著者

林 隆嗣

出版者

日本印度学仏教学会

雑誌

印度學佛教學研究 (ISSN:00194344)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.1, pp.445-438, 2018-12-20 (Released:2019-09-07)

参考文献数

10

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In his article, “The Doctorinal Canonization of the Kathāvatthu” (IBK, Vol.63, No.3, 2015, pp.1243–1249), Toshifumi Shimizu investigated a discussion about the Kathāvatthu in the Aṭṭhasālinī, and concluded that, in order to accept what was spoken by the Buddha’s disciples (sāvakabhāsita) as “the word of the Buddha,” Theravādins required three conditions: (1) being based on māṭikā demonstrated by the Buddha, (2) corresponding to sabbaññutañāṇa, and (3) being retroactively approved with anumodanā given by the Buddha. However, his argument is not reasonable. The Aṭṭhasālinī explicitly mentions the reason why the Kathāvatthu composed by Moggaliputtatissa is buddhabhāsita as that, after the prediction of the Buddha, Moggaliputtatissa, following the summary (māṭikā) established by the Buddha, expounded it with the method given by the Buddha. The commentator compares it with the Madhupiṇḍikasutta of the Majjhimanikāya. In this sutta, the Buddha gives his disciples a brief discourse, and later Mahākaccāna expounds it to them in detail. That is finally confirmed by the Buddha saying, “I would have explained it in the same way that Mahākaccāna did. Such is exactly the meaning of this. Receive it as it is.”It is noteworthy that the Pāli commentator did not intend to establish a general principle to regard sāvakabhāsita as buddhabhāsita, and also the Pāli commentator, in spite of his exertion to regard the Kathāvatthu as buddhabhāsita, agrees that what the Pāli tipiṭaka called “Buddhavacana” (the word of the Buddha) consists not only of buddhabhāsita, but also of sāvakabhāsita, and so on. Thus acknowledging a text to be buddhabhāsita is not equivalent to its canonization. Relating to the canonization of the Kathāvatthu, we may rather note that Moggaliputtatissa was pre-approved with the Buddha’s prediction and was entrusted as a successor by the arahats at the second council to purge the saṅgha by holding the third council with this work.

著者

林 隆嗣

出版者

こども教育宝仙大学

雑誌

こども教育宝仙大学紀要 = Bulletin of Hosen College of Childhood Education

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, pp.21-30, 2020-03-04

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The purpose of meditation is to obtain a cessation of suffering along with the alteration of consciousness. While the ideal developments of mind and the positive outcomes of meditation are exclusively discussed in the Buddhist texts, the Visuddhimagga and Pāli commentaries notice the actual problems such as ten kinds of ・ impediment (palibodha) which the meditator need to sever before starting meditation and the eighteen kinds of unfavorable monasteries, which are called fault (dosa). A noisy environment created by worshipers and others hinders the meditator from concentrating his mind. External stimulation does not only break up the meditation, but sometimes provokes rather unpleasant reactions. Improper conditions, both physical and mental, during the meditation also have a mischievous influence on the meditator’s mind. Imbalance of five faculties also induces mental disorders. When unpleasant reactions appears in a meditator’s mind, one of the effective method of selfcare solution is considered to be scolding, talking to, convincing himself and pulling him back to the ordinary perception. In this paper, we consider the methods of handling such troubles during the meditation in Theravāda Buddhism.

著者

林 隆嗣

雑誌

こども教育宝仙大学 = Bulletin of Hosen College Of Childhood Education

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.1-12, 2022-03-02

著者

林 隆嗣

出版者

こども教育宝仙大学

雑誌

こども教育宝仙大学紀要 = Bulletin of Hosen College of Childfood Education

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, pp.21-31, 2019-03-04

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Satipatthāna (establishing mindfulness) is one of the most popular practice in various Buddhist meditations, in which the meditator, being attentive to the body and the state of mind, keeps knowing how it moves and how it feels and observing how it arises and ceases. This practice comprises two mental functions, that is, sati (mindfulness) and sampajāna/sampajañña (full-awareness) in Pāli. It is reasonable that sati is the central concept in this “mindfulness” meditation and thus it has been drawn modern scholars’ attention. However, we should note that the Buddhist meditation is to be practiced with collaborative action of sati and sampajāna which could be effective on stress reduction or relief from suffering such as pain, grief and depression. In this paper, investigating what is taught with sati, with sampajāna in Pāli texts and with both words such as “satimā ・ sampajāno”, “sati ca sampajaññañ ca”, “sampajānā satīmatī ”, “sampajāno patissato” and so on, we would explore the importance of sati and sampajāna, both of which bear multiple meanings and functions, and their relation to the reduction of stress and pain.

著者

林 隆嗣

出版者

パーリ学仏教文化学会

雑誌

パーリ学仏教文化学 = Journal of Pali and buddhist studies (ISSN:09148604)

巻号頁・発行日

no.27, pp.21-46, 2013-12

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The formation of the Tipitaka in Theravada history has been an object of study since the beginning of modern studies, and the notion of the "Canon" for a fixed list of Pali scriptures also has been reconsidered for the last several decades. However, studies of the canonization of the Pali scriptures have mainly focused on the extant set of the Tipitaka, including comparisons with the canonical collections in other Buddhist schools, while "apocryphal" works in contrast to "canon", which were to be excluded from a closed canon, have been for some reason neglected, except for considerably later works. The Samantapasadika classifies Buddhist texts regarding the exposition of dhammas, and here is a list of works outside of the Canon, namely, "those which were not listed in the three councils": the Kulumbasutta, the Rajovadasutta, the Tikkhindriya, the Catuparivatta, the Nandopananda as well as the Apalaladamana, of which the last one is not counted according to a Sihala-atthakatha (Mahapaccari). Those suttas are not found in the present Canon and seem to have been lost in the Theravada tradition. [Adikaram 1946: 98] mentioned them in the context of "other compilations, which were not recited at the three councils, but seem to have been accepted by the Theravadins". While [von Hinuber 1996/1997: sec. 437] noted that nothing is known about their contents, some of them are quoted in the Pali commentaries. This paper investigates the Atthasalini (As) which contains passages from the Kulumbasutta, from the Catuparivattasutta along with the Indriyagocarasutta and from an anonymous non-canonical sutta, contributing to the discussion on the nature and the date of the apocryphal texts in Theravada Buddhism. Same passage from the Kulumba-s is cited in several Pali commentaries, and it appears in the As in the discussion from the Maha-atthakatha as one of the leading Sihala-atthakathas. Comparison with the Chinese Agamas reveals that this sutta has phrases typical to the Pali Nikayas. The terminology and the method of analysis found in the quotation from the Catuparivatta-s and the Indriyagocara-s, formally evaluated as pariyayadesana, show the characteristic exclusive to the later Pali Abhidhamma, especially the Patthana. An anonymous sutta which was "not listed in the Council" is cited to support the interpretation of citta. Moreover, the first of the following three verses apparently related to this sutta is also not canonical. The third unfamiliar verse accompanied by the second canonical verse (Sn 654) preexists in the Kathavatthu where the opponent quotes and the Theravadins agree to them as suttantas and as what was said by the Buddha.

著者

林 隆嗣

出版者

日本印度学仏教学会

雑誌

印度學佛教學研究 (ISSN:00194344)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.1, pp.338-331, 2011-12-20

著者

林 隆嗣

出版者

日本印度学仏教学会

雑誌

印度學佛教學研究 (ISSN:00194344)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.1, pp.358-351, 2010-12-20

著者

蓑輪 顕量 林 隆嗣 今水 寛 越川 房子 佐久間 秀範 熊野 宏昭

出版者

東京大学

雑誌

挑戦的研究(開拓)

巻号頁・発行日

2018-06-29

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仏教分野は文献を中心に、止観の実践と理論とがどのように形成されたか、実践に伴う負の反応にどう対処したのかを明らかにし、また心理学、脳科学(認知行動科学)との接点を探る。脳科学分野では瞑想時の脳活動を熟練者、中級者を対象に計測し、瞑想時の脳活動を計測し、予想される負の側面について、注意機能に与える影響を検証する。心理学分野ではマインドフルネス瞑想のグループ療法の参加者を対象にランダム化比較試験を実施し、媒介変数の絞り込み、意図通りに進まない場合の対処法、有害事象の有無について検討する。さらに初学者に止と観の瞑想の順番を変えて実習させた場合に生じる問題点、およびその対処方法について検討する。

著者

林 隆嗣

出版者

日本印度学仏教学会

雑誌

印度學佛教學研究 (ISSN:00194344)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.1, pp.350-343, 2014

著者

小林 隆嗣 吉松 大介 宮﨑 秀夫

出版者

社団法人 におい・かおり環境協会

雑誌

におい・かおり環境学会誌 (ISSN:13482904)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.4, pp.246-252, 2013-11-25 (Released:2017-10-11)

参考文献数

24

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タンパク質を主成分とする舌苔を除去すると,口気中の揮発性硫黄化合物(volatile sulfur compounds : VSCs)濃度が低下することが知られている.本研究では舌苔を効率よく除去するように設計されたタブレットの評価を行った.被験者にプロテアーゼ含有/非含有タブレットを3回舐めてもらい,舌苔をスコア付けした.タブレットを舐める前後で口気中VSCs濃度をガスクロマトグラフィー法で測定した.プロテアーゼ含有タブレットを舐めることで,舌苔スコアが減少し,口気中の硫化水素とメチルメルカプタン濃度が有意に減少した.

著者

林 隆嗣

出版者

大法輪閣

雑誌

大法輪

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.6, pp.110-114, 2020-06

著者

林 隆嗣

出版者

こども教育宝仙大学

雑誌

こども教育宝仙大学紀要

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, pp.37-45, 2014-03-12

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The Visuddhimagga (Vism) composed by Buddhaghosa, the most eminent commentator in Theravāda Buddhism, is undoubtedly an essential text to comprehend the Theravādin’s aspect of the Buddhist philosophy and practice. In the chapter 12 of the Vism, surveying various kinds of the supernormal powers, Buddhaghosa quotes the Canonical description that the one with the power touches the moon and sun, and he introduces an interpretation by the elder Tipiṭaka-Cūḷanāga (contemporary with the king Kūtakaṇṇatissa, reigned 41-19 BC) that this power physically enlarges one’s hand. Here, Cūḷanāga refers to the story called “Nandopanandadamana” relating a psychic duel between the royal nāga Nandopananda and Mahā-Moggallāna,one of the chief disciples of the Buddha. The textual evidence shows that this story was not only known to the monk in the 1st century BC, but also commonly accepted among the Theravādins still in the 5th century AD. The Nandopananda[damana], explicitly recognized in the Vinaya commentary as one of the dhammas “which were not listed in the three councils”, even exists in the Tibetan and Chinese translations. This fact throws a new light on the study of apocryphal literature of Pāli Buddhism as well as on the study of source materials of the Pāli commentaries.

著者

林 隆嗣

出版者

こども教育宝仙大学

雑誌

こども教育宝仙大学紀要 (ISSN:18847617)

巻号頁・発行日

no.5, pp.37-45, 2014-03

著者

小林 隆嗣

出版者

独立行政法人理化学研究所

雑誌

若手研究(B)

巻号頁・発行日

2008

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エステル結合を含むポリマーを遺伝情報に基づいて合成できれば,規則正しいポリエステルの合成が可能となる.本研究では,リボソームにおけるエステル結合の導入を実現するために,アミノアシルtRNA合成酵素のひとつを改変した.その結果,効率よくエステル結合の構成要素となるα-ヒドロキシ酸を認識する酵素が得られた.それらを用いることで,エステル結合を形成させるのに必要なα-ヒドロキシ酸が2つ連続して導入できる試験管内の系を確立することに成功した.