著者
Onuki A Somiya H
出版者
Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom
雑誌
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the UK (ISSN:00253154)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.84, no.4, pp.843-850, 2004-08

The John dory, Zeus faber, has a pair of intrinsic sonic muscles on the swimbladder wall and produces sounds by rapid contractions of the muscles. The physical properties of the sounds and the detailed innervation pattern to the sonic muscle were investigated. The dory emitted two types of the sounds: "bark" and "growl". The bark consisted of continuous multiple pulses and lasted about 85ms on the average. The growl consisted of a group of intermittent single-pulses and lasted for 50 ms to 1.2 s. The main frequencies of both sounds were almost similar and ranged between 200 to 600 Hz. The sonic muscles were innervated by the sonic branches of the 1st.4th spinal nerves. Interestingly, the innervation from the first spinal nerve was newly revealed in the present study. Total of 1,700 myelinated axons innervated the sonic muscles on both sides. There was no sex difference in the sonic muscle size as judged by the sonic muscle-somatic index (SMSI, male: 0.675%, female: 0.670%). The sounds in the dory possibly function as a threatening means.
著者
DECENZO MAUREEN KURANDA MIKE COHEN SETH BABIAK JOHN JIANG ZHI-DONG SUN DONGYU HICKEY MARK SANCHETI PRAVEEN BRADFORD PATRICIA A. YOUNGMAN PHIL PROJAN STEVE ROTHSTEIN DAVID M.
出版者
公益財団法人 日本感染症医薬品協会
雑誌
The Journal of Antibiotics
巻号頁・発行日
vol.55, no.3, pp.288-295, 2002
被引用文献数
25

A screening system is described that can detect and confirm inhibitors of the late steps of cell wall biosynthesis. The primary high through-put screen monitors induction of &beta;-lactamase following exposure to samples, in an <i>Escherichia coli envA</i>- strain that carries the &beta;-lactamase gene from <i>Citrobacter freundii</i> on a plasmid. Positive samples were detected from compound libraries, from natural products libraries, and from fractions of natural products crude preparations. These samples were then subjected to <i>in vitro</i> assays that could detect the incorporation of soluble cell wall precursor into Lipid I, Lipid II, and polymerized cell wall, using a TLC system that was very accurate and unambiguous in detecting known cell wall inhibitors. One partially purified sample containing a novel antibacterial agent derived from natural products was found to inhibit the formation of Lipid I (50% inhibition at &le;62.5ng/ml), whereas another partially purified sample also derived from natural products inhibited transglycosylation into cell wall polymer (50% inhibition at &le;10&mu;g/ml). This screening system proved to be especially useful because it was sufficiently sensitive and robust to detect inhibitors among samples of crude preparations or varying states of purity.
著者
Remmers John E. Schultz Stanley A. Wallace Jacqueline TAKEDA Ryuji HAJI Akira
出版者
公益社団法人 日本薬理学会
雑誌
The Japanese journal of pharmacology (ISSN:00215198)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.75, no.2, pp.161-169, 1997-10-01
参考文献数
19
被引用文献数
4

Investigation of the identity and modes of action of neurotransmitters in the mammalian central nervous system can be facilitated by simultaneous intracellular recording of membrane potential and extracellular iontophoresis of agonists and antagonists. We describe here techniques for conveniently constructing a compound microelectrode, originally described by Sonnhof (Pflugers Arch 341, 351-358, 1973), suitable for such studies. The Sonnhof electrode consists of two components, a centraxial micropipette for recording membrane potential surrounded by a cylindrical array of 6 pipettes for iontophoresis. The cylindrical array tapers coaxially and terminates in 6 contiguous, crescent-shaped orifices surrounding the terminal portion of the central pipette, 25-50 &mu;m from the tip. Pipettes were constructed from borosilicate glass tubing of 1-mm wall thickness having a 10-mm or 16-mm outer diameter. The resistances, flux and transport numbers for iontophoresis of glycine were measured for pipettes constructed from both sizes of glass. Flux increased with increasing levels of current, and transport number decreased with increasing micropipette resistance. A spherical diffusion model points out the steep dependence of steady state concentration on diffusional distance, stressing the importance of diminishing the distance between the iontophoresis source and the recording site. This is particularly true when brief pulses of current are used.
著者
FUJII Hironori A. KRUIJFF Michiel van der HEIDE Erik J. WATANABE Takeo
出版者
一般社団法人 日本航空宇宙学会
雑誌
TRANSACTIONS OF THE JAPAN SOCIETY FOR AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE SCIENCES, AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY JAPAN
巻号頁・発行日
vol.8, no.27, pp.Tg_11-Tg_17, 2010
被引用文献数
2

The second Young Engineers' Satellite,YES2, is the longest manmade structure launched in 2007 and is space piggybacked on the Foton-M3 microgravity platform with the objective of a controlled deployment of a 32km tether. This paper introduces the object and the flight results of YES2 and the performance of the satellite is studied in comparison of the simulations and ground tests with respect to the flight results.
著者
Pool P. A. Ingram Ruth Abbott R. J. Jennings D. L. Topham Pauline B.
出版者
財団法人 日本メンデル協会
雑誌
CYTOLOGIA (ISSN:00114545)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.46, no.1, pp.125-132, 1981
被引用文献数
7

Previous workers have reported that Rubus chromosomes are too small for karyotype analyses at mitosis, and also that meiotic studies indicate no major structural differences between Rubus genomes. However, it was found possible to identify the seven chromosomes of Glen Clova, a cultivar of R. idaeus, and of R. coreanus. The chromosomes of R. idaeus differed from those of R. coreanus, four of them appreciably, and it was possible to identify each of the 14 chromosomes of four F1hybrids between the two species. In spite of these differences, meiosis and pollen formation in the hybrids appeared normal. It is suggested that genome differentiation in the genus is greater than realised, and that further karyotype analyses may aid studies of species relationships.
著者
DAVID G. MARTIN CAROLYN BILES SHIRLEY A. GERPHEIDE LADISLAV J. HANKA WILLIAM C. KRUEGER J. PATRICK MCGOVREN STEPHEN A. MIZSAK GARY L. NEIL JULIANNA C. STEWART JERONIMO VISSER
出版者
JAPAN ANTIBIOTICS RESEARCH ASSOCIATION
雑誌
The Journal of Antibiotics (ISSN:00218820)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.34, no.9, pp.1119-1125, 1981 (Released:2006-04-12)
参考文献数
8
被引用文献数
80 104

( Received for publication June 15, 1981)CC-1065 (NSC 298223) is a potent new antitumor antibiotic with a unique structure produced by Streptomyces zelensis. Improved production, isolation, and assay methods are described along with physico-chemical properties and antitumor activity.
著者
L. J. HANKA A. DIETZ S. A. GERPHEIDE S. L. KUENTZEL D. G. MARTIN
出版者
JAPAN ANTIBIOTICS RESEARCH ASSOCIATION
雑誌
The Journal of Antibiotics (ISSN:00218820)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.31, no.12, pp.1211-1217, 1978 (Released:2006-04-12)
参考文献数
23
被引用文献数
141 205

A new antitumor antibiotic is produced in fermentation liquors of Streptomyces zelensis sp.n. The antibiotic is biologically active at extremely low concentrations. At 40 pg/ml, it inhibited 90% of the growth of L1210 cells in culture in tube dilution assays. The minimal inhibitory concentrations against Gram-positive bacteria is between 1-10 ng/ml, while these values for Gram-negative bacteria and fungi are mostly under 1 μg/ml. A microbiological assay with Bacillus subtilis can detect concentrations of 1-2 ng/ml.