著者
今井 久登 石井 幸子
出版者
東京女子大学
雑誌
東京女子大学紀要論集 (ISSN:04934350)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.58, no.1, pp.139-160, 2007-09

In this article, we report on an experimental investigation of the spontaneous, uncued recall of prospective memories (memories for activities to be performed at a later time). Einstein & McDaniel (1990) developed an experimental paradigm for investigating prospective memory, in which participants were required to perform both an ongoing task (e.g., remembering words presented on the PC screen) and a prospective memory task (e.g., pressing a designated key whenever they saw a particular word, such as rake). They also claimed that there are two types of prospective memory: one is event-based prospective memory recall, which is triggered by another event ("I will give a message to John when I meet him"), and the other is time-based prospective memory recall, which is to be done after a particular period of time has elapsed (I will call Mary in 30 minutes") or at a certain time ("I will watch TV at 7:00 PM"). We examine the nature of the Einstein and McDaniel's paradigm and show that several important aspects of prospective memory have been left unstudied; specifically, spontaneous, uncued recall. We consider that it is caused by the cue-oriented nature of the paradigm. Furthermore, considering the prospective memory function in our everyday life, we cast doubt of the validity of the dissociation between time-based and event-based prospective memory. To investigate these two issues, we conducted a task-content oriented experiment which was a refined version of Einstein and McDaniel's paradigm. Thirteen undergraduates (9 male and 4 female) were presented 4 photographs on the PC screen simultaneously, and were required to judge which one of these four belonged to a different category (ongoing task). They were also required to stop the ongoing task when a photograph of envelopes was presented during the ongoing task and to call the experimenter in order to answer a questionnaire in an envelope before the experiment finished. Six participants were randomly assigned to an uncued condition, in which the photograph of envelopes was not actually presented (a photograph of a compass was presented instead) and 7 participants to a cued condition. The result showed that, although the expected recall cue was not presented, all the participants in uncued condition spontaneously remembered the prospective memory task. Furthermore, it was revealed that spontaneous recall did not occur randomly; instead, it frequently occurred near the end of the ongoing task, which is similar to the U-shaped clock-checking curve in the time-based prospective memory research (Ceci et al., 1988). These results suggest that participants in the uncued condition performed their event-based prospective memory task as a time-based one, and support our claim that prospective memory has both a time-based and event-based nature.
著者
小川 千代子 秋山 淳子 石井 幸雄 石橋 映里 菅 真城 北村 麻紀 君塚 仁彦 西川 康男 廣川 佐千男 船越 幸夫 益田 宏明 山﨑 久道
出版者
記録管理学会
雑誌
レコード・マネジメント (ISSN:09154787)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.73, pp.44-59, 2017

<p> 本研究は3か年計画で記録管理学という学問分野の体系化を目的とする第1年目の成果である。ここでいう記録管理学体系化とは、実務者が、自身が経験した個別事例を一般化された記録管理体系の中に位置づける手がかりを求め、そこから文書管理実務の観察、検討、改善への道筋を探れるようになることを意図している。たとえば記録連続体論は、記録の存在を研究観察対象として論じる。だが、現実的実務につながるという面で見ると、記録管理学は長くその体系化の必要が叫ばれながら、事例紹介の蓄積にとどまり、体系の大枠すら明確ではない。そこで、初年度は文書管理の実務者が業務遂行上依拠する現状の文書制度に基づき、記録管理学の体系化の糸口を探ることとした。研究では、諸文書管理例規を収集し、用語と定義の比較分析を行った。</p>
著者
山田 悦郎 高橋 カネ子 佐藤 光夫 石井 幸博
出版者
公益社団法人 日本冷凍空調学会
雑誌
日本冷凍空調学会論文集
巻号頁・発行日
vol.11, no.1, pp.17-23, 1994

In this paper, the experimental results are represented on the effective thermal conductivity of cellulose insulation powder which is made from recycled newspapers. This insulating material is useful for energy and resources saving. The steady state cylindrical absolute method is employed by considering the accuracy of measurement. The experimental results are compared with the ones measured previously by other methods.<br>The main results obtained are as follows;<br>(1) The effective thermal conductivity of this insulating material increases with increasing temperature and effective specific density, respectively. But, these increasing rate is not so large.<br>(2) The effective thermal conductivity is about 0.04-0.06[W/mK] at the range of the effective specific density less than 100 [kg/m<SUP>3</SUP>]. This value is comparable with other industrial insulating materials.
著者
石井 幸雄 浜田 行弘 菅 真城 松岡 美佳
出版者
記録管理学会
雑誌
レコード・マネジメント : 記録管理学会誌 (ISSN:09154787)
巻号頁・発行日
no.65, pp.109-133, 2013-11-30

多くの大学が改革を加速させている。社会からの要請、18歳人口の減少、法令改正など外部環境の変化に的確に対応することは、大学が生き残る上で不可欠だからである。大学があるべき姿を実現するために、どのような戦略をたて、ヒト・モノ・カネ・情報という経営資源をどのように管理していくのかが喫緊の課題だと認識している。本稿では、大学の事務組織の業務を対象として、私物化意識の排除、事務の効率化支援、意思決定の最適化支援の観点から文書管理について考察する。大学認証評価制度の観点から内部質保証に資するための情報共有について言及し、「文書管理は大学経営の基盤である」という仮説の検証を試みる。
著者
石井 幸三
出版者
龍谷大学
雑誌
龍谷法学 (ISSN:02864258)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.38, no.3, pp.514-568, 2005-12-26