- 著者
-
中村 圭爾
- 出版者
- 東洋文庫
- 雑誌
- 東洋学報 = The Toyo Gakuho (ISSN:03869067)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.61, no.3・4, pp.285-320, 1980-03
The inscription buried in the grave of Liu Tai 劉岱 in Nan-ch’i 南斉 era was excavated in Chiang-su 江蘇 Province in 1969. This inscription gave full detail of the marital relations of Liu Tai. The purpose of this study is to discuss the characteristic features of marriage during the Southern Dynasties through a description of marriage as described in this inscription, and to relate this marital mode to the aristocracy of the Southern Dynasties.The inscription states that the Liu Tai family had marital relations with eight families in all. Moreover, within these eight families several had marital relations with each other, while among them several had been rejected by clans of the highest social status in the Southern Dynasties. Based on this fact, we presume that there existed two groups which had differing ranges of marriage possibility.Up till now it has been recognized that there were two major social statuses, namely shih 士 and shu 庶, and that they differed in the range of marriage possibility. But even within the shih class we can see the existence of two groups which had no marital relations with each other because of their difference in social status. Those are the groups stated in the beginning. Therefore we can confirm the existence of stratified groups classified by marital relationships. The marital relations described in the inscription in the grave of Liu Tai belong to the group which was placed between the highest status clan and shu people.By examining the official position of bureaucrats who came from the family, it became clear that their positions were right between the highest and lowest classes of bureaucrats. Based on this, we can see that the stratum of marriage possibility was almost coincident with bureaucrat position.On the other hand, marriages were carried out according to social status, and the stratum of marriage possibility was coincident with the social status of each clan. Therefore, we can conclude that in the Southern Dynasties the position of bureaucrats corresponded to their social status, and that these groupings formed particular social classes.Finally, the historical character of the Southern Dynasties’ aristocracy is defined by this unity of social status and bureaucratic position. Indeed, it was upon the existence of these particular social classes that the principles of governance by the Imperial authority were based.