- 著者
- 飯干 明 大村 一光 小山 宏之 村木 有也 阿江 通良
- 出版者
- 社団法人日本体育学会
- 雑誌
- 日本体育学会大会予稿集
- 巻号頁・発行日
- no.56, 2005-11-01
2 0 0 0 OA スタートダッシュフォームと肉離れのバイオメカニクス的研究
- 著者
- 飯干 明 阿江 通良 宮下 憲 末永 政治
- 出版者
- 一般社団法人 日本体育・スポーツ・健康学会
- 雑誌
- 体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.34, no.4, pp.359-372, 1990-03-01 (Released:2017-09-27)
- 被引用文献数
- 2 1
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between muscle strain and the running form at start dash. Twelve male sprinters were divided into two groups, an injured group (N=7) and an uninjured group (N=5), according to their history of previous hamstring muscles strain. They were filmed at the 1st step and the 5th step after starting with crouching style by means of a 16mm motion picture camera. Ground reaction forces were measured with a Kistler force platform. Selected kinematic and kinetic variables, such as joint angles, muscle length of hamstrings and muscle torques of the lower limb, were computed. The results were as follows; 1) The injured group tended to swing the lower leg more forward and the thigh backward less quickly before touchdown than the uninjured group. They also tended to show a greater thigh angle of the support leg at touchdown and to flex the support leg at the 5th step more than the uninjured group. 2) The injured group showed a significantly larger hip extensors torque than the uninjured group during the first half of the support phase for the 5th step. 3) The injured group showed greater shortening velocity of hamstrings during the first half of the support phase for the 5th step. The results suggest that larger hip extensors torque and greater shortening velocity of hamstrings during the first half of the support phase will be factors of the occurrence of muslce strain during start dash. These factors might be due to the start dash form such as contacting with a greater thigh angle of the support leg and flexing the support leg during support phase for the 5th step. This suggests that there exist the running form and the stage of sprinting where hamstring muscles strain is susceptible to occur.
2 0 0 0 疾走中の下肢における機械的エネルギーの流れ
The purposes of this study were to analyze energy flows between lower limb segments during a cycle of sprinting and to clarify the characteristics of two different running motions, starting dash and sprinting at a constant speed, by comparing their energy flows. Three male sprinters dashed 20m and ran 100m giving their full effort. They were filmed at the 1-step and 5-step points after the start and at the 80m mark of the 100m sprint with a motion-picture camera. Ground reaction force data were simultaneously sampled at 500Hz. Digitized x and y coordinates of the body marks were smoothed by a digital filter cutting off at 8Hz for the start dash and 10Hz for sprinting. A 14-segment link modelling was used to compute linear and angular kinematics, joint forces, and net muscle moments. Joint force and muscle moment powers (abbreviated JP and MP) were computed as defined by Robertson and Winter (1980). Analysis and comparison of energy flow in a starting dash and sprinting at a constant speed revealed that: 1) Magnitude of energy flow by JP was much greater than that of MP in sprinting, while the difference in power level of JP and MP was less 1 step after the start. 2) In the early recovery period of sprinting, energy in the lower limb flowed from the trunk toward the foot, and it flowed in the reverse direction in the late recovery period. In the support period, the muscles at the ankle and knee joints absorbed most of the energy. Energy flowed from the trunk and thigh to the shank in the first half of the support period, and from the foot to the shank and from the trunk to the shank through the thigh in the second half. 3) In the recovery period of the starting dash energy flowed in the same manner as in sprinting. However, in the support period, the energy flowed from the foot to the thigh and the trunk. Notable was energy flow from the opposite thigh (i.e., the recovery thigh) to the trunk. From the viewpoint of energy flow patterns in the lower limb, a starting dash may be characterized as the running motion that accumulates as much mechanical energy in the trunk as possible through the generation of energy by the knee joint muscles and the transfer of energy to the trunk from the leg, especially the opposite leg at the support stage. Sprinting at constant speed may be characterized as the running motion to redistribute the energy between the body segments and the trunk with the minimum loss of energy.
2 0 0 0 OA 2007世界陸上(大阪)における競技技術の国際比較
1 0 0 0 OA 外傷後鎖骨遠位端骨溶解症の1例
- 著者
- 飯干 明 濱中 秀昭 伊勢 紘平
- 出版者
- West-Japanese Society of Orthopedics & Traumatology
- 雑誌
- 整形外科と災害外科 (ISSN:00371033)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.51, no.1, pp.100-103, 2002-03-25 (Released:2010-02-25)
- 参考文献数
- 11
We report a case of post-traumatic osteolysis of the distal end of the clavicle. The case was a 48-year-old man who sustained an injury to his shoulder in a bicycle accident six months before. He had felt inveterate pain and swelling in his left acromio-clavicular joint after the accident, though the shoulder radiograph taken soon after the accident showed no abnormality. After five months, osteolysis of the distal end of the left clavicle was found on radiograph. According to laboratory data, there were no findings of infection. Comparison of radiograph taken just after injury with that taken two and five months later revealed that the patient sustained fracture of the distal end of his left clavicle (Neer's classification type III) first, and later developed osteolysis of his left claviclar distal end occurred because he did not rest his shoulder. By conservative trearment, pain is decreasing and no progress of osteolysis has been seen in follow-up radiograph.
