著者

市川 定夫

出版者

The Genetics Society of Japan

雑誌

JAPANESE JOURNAL OF GENETICS (ISSN:0021504X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.4, pp.409-423, 1981

被引用文献数

18

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Two triploid clones (KU 7 and KU 9) of Tradescantia heterozygous for flower color were exposed to 1 to 42.3R of gamma rays or the scattering radiation in the gamma field of the Institute of Radiation . Breeding. Occurrence of somatic pink mutations in the stamen hairs was investigated 10 to 16 (or 14) days after irradiation. The mutation frequency was found to increase linearly with increasing gamma-ray exposure in the both clones, and the frequencies of 0.437 and 0.468 pink mutant events per 103 hairs per R were determined for KU 7 and KU 9, respectively. When the data collected in the present study were analyzed together with those obtained in earlier experiments in the gamma field, linear relationships of the somatic mutation frequency with gamma-ray (2.1 to 201.6R) and scattering radiation (0.72 to 57.6R) exposures were confirmed. Scattering radiation was found to have a genetical efficiency more than two times higher than that of gamma rays. Variation of spontaneous mutation frequency observed in the present study and in earlier studies was inversely correlated to temperature variation.

著者

Tao Tian Yajie Lu Jun Yao Xin Cao Qinjun Wei Qi Li

出版者

The Genetics Society of Japan

雑誌

Genes & Genetic Systems (ISSN:13417568)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.18-00006, (Released:2018-08-31)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

8

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Autosomal dominant non-syndromic hearing loss (ADNSHL) is characterized by postlingual progressive onset. Due to its high genetic heterogeneity, it is difficult to perform a molecular diagnosis for most patients with ADNSHL. In our study, whole-exome sequencing (WES) was used to screen pathogenic gene candidates by analyzing genomic DNA samples from a large Chinese family (JSNY-067), including the proband and her father, who suffered from non-syndromic hearing loss. The pathogenicity of candidate nonsynonymous variants in ADNSHL genes was evaluated by co-segregation analysis in family members by direct PCR and Sanger sequencing. Furthermore, multiple in silico analyses (SIFT, Polyphen2, PROVEAN and MutationTaster) and molecular dynamics simulation were used to assess the potential pathogenicity of the candidate mutations. We identified a novel causative mutation, c.622A>G in MYO6 (DFNA22), that resulted in a p.K208E substitution. This mutation co-segregated with the hearing loss phenotype in extended family members, and was predicted to be pathogenic by SIFT, PolyPhen2, PROVEAN and MutationTaster. Furthermore, molecular dynamics simulation analysis revealed that the p.K208E substitution had a limited influence on the whole protein structure and stability, but that it could affect the locations of the sidechains of nearby hydrophilic residues, which in turn resulted in the sidechains of Asn186 and Glu190 being exposed more frequently at the surface of the protein. WES has thus been shown to be a useful molecular diagnostic tool in screening uncommon gene mutations associated with hereditary hearing loss.

著者

Makoto T Hayashi

出版者

The Genetics Society of Japan

雑誌

Genes & Genetic Systems (ISSN:13417568)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.92, no.3, pp.107-118, 2017-06-01 (Released:2018-01-20)

参考文献数

132

被引用文献数

15

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The ends of eukaryotic linear chromosomes are protected from undesired enzymatic activities by a nucleoprotein complex called the telomere. Expanding evidence indicates that telomeres have central functions in human aging and tumorigenesis. While it is undoubtedly important to follow current advances in telomere biology, it is also fruitful to be well informed in seminal historical studies for a comprehensive understanding of telomere biology, and for the anticipation of future directions. With this in mind, I here summarize the early history of telomere biology and current advances in the field, mostly focusing on mammalian studies relevant to aging and cancer.

著者

Wenqing Zhu Xiaoguang Luo Atif Adnan Peifu Yu Siyi Zhang Zhixin Huo Qin Xu Hao Pang

出版者

The Genetics Society of Japan

雑誌

Genes & Genetic Systems (ISSN:13417568)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.17-00038, (Released:2018-03-30)

被引用文献数

6

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Genome-wide association studies have reported numerous candidate loci associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). NUCKS1 and INPP5K are two such candidate loci, although they have rarely been reported in Asian populations. To explore these potential genes for PD susceptibility, we investigated the association between PD and two SNPs, rs823114 and rs1109303, located on the NUCKS1 and INPP5K genes, respectively, in the Han population of northern China. We genotyped the two SNPs using the multiplex PCR-RFLP (polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism) technique. A total of 685 subjects including 322 sporadic PD patients and 363 healthy controls were recruited from the population. After Bonferroni correction, our results suggested that there was a significant association of a minor allele (G) in rs823114 with reduced risk of PD development (P = 0.017, OR = 0.768, 95%CI = 0.618 - 0.955), and the difference in genotypes between the PD patients and healthy controls was significant under the dominant model (GA+GG vs. AA). After stratification by gender, males had a lower risk than females (P = 0.008, OR = 0.666, 95%CI = 0.495 - 0.898). However, the distribution of genotype frequency exhibited no significant differences between the PD and control groups (P > 0.025) in INPP5K rs1109303 (P = 0.048, OR = 0.806, 95%CI = 0.650 - 0.998). We conclude that NUCKS1 rs823114 indicates a decreased risk of susceptibility to PD and shows a male genetic distribution bias in the Han Chinese population.

著者

常脇 恒一郎 JENKINS B. Charles

出版者

The Genetics Society of Japan

雑誌

遺伝学雑誌 (ISSN:0021504X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.11, pp.428-443, 1961

被引用文献数

17

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Genetic control of growth habit and awnedness in common wheat was studied by the aneuploid and the conventional methods of analysis. Using the 21 monosomic lines of the spring variety, Chinese Spring, as female parents, crosses were made with seven varieties. In addition, diallel crosses were made among the seven varieties and Chinese Spring.<br>Growth habit was found to be controlled by genes belonging to three allelic series <i>Sg₁, Sg₂</i> and <i>Sg</i>₃, located on chromosomes XVIII, IX and XIII, respectively. The <i>Sg</i>₁ and <i>Sg</i>₂ series appeared to have three alleles and the <i>Sg</i>₃ series had two alleles; the alleles being <i>Sg₁, Sg₁^c</i> and <i>sg₁, Sg₂, Sg₂^c</i> and <i>sg</i>₂ and <i>Sg</i>₃ and <i>sg</i>₃ in order of dominance for each series.<br>Genotypes of the eight varieties are proposed, namely, <i>sg₁ sg₂ Sg</i>₃ for Elgin, Kharkov and Jones Fife, <i>Sg₁^c Sg₂^c Sg</i>₃ for Chinese Spring, <i>Sg₁^c Sg₂ Sg₃</i> for Red Egyptian, <i>Sg₁ Sg₂^c Sg</i>₃ for S-615 and <i>Sg₁ Sg₂ sg₃</i> for Prelude and Red Bobs.<br>All winter varieties studied carried the typical winter habit genes, <i>sg</i>₁ and <i>sg</i>₂. The gene <i>sg</i>₁ was much more effective than <i>sg</i>₂ in delaying heading. Spring varieties carried some of the less effective spring habit genes, <i>Sg₁^c, Sg₂^c</i> or <i>sg</i>₃ instead of the typical spring habit genes, <i>Sg₁, Sg</i>₂ or <i>Sg</i>₃.<br>Concerning awnedess, monosomic analysis revealed that awnlessness of Chinese Spring is ascribed to two inhibitors <i>Hd</i> and <i>B</i>₂ on chromosomes VIII and X, respectively while that of Red Bobs to the presence of inhibitors <i>B</i>₁ on chromosome IX and <i>B</i>₂ and the absence of the <i>a</i>₁ promotor on chromosome II; awnlettedness of Elgin and Jones Fife is controlled by the <i>B</i>₁ gene; and awnedness of Prelude, Kharkov, S-615 and Red Egyptian is due to absence of all inhibitors. Conventional analysis confirmed the results obtained by monosomic analysis and indicated that an inhibitor on chromosome XVI of Chinese Spring affected F₂ segregation of awnedness when crosses were made between Chinese Spring and other varieties.

著者

Makoto T Hayashi

出版者

The Genetics Society of Japan

雑誌

Genes & Genetic Systems (ISSN:13417568)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.17-00010, (Released:2017-10-06)

被引用文献数

5 15

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The ends of eukaryotic linear chromosomes are protected from undesired enzymatic activities by a nucleoprotein complex called the telomere. Expanding evidence indicates that telomeres have central functions in human aging and tumorigenesis. While it is undoubtedly important to follow current advances in telomere biology, it is also fruitful to be well informed in seminal historical studies for a comprehensive understanding of telomere biology, and for the anticipation of future directions. With this in mind, I here summarize the early history of telomere biology and current advances in the field, mostly focusing on mammalian studies relevant to aging and cancer.

著者

山浦 篤

出版者

The Genetics Society of Japan

雑誌

遺伝学雑誌 (ISSN:0021504X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.3, pp.117-121, 1941

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私は東京市の中央, 牛込區の本籍簿229册全部を調査して, 男の子のみ, 女の子のみの家庭數が蓋然律から期待される數より甚だ多いと云ふ, 古屋芳雄氏の研究と同樣の結果を得た。<br>然しそれに對する見解は, 古屋氏が「男腹」「女腹」存在の, 或は社會心理學的な大發見とするに反し, 私は全く生物學的意義を認めず, 男女出産比率は蓋然律に從ふもので, 大都會では, 除籍と本籍移轉の人爲的影響からこの樣な喰違ひを生じたことを, 又田舍では調査結果と蓋然律からの期待數とよく一致する理由を證明した。

著者

谷村 雅子 宮村 紀久子 武田 直和

出版者

The Genetics Society of Japan

雑誌

遺伝学雑誌 (ISSN:0021504X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.2, pp.137-150, 1985

被引用文献数

17

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With the aim of elucidating the origin and the route of transmission of enterovirus 70 (EV70), we constructed a phylogenetic tree using the base sequence variation deduced from the oligonucleotide map of the virus genomes of 16 strains isolated between 1971 and 1981 in different parts of the world. For this purpose, we estimated the evolutionary rate of EV70, taking advantage of the fact that the dates of isolation of the strains are precisely known. Furthermore, the divergence times between viruses were estimated using base sequence variation, the evolutionary rate and the sampling times of the strains. The phylogenetic tree and the divergence times between the branches were estimated simultaneously by UPGMA. The phylogenetic tree constructed is in good agreement with epidemiological evidences of EV70, indicating the valid estimation of the tree. It is also shown that the evolutionary rate of EV70 is extremely rapid and constant.

著者

森脇 大五郎

出版者

The Genetics Society of Japan

雑誌

遺伝学雑誌 (ISSN:0021504X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.3, pp.250-254, 1934

著者

Naohiko T. Miyashita

出版者

The Genetics Society of Japan

雑誌

Genes & Genetic Systems (ISSN:13417568)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.90, no.2, pp.61-77, 2015-04-01 (Released:2015-09-18)

参考文献数

50

被引用文献数

9 28

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Soil bacterial community structures of six dominant phyla (Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Planctomycetes, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria) and unclassified bacteria detected in tropical Sarawakian and temperate Japanese forests were compared based on 16S rRNA gene sequence variation. The class composition in each phylum was similar among the studied forests; however, significant heterogeneities of class frequencies were detected. Acidobacteria and Proteobacteria were the most dominant phyla in all six forests, but differed in the level of bacterial species diversity, pattern of species occurrence and association pattern of species composition with physicochemical properties in soil. Species diversity among Acidobacteria was approximately half that among Proteobacteria, based on the number of clusters and the Chao1 index, even though a similar number of sequence reads were obtained for these two phyla. In contrast, species diversity within Planctomycetes and Bacteroidetes was nearly as high as within Acidobacteria, despite many fewer sequence reads. The density of species (the number of sequence reads per cluster) correlated negatively with species diversity, and species density within Acidobacteria was approximately twice that within Proteobacteria. Although the percentage of forest-specific species was high for all bacterial groups, sampling site-specific species varied among bacterial groups, indicating limited inter-forest migration and differential movement of bacteria in forest soil. For five of the seven bacterial groups, including Acidobacteria, soil pH appeared to strongly influence species composition, but this association was not observed for Proteobacterial species. Topology of UPGMA trees and pattern of NMDS plots among the forests differed among the bacterial groups, suggesting that each bacterial group has adapted and evolved independently in each forest.

著者

Dhananjoy S. Chingangbam Joykumar M. Laishram Hitoshi Suzuki

出版者

The Genetics Society of Japan

雑誌

Genes & Genetic Systems (ISSN:13417568)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.90, no.1, pp.21-30, 2015-02-01 (Released:2015-06-25)

参考文献数

42

被引用文献数

3 5

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The Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia are hotspots of murine biodiversity, but no species from the Arakan Mountain system that demarcates the border between the two areas has been subjected to molecular phylogenetic analyses. We examined the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequences in six murine species (the Rattus rattus species complex, R. norvegicus, R. nitidus, Berylmys manipulus, Niviventer sp. and Mus musculus) from Manipur, which is located at the western foot of the mountain range. The sequences of B. manipulus and Niviventer sp. examined here were distinct from available congeneric sequences in the databases, with sequence divergences of 10–15%. Substantial degrees of intrapopulation divergence were detected in R. nitidus and the R. rattus species complex from Manipur, implying ancient habitation of the species in this region, while the recent introduction by modern and prehistoric human activities was suggested for R. norvegicus and M. musculus, respectively. In the nuclear gene Mc1r, also analyzed here, the R. rattus species complex from Manipur was shown to possess allelic sequences related to those from the Indian subcontinent in addition to those from East Asia. These results not only fill gaps in the phylogenetic knowledge of each taxon examined but also provide valuable insight to better understand the biogeographic importance of the Arakan Mountain system in generating the species and genetic diversity of murine rodents.

著者

古 庄敏行

出版者

The Genetics Society of Japan

雑誌

遺伝学雑誌 (ISSN:0021504X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.3, pp.211-238, 1968

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身長を支配する遺伝子型の発現をみるために, 同一個人の発育期から発育完了期までの逐年身長測定資料を用いて分析を試みた.<br>1. 発育完了期の年令と発育過程の各年令との間の身長の相関係数 r_'i•j は概ね年令間の差が小さくなるにつれて高くなるが, 前思春期の年令に相当して一時的に相関が減じるため, r_'i•j-curve の変動は相加的直線的でなく数次曲線に従う (Fig. 1, 2). r_'i•j-curve は9つの samples を通じて非常によく類似した傾向を示した.<br>2. この r_'i•j と年令別年間身長発育量の全国平均との間には強い逆相関 (r=-0.81~-0.97) がみられ, 発育の速かな年令期ほど r_'i•j の小さいことがわかった.<br>3. Yoshida (1944) の子の年令別身長の親子相関と r_'i•j との間に強い相関が存在することを知った (r=0.79~0.88). また, Takiguchi (1945) によって報告された発育完了期の兄と15~19才の弟との年令別身長相関も, 弟の14才以下の資料がないので完全に一致するか否かは確実ではないが, Fig. 1, 2の r_'i•j (i=20, 21 in Data 2) に類似の傾向は示した.<br>4. このように年令によって親子相関や同胞相関の値が変動することが, 従来の報告においてこれら相関の値に大きな差の見られた原因の1つであると考えられる.<br>5. 発育完了期の身長と年間発育量との間の相関 (r_'i•jp) を各年令別に求めたところ, 発育の最も速い年令期 (男•10~13才, 女•9~12才) において概ね逆相関を示した.<br>6. これらの事実により, 発育完了期の身長を支配する遺伝子型の発現は年令によって異なることと, この発現が前思春期には他の要因によって modify されることがわかる.<br>7. 同一年令で比較したときの双生児対偶者間の強い相関は1卵性双生児, 2卵性双生児とも年令とは殆んど関係がなく, ほぼ一定している. Otuki (1956) が報告した, 同一年令で比較した親子間の身長相関も, 年令による変動を示していない. このことは, 身長発育の pattern もまた遺伝子型の支配を受けることを示すもので, この遺伝子型は発育完了期の身長を支配する遺伝子型とは, かなり独立であると考えられる.<br>8. 従って, 身長に対する近親婚, 放射線などの遺伝的影響を研究するには, 発育の全過程を通じての観察にもとづくことが望ましい.

著者

Kuniaki Saito

出版者

The Genetics Society of Japan

雑誌

Genes & Genetic Systems (ISSN:13417568)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.1, pp.9-17, 2013 (Released:2013-05-14)

参考文献数

76

被引用文献数

8 28

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A mechanism is required to repress the expression and transposition of transposable elements (TEs) to ensure the stable inheritance of genomic information. Accumulating evidence indicates that small non-coding RNAs are important regulators of TEs. Among small non-coding RNAs, PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) serve as guide molecules for recognizing and silencing numerous TEs and work in collaboration with PIWI subfamily proteins in gonadal cells. Disruption of the piRNA pathway correlates with loss of proper genomic organization, gene expression control and fertility. Moreover, recent studies on the molecular mechanisms of piRNA biogenesis and on piRNA function have shown that piRNAs act as maternally inherited genic elements, transferring information about repressed TEs to progeny. These findings enable a molecular explanation of mysterious epigenetic phenomena, such as hybrid dysgenesis and TE adaptation with age. Here, I review our current knowledge of piRNAs derived from biochemical and genetic studies and discuss how small RNAs are utilized to maintain genome organization and to provide non-DNA genetic information. I mainly focus on Drosophila but also discuss comparisons with other species.

著者

Takashi Kitano Norimasa Matsuoka Naruya Saitou

出版者

The Genetics Society of Japan

雑誌

Genes & Genetic Systems (ISSN:13417568)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.1, pp.25-34, 1997 (Released:2002-11-26)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

13 16

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The phylogenetic relationship among the salmonid fishes of the genus Oncorhynchus has been analyzed using various kinds of markers for a long time. However, there are three major disagreements among those studies; (1) the authenticity of the Pacific salmon group as a monophyletic cluster, (2) the phylogenetic relationship among three Pacific salmons (pink salmon, sockeye salmon, and chum salmon), and (3) the phylogenetic position of masu salmon. We used allozyme electrophoresis to clarify the phylogenetic relationship between the Pacific salmon group and the Pacific trout group. Furthermore, we reanalysed published mitochondrial DNA D-loop sequences (Shedlock et al., 1992). Allozymic data and mtDNA data indicated the following consistent results; (1) all Pacific salmons formed a monophyletic cluster, (2) chum salmon and pink salmon were clustered within those Pacific salmons, (3) masu salmon formed a cluster with other Pacific salmons and diverged first in this group.

著者

Sakamoto Wataru

出版者

The Genetics Society of Japan

雑誌

Genes & genetic systems (ISSN:13417568)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.1, pp.1-9, 2003-02-01

被引用文献数

7 90

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Leaf variegation has long been known as a recessive genetic trait in higher plants. Unlike albino mutants, leaf-variegated mutants are non-lethal and thus enable us to study a novel mechanism of plastid development and maintenance. Variegation results from a defect that makes chloroplast development unstable, since at least part of the tissues gives rise to normal chloroplasts. Despite the fact that leaf-variegated mutants have contributed to the findings of maternal inheritance or have been used as genetic markers, these mutations and the responsible loci have been poorly understood at the molecular level. A comprehensive study of the leaf-variegated mutants is possible in <i>Arabidopsis</i>, since such mutants have been known and the cloning can be at relative ease as a model plant. Here I summarize recent progress on characterization of the Arabidopsis leaf-variegated mutants. Detailed analysis of the responsible loci revealed that variegation is caused by a defect in various metabolic pathways related to organelle functions. Thus, studies on these genes provide us with novel redundant mechanisms by which heteroplasmic organelles such as plastids and mitochondria can survive from an environmental stress.<br>

著者

加藤 茂苞 石川 潤一

出版者

The Genetics Society of Japan

雑誌

遺伝学雑誌 (ISSN:0021504X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.1, pp.1-7, 1921

被引用文献数

10

著者

木原 均 フロラ リヱンフェルト

出版者

The Genetics Society of Japan

雑誌

遺伝学雑誌 (ISSN:0021504X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.1, pp.1-28, 1934

被引用文献数

26

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細胞核の全部又はその一部がその細胞より隣りの細胞へと移動する現象を核脱出(Cytomixis) と呼んで居る。この現象は植物界に廣く存在して居る。筆者等は <i>T.aegilopoides</i>×<i>Ae. squarrosa</i> の花粉母細胞成熟分裂各期を研究の結果 Cytomixis を二つに分類すべきを提唱した。<br>(1) 嚴密なる意味の核脱出(Cytomixis <i>s. str.</i>)<br>(2) 核移住(Kerneinwanderung)<br>(1) 脱出する核物質は核の一小部分にして略一樣に染色し網状構造を示す事なし。これはレプトネマ頃に起る。多くは固定時に於ける人工的産物と認めらる。脱出はある一方向に向つて進む事多し、葯の上(下)端より中心に向ふが普通なり。<br>(2) は核の全部又は比較的大なる部分が隣細胞に移る。移住核(又は移住分核)は網状の構造を有す。との現象はレプトネマより第一分裂メタフェースに至る何れの時期にも見られる。自然状態にて起る現象で、恐らく外的誘因(例へば温度の變化)によつて惹起さるものなるべし。<br>移住核が完全なるゲノムを有する場合(即ち全核の移住せる場合)は移住後と雖も普通の生長を續け、主核と同時に第一成熟分裂を行ふ。その際兩核は同時に核膜を消失して合一し1分裂像を作る。之がためにシンディプロイド核(4x)の形成を屡々見ることあり。移住分核は副核を形成す。副核には大小ありて、その數は1母細胞につき1-5個を算ふる事あり。移住後の副核の運命は追求容易なり。一路退化の道程を辿るも甚だ複雜である。その模樣は挿圖に明示されである。<br>純粹種(<i>T. aegilopoides</i>)に於ても兩現象は發見された。併し後者では(2)は稀れである。

著者

堅田 彰

出版者

The Genetics Society of Japan

雑誌

遺伝学雑誌 (ISSN:0021504X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.3, pp.136-139, 1950

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無毛のアジアハツカネズミ (<i>Mus molossinus</i>) は生後約2週間目頃に脱毛し、成体になると肉眼では認識し難い発育の惡い粗毛がごくまばらに生じている程度である。皮膚を組織的にみると、眞皮が著しく肥厚していることがめだつ。毛嚢部における毛乳頭の発達は惡く、これが原因となつて毛の発育も從つて惡い。脱毛すれば再び毛の発生はなく、毛嚢は退化消失する。脱毛した毛嚢部にある毛嚢腺は退化して、大きな空所をもつた嚢状をなす。<br>裸頸鷄においては、胎兒には頸部から後頭にかけて羽毛の発育をみない。無羽毛部の皮膚の組織をみると、表皮の角層は肥厚しているが、眞皮の網状層の発達が惡い爲に、皮膚は甚だ薄い。眞皮の中には羽毛嚢も羽毛の運動に関係ある筋肉も存在しない。要するに、ハツカネズミの無毛は毛嚢部の陷が遺傳的に発現された結果であり、裸頸鷄においては羽毛嚢やそれに関係のある筋肉が遺傳子の作用によつて除したものであると考えられる。

著者

Matsuo Yoshinori

出版者

The Genetics Society of Japan

雑誌

Genes & genetic systems (ISSN:13417568)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.4, pp.309-318, 2003-08-25

被引用文献数

7

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The molecular evolution of the histone multigene family was studied by cloning and determining the nucleotide sequences of the histone 3 genes in seven <i>Drosophila</i> species, <i>D. takahashii, D. lutescens, D. ficusphila, D. persimilis, D.pseudoobscura, D. americana</i> and <i>D. immigrans</i>. CT repeats, a TATA box and an AGTG motif in the 5' region, and a hairpin loop and purine-rich motifs (CAA(T/G)GAGA) in the 3' region were conserved even in distantly related species. In <i>D. hydei</i> and <i>D.americana,</i> the GC content at the third codon position in the protein coding region was relatively low (49% and 45%), while in <i>D. takahashii</i> and <i>D. lutescens</i> it was relatively high (64% and 65%). The non- significant correlation between the GC contents in the 3' region and at the third codon position as well as the evidence of less constraint in the 3' region suggested that mutational bias may not be the major mechanism responsible for the biased nucleotide change at the third codon position or for codon usage bias.<br>

著者

太田 泰雄

出版者

The Genetics Society of Japan

雑誌

遺伝学雑誌 (ISSN:0021504X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.2, pp.169-175, 1962

被引用文献数

1 3

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1. トウガラシ辛味の遺伝について, 定量的研究をおこなった。辛味成分 capsaicin の定量は閾値法による簡便法を考案し, これによった (Table 1)。<br>2. 甘親として <i>C. annuum</i> の大獅子 (P₁, capsaicin 含有率0.05%) と伏見甘長 (P₂, 0.05%), 辛親として八房 (P₃, 0.25%), 鷹の爪 (P₄, 0.30%) および <i>C. frutescens</i> Ac 1443 (P₅, 1.00%) を用いた。<br>3. 甘(♀)×辛(♂)の交雑でえた果実の測定から, メタキセニア現象は認められなかった(Table 2)。<br>4. 甘×辛のばあい, 正逆交雑で差は認められない。F₁ は辛親と同じ程度の辛さ, F₂ および BF₁ では甘親程度から辛親よりさらに辛いものまで分離し, その度数分布は二頂曲線となる (Tables 3, 4 および Figs. 2, 3, 5)。<br>5. 辛×辛のばあい, F₁ はより辛い親と同じ程度の辛さ, F₂, BF₁ および BF₂ は巾の広い連続変異を示す (Table 5 および Fig 6)。<br>6. 以上の結果, トウガラシの辛味に関して単純な分離は認められず, さらに多数の個体を用いて実験をおこなう必要がある。