5 0 0 0 OA 学校における医薬品に関する教育の指導
- 著者
- 鬼頭 英明
- 出版者
- 公益社団法人 日本薬学会
- 雑誌
- YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.133, no.12, pp.1319-1323, 2013 (Released:2013-12-01)
- 参考文献数
- 16
- 被引用文献数
- 1
To promote the education on medicines in school, guidance is, as a rule, to be given in the health education of the Subject, “Health and Physical Education” indicated as a curriculum standard in lower and upper secondary school, and in the health guidance, which carry out in Special Activities and Integrated Studies, etc. Guidance is mainly carried by the teacher for health and physical in health education and school nurse teacher (yogo teacher) in health guidance. In health education we have only limited school hours, and generally use the text book. Some teachers feel resistance to teach medicines because of needs on the special knowledge, however teachers should deal with medicines based on curriculum standard. School pharmacist is a member of school, and has a special knowledge for medicines, and he/she can support teachers as a provider of teaching materials, an adviser, and for a guest teacher. It is important for school pharmacist to understand the contents indicated in curriculum standard and to use glossary to be able to understand for children. In the guidance of health, it is not necessary to teach based on curriculum standard, and it can deal with advanced contents on medicines. However it is important to understand for children what are appropriate contents according to the development stage. To use the packages and instructions for medicines provided at home are good materials for children to have interest the medicines in their guidance. The objectives of education on medicines enable children to cultivate practical abilities for the maintenance and improvement of health.
2 0 0 0 OA 青少年の薬物乱用に関するモニタリングとデータアーカイブ構築
若者の喫煙,飲酒を含む薬物乱用は変化するので繰り返し調査をしてモニタリングを行うことが必要である.本研究では,日本とアジアの青少年の薬物乱用の実態を調査し,データ・アーカイブを構築した.得られた結果は以下のようである.(1) 日本の青少年の喫煙,飲酒経験は連続して低下しており,2009年の時点でのこれまで1度でも喫煙経験した者の割合は13.1%,飲酒生涯経験率は56.7%であった. (2) 何らかの違法薬物を一度でも経験した者は2009年,男子1.1%,女子で0.6%であった. (3) 日本を含むアジア諸国の青少年の違法薬物乱用経験は欧米に比べて著しく低い. (4) 日本の高校生のほとんどは,薬物乱用の危険性をよく理解し,乱用に拒否的な態度を もつ. (5) 以上をまとめデータ・アーカイブを構築するとともに,その重要性を指摘した.
1 0 0 0 OA 低用量カドミウム曝露と健康影響
- 著者
- 小山 洋 鬼頭 英明 佐藤 雅彦 遠山 千春
- 出版者
- The Japanese Society for Hygiene
- 雑誌
- 日本衛生学雑誌 (ISSN:00215082)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.57, no.3, pp.547-555, 2002-09-15 (Released:2009-02-17)
- 参考文献数
- 69
- 被引用文献数
- 10 12
We reviewed studies on genotoxicity and carcinogenicity of cadmium (Cd). Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli exposed to Cd did not show mutagenicity, whereas cultured mammalian cells exposed to Cd showed mutation, DNA strand breaks, and chromosomal aberrations. Carcinogenicity tests showed that exposure to Cd increased the occurrence of tumors in testis, lung, prostate, hematopoietic tissues, and injection sites. On the other hand, recent epidemiologic studies are not supportive of earlier observations on the association between Cd and prostate cancer. The US NIOSH data on a possible association between Cd and lung cancer may need reevaluation. No studies which show a positive relationship between oral Cd exposure and carcinogenesis have been reported. All available data suggest that Cd should be reassigned to IARC Group 2A (probably carcinogenic to humans) from the current Group 1.
1 0 0 0 OA 高校生の薬物乱用と背景要因についての定点追跡調査研究
49の高校(定点校)の生徒に,平成23年度(32,259名)と25年度(32,458名)の2回「高校生の喫煙,飲酒,薬物乱用の実態と生活習慣に関する全国定点追跡調査」を実施した。この2年間で薬物乱用経験者率は0.63%→0.51%に,飲酒の年経験者率は 40.0%→30.6%に,喫煙の年経験者は5.3%→3.6%と,減少していた。高校生においては「朝食摂取」,「学校生活の楽しさ」,「クラブの参加状態」,「アルバイトの週平均時間」,「大人が不在の状態で過ごす1日平均時間」,「悩みごと等を親に相談する方か」などのライフスタイルによる飲酒,喫煙の習慣化が薬物乱用に至る大きな要因として考えられた。