著者

森田 三郎

出版者

社会学研究会

雑誌

ソシオロジ (ISSN:05841380)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.2, pp.47-67, 1974-11-30 (Released:2017-06-14)

著者

吉川 徹

出版者

社会学研究会

雑誌

ソシオロジ (ISSN:05841380)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.1, pp.35-49,134, 1996-05-31 (Released:2016-12-22)

被引用文献数

1

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Cultural reproduction theory, which was suggested by P. Bourdieu and J-C. Passeron (1970), S. Bowles and H. Gintis (1976) or B. Bernstein (1971) has been imported to Japan for more than twenty years. Studies of social mobility are inevitably related to it. However there are not so many empirical studies discussing the relationship between these two fields. This paper examines the validity and the extent of cultural reproduction theory in relation to the status attainment process in contemporary Japan. H. Fujita, T. Miyajima and their colleagues conducted two surveys in order to replicate Bourdieu and Passeron's work in Japan. They invented some Japanese original variables to measure cultural capital. One of them is a vocabulary test as an index of linguistic ability. We also applied it to our own research on 1990s' Japanese junior high and high school students and their parents (686 families). The research design allows me to analyze the relationship between social class and linguistic ability of adult men (fathers) , and the relationships among that of students and their parents. The conclusions are the following. Social class does have a meaningful effect on parental linguistic ability. However, there are significant but small magnitude of parent-child relationships of linguistic abilities. Then there is no longer a significant relationship between social class and students' linguistic ability. These conclusions indicate that it is not appropriate to apply cultural reproduction theory to all Japanese social strata. This also implies that the effect of school education will be more important than that of cultural capital when we explain status attainment process in contemporary Japan.

著者

樫村 愛子

出版者

社会学研究会

雑誌

ソシオロジ (ISSN:05841380)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.3, pp.3-18,184, 1998-02-28 (Released:2016-11-02)

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The discussions about the "common knowledge" which criticize the code model haven't ever explained with the real process of the communication. So I want to explain it by examining the game theory's approach which tries to explain the connection between the micro and macro phase and elaborating this approach by the Lacanian analytical logic. Lacan presents that the real communication depends on the emergent knowledges which others give. This idea presupposes that the subject is ambiguous with his knowledges and that he doesn't know himself (his unconsciousness). So he should depend on the other and accept the emergent knowledges. Lacan points out that this process is governed by "the logic of precipitousness", which is discovered by the treatments of the neurotics. The neurotics can't accept the ambiguousness of their knowledges and they adhere to the determinable. For example, ordinary man is convinced that he loves somebody in the ambiguousness, but the neurotics can't do it and so they can't love anybody. This phenomenon also makes clear the universal condition of the knowledge. The knowledges are always based on this process through which we accept emergent knowledges in the ambiguousness. The axiom about the "common knowledge" by the game theory has the possibility that describes this process mathematically and the connection with the micro and macro phase, though in fact at the actual level of the mathematics it is difficult.

著者

遠藤 英樹 大野 哲也

出版者

社会学研究会

雑誌

ソシオロジ (ISSN:05841380)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.1, pp.171-179, 2013-06-30 (Released:2015-05-13)

著者

フセ トヨマサ

出版者

社会学研究会

雑誌

ソシオロジ (ISSN:05841380)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.3, pp.154-171, 1974-03-31 (Released:2017-06-14)

著者

芦田 徹郎

出版者

社会学研究会

雑誌

ソシオロジ (ISSN:05841380)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.3, pp.169-177, 1993

著者

高津 等

出版者

社会学研究会

雑誌

ソシオロジ (ISSN:05841380)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.1, pp.91-93, 1966-07-31 (Released:2017-12-28)

著者

松谷 満

出版者

社会学研究会

雑誌

ソシオロジ (ISSN:05841380)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.1, pp.91-108,203, 2002-05-31 (Released:2016-05-25)

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This paper seeks to examine the differences in social attitudes in Japan between religious persons and those who are not religious, as well as the relationship between religiosity and social attitudes of Japanese Christians in order to more comprehensively understand their faith. The analysis presented in this paper was the result of data collected from members of Protestant churches in Japan. Also, to make a comparative analysis, Japan General Social Survey data was used. The following findings were obtained as a result of quantitative analysis of these data.(1) There are differences in social attitudes depending on religious attribution.Regarding euthanasia, religious people are more likely to be opposed than those who are not religious. In terms of political orientation, people whose faith is the family's traditional religion (but who are not themselves religious) are more conservative.(2) The social attitudes of Japanese Christians differ as compared with those of non-Christians Japanese people. The remarkable difference is that Christians are more likely to oppose euthanasia but have a more liberal political orientation. They emphasize life ethics and are more liberal in their political attitudes.(3) Religiosity of Christians has a direct partial effect on social attitudes. "Intrinsic orientation" has a negative effect on euthanasia and capital punishment. Conversely, "extrinsic orientation" has a positive effect on these issues. Political orientation is influenced by the parent's religion. In Japan, Christianity is a minority religion that has heterogeneous value norms compared to Japanese culture. Consequently, Japanese Christians are very different from ordinary people in social attitudes. Moreover, it is suggested that religious factors are important in explaining the differences in Japanese social attitudes. This result suggests areas for future investigation. By taking into account religious factors, a new perspective on social attitude studies may be presented.

著者

鈴木 正仁

出版者

社会学研究会

雑誌

ソシオロジ (ISSN:05841380)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.2, pp.17-40,111, 1978-11-30 (Released:2017-02-28)

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Recently many books and studies concerning Adolf Hitler have been introduced to the public. It seems to me that deep-rooted influences of Hitler or Fascism and requirements of the times are even now hiding behind that phenomenon. In this paper, I want to pursue the study of the problem focussing upon the attitude of a political leader. Fascism can be defined as ‘active nihilism'. According to Weber's theory, a political leader tends to have vanity and, as the result of it, loses his ideal with hardly any consciousness, while he is wielding political power. And then, when he makes further attempts to maintain and expand his political movement without possessing an ideal, he cannot help destroying other movements. Such a state may be considered 'active nihilism' as Rauschning indicated. Thus a political leader becomes Fascist in the end.

著者

石丸 博

出版者

社会学研究会

雑誌

ソシオロジ (ISSN:05841380)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.1, pp.77-94,192, 1985-05-31 (Released:2017-02-15)

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One of the focal organizations in interorganizational relations in bureaucracy is the office which plays the role of controlling the activities of each department or ministry. It is possible to devide this control or supervisory office into two types ; 1) the management or integration type and 2) the planning or affainment type. In wartime Japan the Ministry of Finance exemplified the former, and the newly established offices , i. e., the Cabinet Research Bureau (Chosa-kyoku), the Cabinet Planning Agency (Kikaku-cho) and the Cabinet Planning Board (Kikaku-iri) exemplified the latter type. The Finance Ministry came to the fore before the February 26, 1936 Incident. The other side offices tried to gain power after the Incident. That is to say after the Incident, interorganizational relations in bureaucracy showed new structural differentiation or possessed dual focal organizations. In this paper I analysize the conflict processes between two types of control offices after the Incident. I conclude that the Finance Ministry incorporated the Cabinet Planning Board, the last stage of the other side offices, into the interorganizational relations, to great advantage to itself. And it is possible to say that these interorganizational relations, wherein the planning-type control office is incorporated under the influence of the management-type one is the prototype of interorganizational relations in the postwar Japanese bureaucracy which contributes to economic growth.

著者

清水 学

出版者

社会学研究会

雑誌

ソシオロジ (ISSN:05841380)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.3, pp.3-19,184, 1994-02-28 (Released:2017-02-15)

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Erving Goffman remarks in passing that "[there exists] what may be worse than a sociological demise, namely, a sociological double. " This paper seeks to explore some of the sociological implications of this passage from the viewpoint of the literary sociology of loneliness. The experience of a sociological demise is portrayed as one of the "invisible man. " Hitherto studies about loneliness used to conceptualize the "loneliness" from this imagery, namely, as the feeling caused by "the absence of any social relationships." But, "what may be worse" than this, the experience of the "double" exists. I shall propose that this experience would describe the tragedy of loneliness more properly. For loneliness means, as Georg Simmel once suggested, rather the excess of social relationships than the absence of them. This may seem a bit of a paradoxical social phenomenon, but it also is the paradox of society itself. In conclusion, I will show, through the analysis of "the scandal of the double, " the reason people use the representation of the "invisible man" rather than that of the "double" when they try to depict the experience of loneliness.

著者

富永 茂樹

出版者

社会学研究会

雑誌

ソシオロジ (ISSN:05841380)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.3, pp.1-17,107, 1979

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Nous allons examiner, ici, la notion d'association qu'a proposée Alexis de Tocqueville dans son De la démocratie en Amérique et qu'il a considérée comme un des meilleurs moyens pour défendre la liberté menacée à la société démocratique.<br> En résumant ses analyses, nous pouvons dire qu'il faut pour constituer une association les quatre conditions: (1) un but commun, (2) la participation volontaire, (3) la validité du contrat, et enfin, (4) l'existence d'une action réciproque. Ensuite, ce type de groupe a deux fonctions sociales; c'est d'une part d'être un groupe intermédiaire dans la société totale, et d'autre ·part, de jouer le rôle important de rapport entre les individus qui s'engagent dans )'association. La première fonction est politique et la seconde est morale ou psychologique.<br> Quant à la première fonction, nous pouvons y trouver la ressowrce d'une force restreignant le pouvoir de l'Etat qui va toujours s'agrandir avec le dévelowement de la démocratie. C'est un rôle pour ainsi dire de contrepoids à la centralisation dont est chargée l'association.<br> En ce qui concerne l'autre fonction, il est possible de la considérer comme une sorte de controle social, de régulation sociale pour les individus qui se trouvent atomisés et solitaires au sein de la société démocratique. Ce n'est rien d'autre que le lien social disparu que Tocqueville allait rechercher dans l'association.<br> L'importance de la théorie sociologique de Tocqueville se comprendra bien, quand nous remarquons ses deux fonctions de l'association dont chacune devait répondre aux problèmes sociaux de son temps (et peut-être aujourd'hui encore). C'est à partir de l'examen rn inuti eux de la notion d'association que nous pouvons situer Tocqueville au milieu de la tradition féconde de la sociologie française au XIXème siècle.

著者

髙松 里江

出版者

社会学研究会

雑誌

ソシオロジ (ISSN:05841380)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.2, pp.73-85, 2012-10-31 (Released:2015-05-13)

参考文献数

26

著者

永田 大輔

出版者

社会学研究会

雑誌

ソシオロジ (ISSN:05841380)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.3, pp.21-37, 2015

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This paper discussed the process of creating "otaku originality" within thecontext of their consumption. Otaku considered their culture original and distinctfrom that of normal anime consumers in the 1980s. In prior studies, people calledotaku were those committed to worthless culture. Though people regarded otakuculture as worthless, we should observe its formation process. Otaku made ita culture of worth for their community, turning it into a high context culture.Becoming a high context culture meant it achieved interactions with people otherthan anime fans, but how was this happen?This paper focuses on anime fan culture, and discusses the video environmentand active television viewing. The VCR diffusion rate increased from 2.2% to 66.8%during the 1980s. Otaku started to watch videos with their friends. They wantedto show their videos to their friends. However, this was considered an unnaturalbehavior. This paper mainly analyzes community with video consumption amonganime fans and discusses their motivations. They wanted to show off the VCRs"Slowmotioning" meant "unique watching". Originally, anime meant "animation",but their activity enabled anime fans to enjoy "pictures". Consumers could attain"creators literacy". However, this literacy was marketed by the creators. Animemagazines evaluated this marketing. The culture of editing by anime fans formeda frame. They consumed the unique experience of watching anime together asconsumers who had a specific literacy. Otakus' high contextual culture, includingtheir knowledge and literacy, was created by interactions between creators andconsumers of anime magazines.

著者

清水 学

出版者

社会学研究会

雑誌

ソシオロジ (ISSN:05841380)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.3, pp.3-19,184, 1994

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Erving Goffman remarks in passing that "[there exists] what may be worse than a sociological demise, namely, a sociological double. " This paper seeks to explore some of the sociological implications of this passage from the viewpoint of the literary sociology of loneliness.<br> The experience of a sociological demise is portrayed as one of the "invisible man. " Hitherto studies about loneliness used to conceptualize the "loneliness" from this imagery, namely, as the feeling caused by "the absence of any social relationships."<br> But, "what may be worse" than this, the experience of the "double" exists. I shall propose that this experience would describe the tragedy of loneliness more properly. For loneliness means, as Georg Simmel once suggested, rather the excess of social relationships than the absence of them. This may seem a bit of a paradoxical social phenomenon, but it also is the paradox of society itself.<br> In conclusion, I will show, through the analysis of "the scandal of the double, " the reason people use the representation of the "invisible man" rather than that of the "double" when they try to depict the experience of loneliness.

著者

辻 大介

出版者

社会学研究会

雑誌

ソシオロジ (ISSN:05841380)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.1, pp.3-20, 2018-06

著者

奥村 隆

出版者

社会学研究会

雑誌

ソシオロジ (ISSN:05841380)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.2, pp.127-129, 2018-10

著者

赤川 学

出版者

社会学研究会

雑誌

ソシオロジ (ISSN:05841380)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.3, pp.123-131, 2019-02

著者

姚 逸葦

出版者

社会学研究会

雑誌

ソシオロジ (ISSN:05841380)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.3, pp.59-77, 2019-02

著者

難波 功士

出版者

社会学研究会

雑誌

ソシオロジ (ISSN:05841380)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.1, pp.128-130, 2019-06