著者

小山 虎

出版者

日本科学哲学会

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.2, pp.29-45, 2018

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<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;What is the exact relationship between analytic philosophy and philosophy of science? In this paper, I will address this question from the perspective of research traditions, with the help of recent historical studies on analytic philosophy. The two groups are particularly focused: the Polish philosophers and the logical empiricists in Berlin. Neither of them is unknown to us. However, by taking seriously their connection to the development of analytic philosophy and philosophy of science as research traditions, I believe, the understanding of our own tradition may be improved.</p>

著者

三中 信宏

出版者

日本科学哲学会

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.1, pp.43-54, 2007-07-30 (Released:2009-05-29)

参考文献数

32

著者

並木 美喜雄

出版者

日本科学哲学会

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, pp.79-85, 1995-11-15 (Released:2009-05-29)

著者

長谷川 真理子

出版者

日本科学哲学会

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.2, pp.11-23, 2001-11-10 (Released:2009-05-29)

参考文献数

10

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Evolutionary psychology is a psychology informed by evolutionary biology of Homo sapiens. Evolutionary psychology postulates that the human brain, thus human psychological mechanisms have been shaped by natural selection in the specific ecological niche in order to cope with various problems that our ancestors met. Those mechanisms must be the sets of adaptive information-processing, and decision-making algorithms. In order to find out those algorithms, we should have a detailed knowledge about the course of Homo sapiens evolution and its ecological niche as well as a detailed knowledge about the workings of modern human minds. Some examples of previous researches and the future prospects of this decipline are summarised.

著者

石田 正人

出版者

日本科学哲学会

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.1, pp.47-63, 2012-07-30 (Released:2013-06-05)

参考文献数

25

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A commonly shared image of convergence is that of arrays of light aiming at a focus―a projected vanishing-point to which all empirical inquiry strives to converge or the Kantian regulative ideal that reason aims at beyond the boundaries of all possible experience. Such an intuitive image of convergence is not completely foreign to Peirce's view, but a predominantly optical model of convergence fails to capture the generality and flexibility of the idea that Peirce wished to advocate. This paper formulates Peirce's convergence theory of truth based upon his mathematical insights and examines a number of criticisms leveled against the theory including that of Quine. I argue that Peirce's understanding of convergence is far more sophisticated than what critics have often assumed and that simultaneous convergence to multiple elements is not excluded from his picture.

著者

小林 傳司

出版者

日本科学哲学会

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, pp.61-75, 1984-11-24 (Released:2009-05-29)

著者

並木 美喜雄

出版者

日本科学哲学会

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, pp.1-16, 1994-11-18 (Released:2009-05-29)

参考文献数

2

著者

永井 均

出版者

日本科学哲学会

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, pp.43-55, 1988-11-05 (Released:2009-12-07)

著者

佐藤 雅彦

出版者

日本科学哲学会

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.2, pp.21-33, 2005-12-25 (Released:2009-05-29)

参考文献数

18

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We study Frege's influence on computer science mainly from the viewpoint of the formal aspect of Frege's Begriffsschrift. We argue that his analysis of a function as an unsaturated entity is related to the notion of higher-order abstract syntax in computer science, and his way of explaining Begriffsschrift should shed light on the future design of a common meta language for various mathematical systems. We also point out the influence of Frege on Martin-Löf's type theories, which led to the revival of the notion of judgment which was once almost forgotten in mathematical logic.

著者

藤田 晋吾

出版者

日本科学哲学会

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, pp.21-34, 1981-11-10 (Released:2009-05-29)

著者

岡本 賢吾

出版者

日本科学哲学会

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.2, pp.23-39, 2007-12-25 (Released:2009-05-29)

参考文献数

15

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Two remarkable results attained by Domain Theory, which serves as mathematical foundations for denotational semantics of programming languages, are explained and considered from philosophical viewpoints: 1) the analysis of recursion by the fix-point semantics and 2) the introduction of the notion of continuity and of compact elements. In particular, the author finds them conceptually illuminating in that firstly, they succeed in making explicit those unnoticed semantic elements lying behind the syntax of the languages which play essential roles in the construction and execution of recursive programs, and that secondly, they show the way to reconstruct various ordinary classical mathematical structures by virtue of complementing approximation processes to their infinite noncompact elements.

著者

大塚 淳

出版者

日本科学哲学会

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.1, pp.29-41, 2007-07-30 (Released:2009-05-29)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

1

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Much of the controversy of function revolves around two concepts, namely selected effect (SE) function and causal role (CR) function. Each of these proposals and its reciprocal critiques are examined, and it is shown that each concept embodies two different research strategies in biology, one the search for adaptation (SE function) and the other the reduction of biological phenomena (CR function). But this conceptual difference does not entail a separation in scientific practice. The proper attribution of SE function to a trait requires careful analysis of CR function in its developmental origin -- this is the idea of developmental modularity. It turns out that the ideal condition for developmental CR function analysis (i.e. near decomposability) also facilitates the mosaic evolution of -- and thus the attribution of SE function to -- organismal characters.

著者

三浦 俊彦

出版者

日本科学哲学会

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.2, pp.69-81, 2002-11-10 (Released:2009-12-07)

参考文献数

18

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The question "How can I be a?" ("a" being a proper name) has been recently referred to as "The Harder Problem of Consciousness", which would remain mysterious even after "The Hard Problem" about how subjective experiences arise is solved. Since both the indexical "I" and an exemplifying name "a" are ambiguous in their references, a formal analysis is required. Then, it turns out that any disambiguated version of "Harder Problem" is logically reduced to "The Hard Problem" or its special case "How can there be a?". There is no "Harder Problem" with its additional philosophical value. This is simply a matter of logic, independent of any ontology on whether metaphysical self exists or not.

著者

野家 啓一

出版者

日本科学哲学会

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, pp.91-105, 1976-11-10 (Released:2009-05-29)

著者

大西 勇喜謙

出版者

日本科学哲学会

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.2, pp.2_65-2_81, 2011 (Released:2012-06-06)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1

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The debate over scientific realism is one of the traditional topics in philosophy of science. Today there are various types of realism and anti-realism, including entity realism, (epistemic/ontic/moderate) structural realism, semirealism, eclectic realism, and constructive empiricism. However, the main point of the dispute, which is the validity of inference from observable evidence to unobservable events, seems to have been set aside in the recent debate. To improve this situation, I propose a new approach to the scientific realism issue that utilizes the epistemological positions. As an example, I also demonstrate an analysis of the debate based on contextualism in epistemology.

出版者

日本科学哲学会

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.2, pp.2_135-2_148, 2011 (Released:2012-06-06)

著者

水本 正晴

出版者

日本科学哲学会

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.1, pp.43-59, 2004-07-25 (Released:2009-05-29)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

1 1

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Swampan poses a problem for physicalists who adopt the teleological approach to functionalism. In this paper I reformulate the intuitive idea behind the physicalists' worry about it as "Swampman argument", and consider possible rejoinders, including Maeda (1999)'s claim that swampman is not even imaginable. This paper was originally intended as a comment on Maeda's reply to Mizumoto (2000), which criticized his (1999).

著者

野矢 茂樹

出版者

日本科学哲学会

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.2, pp.47-58, 2004-12-25 (Released:2009-05-29)

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Fatalism or logical determinism says that the future is determined on a very logical ground. In this paper, examining the fatalist argument critically, I am going to show how we can avoid the fatalist thesis. Aristotle discussed this problem and came to the conclusion that some statements about the future are neither true nor false. Following his suggestion, I farther claim that the future does not exist. That is the reason why any proper name included in a statement about the future has no referent. Therefore, as Aristotle said, statements about the future have no truth value. In the latter half of this paper, I will consider some problems with my claim what does a statement about the future mean and how is the past related to the present?

出版者

日本科学哲学会

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.1, pp.150-159, 2003-07-25 (Released:2009-05-29)

著者

竹内 啓

出版者

日本科学哲学会

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.35-48, 1980-11-20 (Released:2009-05-29)