-30 11:22:00
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1 0 0 0 OA カオスの科学の意味を巡って

著者: 渡辺博
出版者: 日本科学哲学会
雑誌: 科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.28, pp.1-15, 1995-11-15 (Released:2009-05-29)

The science of chaos, as a new breed of science, has many features which are not common among modern studies in science. Its subject, chaos, has no clear definition, but its mathematical 'paradigms', i.e. some nonlinear equations, whose solutions share unique intricate patterns, seem to be in many ways revealing hitherto unexpected aspects both of the world and of many researches into it. It is examined in this paper what constitutes the ontological status of mathematical models which would be necessary for the unconditional acceptance of these aspects as genuine ones. The likely physical meaning of nonlinearity, and what it might enable one to explain are also envisaged.

2021-01-30 11:22:00
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1 0 0 0 OA カオス,複雑性,科学方法論

著者: 内井惣七
出版者: 日本科学哲学会
雑誌: 科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.28, pp.17-29, 1995-11-15 (Released:2009-05-29)
参考文献数: 16

The philosophical implications of "chaos" cannot be grasped without clear understanding of such concepts as "determinism", "non-linearity", and "predictability". Beginning with Laplace's classical statement of determinism and predictability, I will sketch Maxwell's and Poincaré's modifications of the statement and their awareness of the significance of nonlinearity. Then I will briefly touch upon what may be suggested by the study of chaos for clarification of the notion of complexity; and, finally, contend that the computation for the study of chaos can be regarded as a kind of inductive basis, which provides the affinity of mathematics and natural sciences, on the one hand, and the continuity of traditional sciences and studies on chaotic systems, on the other.