著者

植木 正彬

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.3, pp.219-228, 1986-03-01 (Released:2009-11-13)

参考文献数

52

被引用文献数

1 1

---

Since the discovery of two endogenous opioid peptides, Met-and Leu-enkephalins, a lot of works have been done to develop better analgesics without side-reactions. By now many highly potent analogues of enkephalins have been designed and synthesized. But, pure analgesics have not so far been obtained. It is mainly because of the complexity of opioid ligands and their interactions with multiple receptors. In addition recent knowledge of enhancing effects of peptidase inhibitors on the potency of opioid peptides prompts us to reexamine all the accumulated pharmacological data.

著者

Kazuhiko Semba Yoshiaki Nakao

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

Journal of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.11, pp.1133-1140, 2017-11-01 (Released:2017-11-09)

参考文献数

154

被引用文献数

4

---

Cross-coupling reactions based on catalytically generated organocopper species have been developed by cooperative Pd/Cu or Ni/Cu catalysis. Alkyl or alkenylcopper intermediates generated via the hydrocupration or borylcupration of alkenes or alkynes engage in Pd- or Ni-catalyzed reactions with organic electrophiles. These reactions circumvent the laborious pre-synthesis and isolation processes of organometallics that characterize conventional cross-coupling reactions, and they are hence more step-economical. Moreover, highly functionalized organocopper species, which are difficult to access using conventional methods, can be obtained from readily available alkenes and alkynes. Thus, cross-coupling reactions by cooperative Pd/Cu or Ni/Cu catalysis represent powerful tools for the construction of complex structures from readily available starting materials in a single operation.

著者

辻 篤子

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.5, pp.530-531, 2003-05-01

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「おもしろいなあ.だって, グリーンとケミストリーって, ほとんど逆の概念でしょう?」.科学部のある記者が, 「グリーンケミストリー」の話を聞いてこんな感想をもらした.2年前の秋のことだ.さらにその記者は続けて, 「つまりは, 化学のイメージ挽回作戦ですね」.なるほどそういう見方もあるのかと, ちょっと驚いたが, 化学物質による環境汚染や毒性と結びつけて考えられがちな化学のイメージを考えれば, さほどとっぴな見方ではないかもしれないと, 思い直した.この記者は文科系出身, とくに化学にくわしいというわけではなかったが, それだけに, ごく普通の感覚に近いといえるかもしれない.

著者

木村 午朗 近岡 貞志

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.3, pp.241-247, 1965

被引用文献数

1

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1, 7-Diaminoheptane has been synthesized from 1, 7-dichloroheptene-3 through ammonolysis followed by hydrogenation. For the formation of the desirable primary amine in the ammonolysis reaction, the following conditions have been proved favorable: use of liguid ammonia with or without a small amount of water or an organic solvent rather than aqueous ammonia, use of an excessive amount of ammonia, reaction temperatures above 80°C, in case of aqueous ammonia and above 60°C, in case of liquid ammonia, the effects of temperature upon yield being small over the range 100-140°C, and efficient agitation to ensure thorough contact of the reactants. The maximum yield of 1, 7-diaminoheptene-3, however, was 72-73%. Attempts to improve the yield resulted in the formation of secondary and tertiary polyamine by-products. 1, 7-Diaminoheptene-3 thus obtained was readily hydrogenated into 1, 7-diaminoheptane in 96% yield in the presence of Raney nickel catalyst under the atmospheric pressure as well as under pressure. Condensation polymerization of 1, 7-diaminoheptene-3 and that of 1, 7-diaminoheptane with urea proceeded smoothly and white solid polyureas with good spinning properties were obtained. The former polyurea showed m.p. 216°C, d<SUP>20</SUP>4 1.13 and the latter, m.p. 260°C, d<SUP>20</SUP> 1.12. The melting point of the polyurea obtained from 1, 9-noname. thylenediamine fell between that of the two polymers, and the specific gravity of the former was approximately 5% less than that of the latter two. The fiber of 1, 7-diaminoheptene-3 polyurea as well as that of 1, 7-diaminoheptane polyurea showed a slightly better dyeing properties with acidic and dispersing dyes than 1, 9-nonamethylenediamine polyurea, though other properties of those three types of fiber were alike.

著者

鈴木 啓介

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.4, pp.367-377, 1988-04-01 (Released:2009-11-13)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

11 20

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Contrary to the firm and long-standing credence on the involvement of racemization, the “cationic” 1, 2-rearrangement reactions may proceed stereospecifically under suitable reaction conditions to allow the complete 1, 2-chirality transfer. This fact provides a solid basis for the development of a novel and useful synthetic reactions to achieve the highly selective acyclic steoeocontrol. This paper deals with a survey of the new synthetic methodology based on the novel 1, 2-rearrangements under Lewis acidic conditions as well as the newly exploited silicon-directed relative streocontrol, which would find a broad applicability in the highly stereoselective synthesis of a wide variety of useful compounds including chiral pheromones, macrolides, and so on.

著者

時田 澄男

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.11, pp.1129-1140, 1987-11-01 (Released:2009-11-13)

参考文献数

129

被引用文献数

1 1

---

It is becoming commonplace for organic chemists to have their own microcomputers. In this article, softwares for such users to carry out two or three dimentional input to a computer, graphic display of molecular structures, and molecular orbital calculations are reviewed (129 references).

著者

中馬 寛

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.11, pp.1098-1106, 1987-11-01 (Released:2009-11-13)

参考文献数

62

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The function of a bioactive peptide is often dictated by the bioactive conformation that fits into its receptor. Conformational energy calculations (Molecular Mechanics) as well as various experimental methods have been used for this purpose. On the other hand, recent molecular dynamics simulations of proteins have provided us the new dynamic picture of protein structures. These theoretical methods are thought to play an important role in elucidating the receptor mediated events of bioactive peptides and in the drug design based on their conformations.The objectives of this review are (1) to provide an introduction to the field of conformational energy calculations and molecular dynamics for peptides; (2) to explain how we can find the bioactive conformation by using conformational energy calculations; and (3) to describe the application of the above methods for defining the bioactive conformation of an opiate peptide, Morphiceptin, as one example.

著者

桐野 修 高山 千代蔵

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.11, pp.1107-1118, 1987-11-01 (Released:2009-11-13)

参考文献数

40

被引用文献数

1 3

---

This article describes the structure-activity relationships of (i) herbicidal N-benzylphenylacetamides, (ii) herbicidal N-chloroacetyl-N-phenylglycinates, (iii) herbicidal N-phenylureas, (iv) herbicidal N-benzylacylamides, (v) herbicidal and fungicidal N-benzylacylamides, and (vi) fungicidal N-phenylimides analyzed quantitatively with substituent parameters and regression techniques. The activity-activity correlations between activities against different species of weeds and fungi are examined on the basis of structure-activity relationships. The application for the design of new agrochemicals with wide-spectrum and/or selectivity is discussed.

著者

高橋 由雅 佐々木 慎一

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.11, pp.1087-1097, 1987-11-01 (Released:2010-01-22)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

3

---

It is well known that chemical structure diagram or three-dimensional structure of a compound molecule involves much information related to biological activity, reactivity, or various physicochemical properties on itself. It is a very important thing in a wide range of chemical research to compare the chemical compounds on the basis of such structural information. Especially, in the area of structure-activity studies, to investigate structural feature such as functional groups or substructural fragments, common to a group of chemical compounds exhibiting a particular biological activity often provides us with very useful and objective information which may be resulted in hypothetical pharmacophore.In this article, a couple of approaches for the automated recognition of common structural patterns among drug molecules will be described. One is related to the maximal common substructure search which can be used to find some topological pharmacophore, and the other one is for the common geometrical pattern search in which three-dimensional geometry of molecules are taken account. The latter approach may be used to identify a certain topographical or three-dimensional pharmacophore. The basic algorithms and related software systems will be summarized with some illustrative examples.

著者

中村 栄一 深沢 義正

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.11, pp.1044-1054, 1987-11-01 (Released:2009-11-13)

参考文献数

63

被引用文献数

1 1

---

合成反応の予測性を高めることは研究の目的, 環境を問わず, 有機合成の大きな目標である。これまでも有機合成化学者は試行錯誤から得た経験に反応論や構造論を加味して反応の予測性を高める努力を行ってきた。最近顕著になってきた新しい流れは, 理論計算を合成化学者自身が行うことでこの問題にアプローチしようとする考え方である。過去数年間における計算機や情報ネットワークの普及は目ざましく, 10年前には大型計算機センターでしか出来なかった理論計算, 特に分子力学 (MM) 計算が今や実験室の片隅で行える時代となったことがその背景である。分子や反応に関する情報を計算機によって求める方法としては非経験的分子軌道 (MO) 計算がもっとも優れているが, 今日合成ターゲットとなっているような大きな化合物に関する情報をこの方法で得ることは事実上困難である。パラメータ上の制約のためにまだ比較的限られた化合物への適用しか許されないとはいえ, 計算の速さと簡単さの点でMM計算が1つの現実的な選択である。MM計算から求められる情報は基底状態の分子のある配座でのエネルギーと, そこでの分子の形態である。この2種類の情報を用いて反応生成物の分布の予想と結果の合理的解釈を行うことが計算の目的である。種々のMM計算プログラムが開発されてきたが, 最近の有機合成での応用例は殆んどAllingerらのMM2プログラムが使われている。本総説では身近になったMM2プログラムの有機合成での適用例についてまとめてみたい。

著者

深澤 義正 灰野 岳晴

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.5, pp.419-426, 1996-05-01 (Released:2009-11-16)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

3 4

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有機合成の標的化合物は複雑な構造を持っているものが多く一般に多段階の反応を経て合成されることが多い。それらの合成経路のうち重要な反応についてその生成物が立体化学を含めて正しく予測されれば, 合成経路の確立に大いに役立ち有機合成の経済効率の向上に著しく寄与するものと思われる。したがって, 信頼性の高い反応予測技術の開発は非常に重要である。ここで紹介した非経験的分子軌道計算と分子力学計算を組み合わせた遷移状態モデリング法やMC法を用いた溶媒和計算は, その信頼性の高さからいって十分現実的な使用に耐え得るものと思われ今後の発展が期待される。

著者

深澤 義正 笛吹 修治

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.12, pp.1124-1133, 1997-12-01 (Released:2009-11-16)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

3 4

---

Determination of significantly populated conformers in an extremely flexible molecule such as macrocycles is a matter of long standing interest. We have developed a useful and very reliable method for the conformational analysis using a combination of molecular mechanics calculations and chemical shift simulation method. The method utilizes the calculation of the change in chemical shift of a proton produced by nearby substituents. The induced chemical shifts due to anisotropy effect of aromatic ring have been proven to be a useful geometrical probe of structures. Examples of the successful conformational analysis for macrocyclophane and supramolecular complexes of calixarenes with apolar guests including C60 and C70 are presented.

著者

杉本 八郎

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.4, pp.320-327, 1998-04-01 (Released:2009-11-16)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

6 4

著者

的場 勝英 利根 斉 新浜 光一 後藤 文孝 坂 雅之 南川 純一

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.5, pp.407-414, 1999-05-01 (Released:2009-11-16)

参考文献数

3

被引用文献数

1 6

---

An efficient and practical synthetic route to OPC-15161 (1), a novel inhibitor of superoxide anion generation, is described. Intensive survey on pyrazine ring manipulation has led to the development of multi-kilo synthetic pathway, in which beneficial use of a nitrogen protecting group is the key to the problematic cyclization and O-methylation process, both being carried out in one-pot operation. Thus, the synthesis proceeds in 40% overall yield in four steps from tryptophan methyl ester with simple operation and without chromatographic purification, which also opens a general route for the preparation of related 5-alkoxypyrazin-2 (1H) -one 4-oxide such as emeheterone.

著者

松原 義治 山賀 谷一郎 辻川 康二 若林 昭二

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.8, pp.849-852, 1970-08-01 (Released:2009-11-16)

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従来合成されたアセタールは低分子量のアルコキシ基に限られているので, さらに高い保留効果を期待して大きいアルコキシ基を持ったアセタールとその誘導体の合成を行なった。シトロネラール (1) を母体としてシトロネロール (2), ゲラニオール (3) を用いてシトロネリノレ (4), ゲラニル (6) アセタール, あるいは (2), (3) の混合アセタール (5) を合成し, さらに (4), (5), (6) の飽和アセタール (8), (8) から誘導されるアルキノレビニルエーテル (10), その飽和エーテル (11), を合成した。 (4), (5), (6) は硫酸, リン酸, ギ酸水溶液などで冷却下, 分解するともとの (1), (2), (3) が, (8) からはジヒドロシトロネロール (7) が得られる。また (4), (5), (6), (8) を水素で分解すると (7) が得られる。(4), (5), (6), (8) はいずれもヒドロキシシトロネラールようのおだやかな花香を持ち, bp200℃/1mmHg以上で, 保留効果の優れた皮ふ刺激のない安定な香料として有用と思われる。

著者

尾島 巖 稲葉 伸一

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.7, pp.610-615, 1978-07-01 (Released:2010-01-22)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

4 4

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Ketene silyl acetals have been developed as new versatile reagents for organic synthesis. The reactions of ketene silyl acetal with acid halides, carbonyl compounds, Schiff bases, and heterocummulenes and summarized. Oxidative coupling, oxidation and Mannich reaction of these reagents, and, an application of Claisen-type rearrangement of these reagents to the total synthesis of natural products are also described.

著者

田中 正一

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.2, pp.125-136, 2002-02-01 (Released:2009-11-13)

参考文献数

55

被引用文献数

15 19

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Replacement of α-hydrogen atom of α-amino acids with alkyl substituents affords α, α-disubstituted α-amino acids, which are non-proteinogenic amino acids. This kind of modification changes the conformational freedom of peptides containing such residues. 2-Aminoisobutyric acid (dimethylglycine, Aib) is a natural product, isolated as a component of peptaibol antibiotics, and is widely used among peptide chemists for the construction of helical secondary structure. Contrary to 310-helical structure of Aib homopeptides, the conformation of homopeptides prepared from diethylglycine or dipropylglycine is a fully planar C5-conformation. Besides achiral α, α-disubstituted α-amino acids, the conformation of homopeptides prepared from chiral α-methylated or α-ethylated α, α-disubstituted α-amino acids was recently reported. The conformation of homopeptides prepared from chiral α-methylated α, α-disubstituted amino acids is the 310-helical structure and the screw sense of helicity (P) or (M) depends on the chirality of quaternary carbon center of amino acids, while that of α-ethylated α, α-disubstituted amino acids is the fully planar C5-conformation. The application of α, α-disubstituted α-amino acids for the design of biologically active peptides and catalytic peptides is also described.

著者

早川 謙二

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.1, pp.60-70, 1987-01-01 (Released:2009-11-13)

参考文献数

41

被引用文献数

2 3

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New approaches to the heterocyclic syntheses through pericyclic reactions are presented in three sections.(1) The utility of (phenylsulfonyl) propadiene (1) as an allenic dienophile and/or electrophile was revealed by its facile intermolecular cycloaddition reactions with electron-rich dienes, tropone, azaheptafulvenes, and thebaine derivatives, which afforded various heterocyclic compounds including some novel ring systems. (2) trans-4- (Phenylsulfinyl) -3-buten-2-one (29) underwent a new versatile addition-elimination (trans-vinylation) reaction with five-membered heterocycles such as furans, pyrroles, imidazole, pyrazole, and 6- (dimethylamino) fulvene to give excellent yields of the corresponding vinylated compounds. This method combined with the intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction was applied to the synthesis of linearly condensed tricyclic heterocycles like psoralen (31) and the novel aza-analogue of psoralen (38). (3) Intramolecular cycloaddition (ex., Diels-Alder reaction) using allenic dienophiles proceeded with extraordinary ease due to their favorable geometry. These reactions were successfully utilized in the development of new polycyclic lactone synthesis, furan ring transfer (FRT) reactions, tandem intramolecular [2+2] -cycloaddition, [3, 3] -sigmatropic rearrangement, and indole synthesis. Application of some of these new methods to the natural products synthesis is also described.

著者

寺尾 秦次

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.1, pp.2-13, 1987-01-01 (Released:2009-11-13)

参考文献数

64

被引用文献数

2 3

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As successive discoveries were made of thromboxane A2, prostacyclin, and the leukotrienes from 1975 to 1979, the physiological and pathological roles of the arachidonate cascade metabolites were clarified. With these discoveries as a turning point, novel concepts for designing new drugs which specifically control and manipulate the metabolites have rapidly grown and developed.Any new approach to treating and preventing cardio- and cerebro- vascular diseases requires urgent and careful evaluation. Recent research into thromboxane synthetase inhibitors (TXSI) and thromboxane receptor antagonists (TXRA) has focussed attention mainly on platelets and blood vessel walls, and the interaction between the two. Some TXSI and TXRA have been studied in a variety of in vitro systems and animal models, and are now in various stages of clinical evaluation.In the present review, TXSI, TXRA, and the structure-activity relationships are described together with the results of our experiments on this subjects.

著者

岸 義人

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.10, pp.855-860, 1974 (Released:2009-11-13)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

3 4