著者
徳山 英一 本座 栄一 木村 政昭 倉本 真一 芦 寿一郎 岡村 行信 荒戸 裕之 伊藤 康人 除 垣 日野 亮太 野原 壮 阿部 寛信 坂井 眞一 向山 建二郎
出版者
海洋調査技術学会
雑誌
海洋調査技術 (ISSN:09152997)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.13, no.1, pp.27-53, 2001-03-31
参考文献数
56
被引用文献数
6

We propose the guideline to identify fault in offshore region mainly based on MCS profiles, combining high resolution bathymetric maps and geological data such as bore hole results. Based on the guideline we distinguished total 776 faults developing around Japan since the latest Miocene and 753 faults out of total numbers of faults are interpreted to have been active by Quaternary. Together with distinguishment of fault we examined the attributes of each faults such as surface and vertical distribution, criteria of offset, age of movement, certainty of a fault and so on. <br>The results of the distinguishment and examination of the fault leads to the conclusion that the ongoing tectonic framework around Japan characterized by 1) oblique Subduction along the Nankai Trough, 2) rifting at the Okinawa Trough, 3) E-W compressionl regeme along the Japan Sea margin, 4) E-W compressionl regeme along southwestern margin of the Okhotsk Sea and off southern Hokkaido, 5) E-W compressionl regeme along the Japan Trench, 6) rifting in the central arc of the Izu-Ogasawara Arc has been established since 3 Ma, at the earliest 6 Ma. <br>We utilized high resolution data set which we enable to access. Tow big problems, however, still remain in terms of reliability of fault recognition. Those are 1) age of fault movement and 2) spatial distribution of fault. To solve the first one, new technique is required in order to obtain core samples which provide critical evidence to determine age of fault movement. As is second problem concerned, new intensive seismic survey is indispensable to make a precise fault distribution map, especially in the boundary area between land and sea.
著者
佐藤 瑠美 張 勁 山腰 裕子 佐竹 洋 竹内 章 岡村 行信
出版者
一般社団法人日本地球化学会
雑誌
日本地球化学会年会要旨集
巻号頁・発行日
vol.51, pp.182, 2004

2001年、北海道茂津多岬沖海底で、1km2弱の豹紋状巨大バクテリアマットが発見された。本研究は、この巨大バクテリアマットの生成メカニズム、海底冷湧水とテクトニクスの関連性を明らかにすることを目的とした。1999-2003年計10回の潜航調査により採取された柱状試料で、バクテリアマット下0-4cmbsfで、急激な硫酸濃度減少が見られ、硫酸還元菌も確認された。硫酸還元は、メタン又は有機物と反応するが、間隙水中のΔSO4とΔCa+ΔMgのモル比が1:1であることより、メタン起源であることが分かった。また、塩素濃度減少と、δ18O/δDの値から、メタンの起源がメタンハイドレートである可能性が大きいと推測され、堆積物中の有機炭素量にも支持された。さらに、斜面崩壊の痕跡と共にバクテリアマット下5-37cmbsfで強い硫化水素臭の砂利層が確認され、地殻熱流量の実測値と合わせた結果、砂利層を通って、メタン源からメタンが広域に供給されることが考えられる。
著者
岡村 行信
出版者
Japanese Society for Active Fault Studies
雑誌
活断層研究 (ISSN:09181024)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2008, no.28, pp.31-39, 2008

Method and result of offshore active fault survey were reviewed. Acoustic and seismic waves are widely used for offshore topographic and geologic surveys. Higher frequency acoustic waves have high-resolution but attenuate rapidly in water or sediments, thus they are mainly used for seafloor topographic survey or shallow high-resolution seismic profiling survey. Multi-narrow beam sounding provided evolutionary detailed seafloor topographic maps that clearly show fault traces. Lower frequency seismic waves are widely used for survey of deep sea and deep subsurface geology, but their resolution is generally too low to evaluate the activity of faults in late Pleistocene or Holocene time. Multi-channel seismic profiling survey and digital signal processing technology tremendously improved quality of seismic profiles. Offshore active fault maps around Japan were published in 1980's and 1990's based mainly on analyses of single channel seismic profiles. The events of active fault have been identified only in shallow bay areas using high-resolution seismic profiles and sediment cores. In contrast, it is generally difficult to determine events in open sea areas, because of low quality of seismic profiles. Multi-channel seismic profiling system using a high-frequency sound source made it possible to obtain high quality seismic profiles in the open shallow sea area and showed an active fault in the source area of the 2007 Noto-Hanto earthquake. In the deep sea, low-frequency seismic profiling system generally show clear geologic structure including active faults, but it is difficult to determine their activity in the late Pleistocene and Holocene period. Analyses of turbidites and dive surveys using submersibles have been conducted to determine the ancient events of fault activity in the deep-sea area. There is no enough data of offshore active faults, especially in very shallow marine area along coast.
著者
岡村 行信
出版者
石油技術協会
雑誌
石油技術協会誌 (ISSN:03709868)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.65, no.1, pp.40-47, 2000 (Released:2008-03-27)
参考文献数
21
被引用文献数
3 11

The eastern margin of the Japan Sea has rifted in the early Miocene. Then it hascompressed during the late Pliocene through the Quaternary. This change of stress caused basininversion along the margin, but the inversion structures vary mainly due to difference of therifting structures. In this paper, three types of basin inversion were defined. Type A basininversion is characterized by simple inversion of half grabens. Miocene normal faults reactivatedas reverse faults and the whole grabens have been uplifted. Many basin inversions of this typehave been widely formed in the Sado Ridge and Mogami Trough in the southern part of theeastern margin of the Japan Sea, to the west of the Tohoku Arc. Type B basin inversion isdefined by anticlinoriums in the major rift basins along the coastal zone of the Tohoku arc. Therifts have been partly uplifted by reverse faults and asymmetric anticlines, suggesting that partsof the extensional faults in the rifts have reactivated. Type C basin inversion forms the OkushiriRidge which continues in the N-S direction along the eastern margin of the Japan Basin to thewest of Hokkaido. It is not clear that the ridge has overprinted on the preexisting extensionalfaults. Reverse faults in the three types of basin inversion are accompanied by asymmetricanticlines or anticlinoriums. The profiles of the anticlines suggest that hinges of the anticlineshave been fixed during the growth of the anticlines. These structure and growth pattern of theanticlines can be explained by listric reverse faults and detachments at 10-20km in depth. Thegeologic structure related with extensional tectonics are generally obscure due to the lack ofpre-rift sedimentary sequences and extensive activity of volcanism in the rifting stage.Consequentry, it is difficult to clarify the relationship of the major fault systems between theextensional and compressional stages.
著者
荒井 晃作 岡村 行信 池原 研 芦 寿一郎 徐 垣 木下 正高
出版者
日本地質学会
雑誌
地質學雜誌 (ISSN:00167630)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.112, no.12, pp.749-759, 2006-12-15
参考文献数
30
被引用文献数
2 8

フィリピン海プレートの沈み込み境界である南海トラフ東部の前弧斜面上部の音波探査を実施した結果,大陸棚および陸棚斜面に正断層帯が存在していることが明らかになった.これらの断層は,すべて北落ちで最大変位量は0.2秒(往復走時)に達する.音波探査断面の解釈から,これらの断層は中期更新世以降に活動的で,最終氷期以降も活動していると考えられる.断層の活動履歴を検討するために,断層の上盤および下盤側のピストンコア試料を採取した.調査を行った断層群は特に下盤側の堆積速度が小さいために,活動履歴は明らかにならなかったが,一連の研究でその平均変位量は数10cm/千年であることが分かった.断層の形成は前弧斜面上部の傾動隆起と同じ時期に活動を開始していること,傾動隆起量の大きい海域で断層変位量が大きいことから,断層群の形成は前弧斜面上部の傾動隆起を伴うテクトニクスと密接に関連していると考えられる.
著者
岡村 行信
出版者
日本地質学会
雑誌
地質學雜誌 (ISSN:00167630)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.96, no.3, pp.223-237, 1990-03-15
被引用文献数
2 20