著者

橋本 征治

出版者

関西大学東西学術研究所

雑誌

関西大学東西学術研究所紀要 (ISSN:02878151)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, pp.55-77, 2007-04-01

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It is essential to investigate the cultural exchange with surrounding areas in analizing the formation and developing process of Japanese prehistoric agriculture. The study on the 'Southern Route' is especially important because it is assumed that the 'Southern Route' had influenced deeply on the formation of farming culture of vegetative root crops which had been the staple crops in the Japanese fundamendal agriculture. In general speaking, the 'Southern Route' consists of the continental route and the islands route. I have mainly studied the islands route, especially the route of the Kuroshio Current, which has Nansei Islands, Formosa, the Philippines along the Kuroshio Current. Comparing similarities of the traditional farming culture, language, rituals, archaeological ruins and remains between the regions along the Kuroshio Current, we can find spatial continuity and discontinuity of the similarities. This discontinuity, however, is not the absolute discontinuity, but is a partial one, and it is considered to be a phenomenon appeared on the outer layer of culture when you see it in time series. Therefore, it is important to investigate what really exists in the depth of such discontinuity, or to find out why it looks discontinued on the outer layer. This paper, as a process of investigating such depth under discontinuity, studied Lanyu (Botel Tobago), the small island in the southeast of Formosa, and recorded and investigated the farming styles, land ownership, and land usage, based on the field study of the farming system of root crops in Lanyu. Then, we compare them with those of Japanese Nansei Islands, Northern Philippines, and Fiji. As the result, Fiji and Nansei Islands showed the distinct contrast. Fiji people have developed the most rich and active farming culture of root crops, but Nansei Islanders have grown a few varieties with dedicated care. The root crops farming culture of Lanyu and Northern Philippines, which basically position between Fiji and Nansei Islands, showed similarity of something in-between concerning their characteristics. With close look, we found less variety in Lanyu which resembles the Nansei Islands, and ample variety in Northern Philippines which resemble Fiji. These positioning of similarity agrees with the idea that Lanyu belongs to the cultural diffusion area of the farming culture of vegetative root crops, following the Kuroshio Current from the Philippines, Formosa, and to the Nansei Islands.

著者

北川 勝彦

出版者

関西大学東西学術研究所

雑誌

関西大学東西学術研究所紀要 (ISSN:02878151)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, pp.51-64, 2008-04-01

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This study is a part of wider research in which this author has been so far investigating into various aspects of liberation struggles in Southern Africa. In particular, discussions have been focused on the relations between guerrillas war and peasant society and legacies of liberation struggles in the post-independent Zimbabwe. It is also intended to research on decolonization of imaginations which had been constructed under the European colonial rule in Africa. Visual images invented under colonialism have played significant roles in disseminating political landscape of Southern Africa. This means that the study is not only about visuality but also cultural contacts and political encompassment engendered by European expansion in Africa. Specific attention is paid upon the Matopos Hills south of Bulawayo in colonial Zimbabwe. In the process of colonization, European settlers explored, exploited and conquered the new lands and converted landscapes of the Matopos to their own one. In other words, Europeans tried to make colonial landscapes fit with their concept of what they had learned in Europe. To begin with, the word pictures by Thomas Baines, the main producer of visual images of the nineteenth century Rhodesian landscape is analyzed. To the next, the meaning of Rhodes' interment in the Matopos is considered as one of the most significant rituals of colonization of landscape. After his funeral on April 10th 1902 nothing was spared in installing Rhodes as the "spirit" of the land. Finally African view of the Matopos is taken not merely as the site of struggle but the deeply rooted imaginations of their landscape in the late 1970s liberation struggles. For African people the cave is the nucleus of a living and active landscape and Mwali cult and shrines of the Matopos does all things to the landscape of the hills. There is no doubt that combination of stone and water is central to their imagination of the landscape of the Matopos. This had been shaped by an interaction with hunter gatherers, cultivators and cattle-keepers for thousands of years although it seemed to nineteenth century European travelers so wild.

著者

和田 葉子

出版者

関西大学東西学術研究所

雑誌

関西大学東西学術研究所紀要 (ISSN:02878151)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, pp.A53-A70, 1996-03-31

著者

小野 文

出版者

関西大学東西学術研究所

雑誌

関西大学東西学術研究所紀要 (ISSN:02878151)

巻号頁・発行日

no.40, pp.157-178, 2007-04

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The present article examines the process of how Hieroglyphics and Chinese characters have been studied in parallel. The article includes the author's examination of how the perspective on relationships between Hieroglyphics Studies and Chinese Writing Studies was modified in the 19th century. To begin, we are going to outline several ideas of Sinologists on Egypt-China relation, that are formulated from the 17th century to the 19th century. Secondly, we will examine epistemological obstacles that prevented European Chinese Studies from facing the phonographical aspect of Chinese Writing. Lastly, we are going to analyze the development of Phonological Studies in the 19th century, and remark a similar tendency in Chinese Writing Studies in Europe.

著者

高橋 誠一

出版者

関西大学東西学術研究所

雑誌

関西大学東西学術研究所紀要 (ISSN:02878151)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, pp.A1-A39, 2001-03-31

著者

関屋 俊彦

出版者

関西大学東西学術研究所

雑誌

関西大学東西学術研究所紀要 = Bulletin of the Institute of Oriental and Occidental Studies, Kansai University (ISSN:02878151)

巻号頁・発行日

no.50, pp.121-128, 2017-04

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研究ノートStudy NotesThis paper is going to introduce Kyogen Serifu (狂言世利不) in the possession of the Osaka Prefectural Nakanoshima Library. The author gave a lecture titled The Fun of Kyogen at the library on March 26, 2015, at the request of Osamu Kaziwara, the Chief of the Division of Classics and Related Materials on Osaka. At that time, Mr. Kaziwara displayed manuscripts of Kyogen Serifu in eight volumes and asked about the details. Although it was obvious that no one had presented them to an academic society, an immediate answer could not be given. Therefore, the author went to read the manuscripts again and began investigation on another day, confirming that there is a strong possibility that they are new materials, scripts copied by disciples of the Matasaburo NOMURA family of Izumi school. That is, the members of the family settled in Kyoto over generations since the time of Matasaburo I, but they moved to Osaka in the period of Nobushige X (died in 1907 at the age of 72), where they remained until they moved again in the period of Nobuhide (died in 1945 at the age of 81). It was probably during this time of their leaving from Osaka when the manuscripts were relinquished, since the library purchased them in 1920. They originally belonged to Mr. Torii, who seems to had relation with Matasaburo. It is probable that Mr. Torii and several other disciples copied a script of each play separately. This paper is intended as introduction to Kyogen scripts, which have been long forgotten for some reason.

著者

朴 賛弼

出版者

関西大学東西学術研究所

雑誌

関西大学東西学術研究所紀要 (ISSN:02878151)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, pp.57-69, 2013-04-01

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Five palaces were in Seoul. It is Kyongbok Palace Changdok Palace, Changgyung Palace, Doksu Palace, Kyonhee Palace. A purpose of this study is that current Seoul clarifies what kind of plan space has been built under in the past. It is to make the positioning clear how a palace was planned in Seoul castle wall. I analyzed the north and south of the palace in the Seoul castle wall, East-West axis constitution as a study method. I compared the axial constitution in each palace and analyzed it. And I made each characteristic clear. Kyongbok Palace became clear in being the place that fulfilled each seeing from a geography mark of the Feng Shui. In addition, it was revealed that five palaces were constructed equally with the mountains of four directions. In Changdok Palace, Changgyung Palace, a scale becomes small to some extent from Kyongbok Palace. Kyongbok Palace becomes straight from the gate to politics, life space in the north and south. In Changdok Palace, Changgyung Palace, north and south key is not decided clearly.

著者

村木 桂子

出版者

関西大学東西学術研究所

雑誌

関西大学東西学術研究所紀要 (ISSN:02878151)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, pp.A295-A324, 2018-04-01

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This painting shows not only views of the Kitano Shrine in Kyoto after it was repaired by order of Hideyori Toyotomi but also the lively scene around the temporary theater erected near the shrine, where the play of Okuni-Kabuki is being performed. It used to form a pair of six-fold screens with another painting representing ome of the noted spots of the Higashi-yama (the Gion Shrine) in Kyoto. The purpose of this paper is to consider the art historical significance of "the itano Shrine and Okuni-Kabuki Screen" while focusing on the image of the staffage person. Through analysis, this painting shows numerous pious people visiting the Kitano Shrine and it seems that the painting as depicted is filled with a religious atmosphere rather than one of a pleasure trip.

著者

北川 勝彦

出版者

関西大学東西学術研究所

雑誌

関西大学東西学術研究所紀要 (ISSN:02878151)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, pp.51-64, 2008-04-01

---

This study is a part of wider research in which this author has been so far investigating into various aspects of liberation struggles in Southern Africa. In particular, discussions have been focused on the relations between guerrillas war and peasant society and legacies of liberation struggles in the post-independent Zimbabwe. It is also intended to research on decolonization of imaginations which had been constructed under the European colonial rule in Africa. Visual images invented under colonialism have played significant roles in disseminating political landscape of Southern Africa. This means that the study is not only about visuality but also cultural contacts and political encompassment engendered by European expansion in Africa. Specific attention is paid upon the Matopos Hills south of Bulawayo in colonial Zimbabwe. In the process of colonization, European settlers explored, exploited and conquered the new lands and converted landscapes of the Matopos to their own one. In other words, Europeans tried to make colonial landscapes fit with their concept of what they had learned in Europe. To begin with, the word pictures by Thomas Baines, the main producer of visual images of the nineteenth century Rhodesian landscape is analyzed. To the next, the meaning of Rhodes' interment in the Matopos is considered as one of the most significant rituals of colonization of landscape. After his funeral on April 10th 1902 nothing was spared in installing Rhodes as the "spirit" of the land. Finally African view of the Matopos is taken not merely as the site of struggle but the deeply rooted imaginations of their landscape in the late 1970s liberation struggles. For African people the cave is the nucleus of a living and active landscape and Mwali cult and shrines of the Matopos does all things to the landscape of the hills. There is no doubt that combination of stone and water is central to their imagination of the landscape of the Matopos. This had been shaped by an interaction with hunter gatherers, cultivators and cattle-keepers for thousands of years although it seemed to nineteenth century European travelers so wild.

著者

横山 俊一郎

出版者

関西大学東西学術研究所

雑誌

関西大学東西学術研究所紀要 = Bulletin of the Institute of Oriental and Occidental Studies, Kansai University (ISSN:02878151)

巻号頁・発行日

no.50, pp.323-340, 2017-04

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本稿は、科学研究費助成事業研究活動スタート支援「近代における漢学塾出身者の事業活動と実践倫理の研究―大阪の泊園書院を中心として」(課題番号15H06744、横山俊一郎研究代表)における成果の一部である。In this paper, I consider the approach and business of Nagata Nisuke, founder of the banking and railway industries in Osaka, in order to understand the personality of businessmen from Hakuen-Shoin. For this purpose I take up his biography, called "Banshu-Nagata-Okina-Den." As a result of this study, I find that he tried to reach the level of Tenjin-Mibun through self-cultivation. I believe that his goal was to build a fair economic society while taking up the challenges of fearlessly developing his own business. I also note that he promoted the spirit of Bushido to affluent merchants who were war profiteers.

著者

中田 美絵

出版者

関西大学東西学術研究所

雑誌

関西大学東西学術研究所紀要 (ISSN:02878151)

巻号頁・発行日

no.44, pp.153-189, 2011-04

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Central Asians from such areas as Sogdiana, Tokharistan and Kapisi started to move to the East due to the oppression by Islamic power which had gradually approached Eastern countries,and they finally came into the Tang China at the middle of the eighth century. Eunuchs who grasped political initiative in the Tang empire merged these immigrants from the Central Asia as well as non-Han people in Hebei,Hexi and Shuofang into the Imperial Guards which they controlled over in order to strengthen their military influence. In addition, there were non-Han people merged into the Buddhist circle in Chang'an, which had connected with eunuchs and the Imperial Guards. Under these circumstances, the eunuchs, the Imperial Guards and the Buddhism had been the receiver for non-Han people in Chang'an city,since the An Shi Rebellion. The translation of fan-ben 梵 本 Liu Boluomiduo Jing was operated by this group of people. In order to compete Tibet, Buddhist circle endeavored to outfit itself the newest Buddhist principle under the supports from eunuchs and the Imperial Guards. By so doing, it tried to offer the protection over the nation through magical power of the Buddhism in addition to that by the army through physical military force. Moreover, the group of eunuchs and the Imperial Guards had won many Nestorians over to their sides since the An Shi Rebellion. The translation of hu-ben 胡 本 Liu Boluomiduo Jing which had operated before that of fan-ben reflected such religious situations within the group of eunuchs and the Imperial Guards. With Luo Haoxin 羅 好 心 who was the representative of non-Han people in the Imperial Guards acted as the sponsor, they made Jinging 景浄 from Nestorianism and Banruo 般若 work together for the translation. By so doing,they attemped to unify Nestorians and Buddhists under the Buddhism.

著者

オニール パトリック 和田 葉子

出版者

関西大学東西学術研究所

雑誌

関西大学東西学術研究所紀要 (ISSN:02878151)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.26-31, 2012-04

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本発表では7世紀の古英語のアルファベットの起源について考察する。まず、見本になった、あるいは、影響を与えた可能性があると思われる様々な国や地域のアルファベット、つまり、ルーン文字、フランク語、ブリトン語(ウェールズ語)、アイルランド語のアルファベットを概観する。そして、アイルランド語とそのアルファベットが古英語のアルファベットとその文字の形成に果たした役割について論じる。

著者

蜷川 順子

出版者

関西大学東西学術研究所

雑誌

関西大学東西学術研究所紀要 (ISSN:02878151)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, pp.3-22, 2008-04-01

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A View of Delft preserved at the Mauritshuis in The Hague is well known as a rare cityscape by Johannes Vermeer (1632-1675), who otherwise depicted mostly interior everyday life. Kenneth Clark, the English art historian who published the Landscape into Art in 1949, described it as "like a postcard" to underline its property as the truth of the total view, commenting that no particular part would catch beholders' eyes. On the other hand, Marcel Proust, the French novelist who inserted a scene of Bergotte's death in front of the painting into A la Recherche du Temps Perdu (1913-27), emphasized the beauty of a particular part of yellow wall in the composition. It makes us notice that the very source of light exists out of the painting and then that the tower of the New Church of Delft is also illuminated by the light in the center of the city. As the tomb of Willem of Orange the Silence is located in the church, some scholars indicate that the connection between the city and the house of Orange is herewith intentionally underlined. Therefore, we may infer that there is a twofold aspect of the modern for the Europeans: the uniform or scientific view and the particularized or intentional view on the surroundings. The author is to compare the modern imagery with the medieval one in order to make the former clearer. Concerning the uniform or scientific view, the history of the cityscape of Jerusalem is most worth noticing. Jerusalem became the prototype of European or Christian cities since the publication of De Civitate Dei by Augustine in the 5th century. It gave an ideal imagery of city, which should be constructed from artificial matters by the efforts of devotional people. It contrasts to that of nature, including the nature in the human being, which had only negative meaning for the early medieval Christians. The images of medieval city were filled with buildings, or churches, within the city wall, while surrounding nature of the city had gotten to be depicted or appropriated little by little in diverse images towards the era of Renaissance. The landscape, the original meaning of which is considered to be the issue of property, was depicted as scenery of nature where people were laboring, enjoying, observing etc., viewed from the city or the owner’s house. The cityscape of Jerusalem was changed in the fifteenth century from the older type to the new one, which became surrounded by nature or filled with greens. When both the city and the nature of surroundings were viewed with the same appropriation, people obtained the germ of the linier perspective, the system of scientific view, namely the uniform view over the world. The linier perspective, on the other hand, proscribed the position of a viewer, which could in its turn related to the particularized or intentional view on the surroundings. In the sixteenth century, for example, when God was far less visualized in the way with similitude, the bird's-eye perspective found among the so-called world landscape seems to indicate the very place of the invisible God. It was also the age of discovery for the Europeans and both the geography and the topography were rapidly developed with map- and landscape-making relating each other. In the seventeenth century, lots of landscapes of non-European regions were made on the model of drawings made by VOC people etc., reflecting diverse intentions of image makers. These images aroused the concerns of beholders toward the depicted imagery of foreign places.

著者

新谷 英治

出版者

関西大学東西学術研究所

雑誌

関西大学東西学術研究所紀要 (ISSN:02878151)

巻号頁・発行日

no.49, pp.127-161, 2016-04

著者

森部 豊

出版者

関西大学東西学術研究所

雑誌

関西大学東西学術研究所紀要 (ISSN:02878151)

巻号頁・発行日

no.49, pp.105-126, 2016-04

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This paper sets out current trends (and problems) in research on the history of theXi and Qidan peoples in the Tang dynasty. It also introduces epitaphs of these peoplesthat were discovered during the late-twentieth and early-twenty-first century in Chaoyang (Liaoning Province), Beijing, Xi'an, and Luoyang, while clarifying current scholarly issues and the direction of future research. These epitaphs provide new information on the "loose-rein prefectures" (jimizhou), territories indirectly administered by the central imperial authority, and the Fubing military system in the Tang dynasty.

著者

齊藤 茂雄

出版者

関西大学東西学術研究所

雑誌

関西大学東西学術研究所紀要 (ISSN:02878151)

巻号頁・発行日

no.49, pp.121-138, 2016-04

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This research analyzes historical sources such as epitaphs and classical Chinese texts, to focus on political tendencies among both the nomadic tribes of the First Turkic Qaghanate and warlords in northern China in the late Sui to the early Tang dynasty. The analysis reveals that the Zhishi 執失, a powerful Turkic tribe, was split by allegiances to both the Qaghanate and the Tang, so that while Zhishi Sili 執失思力 played a key role as a chief vassal of Xieli Qaghan 頡利可汗, Sili's father, Zhishi Wu 執失武, formed a cavalry corps under Li Shimin 李世民. On the other hand, of the warlords that maintained spheres of influence in northern China, those with only relatively limited power, such as Zhang Changsun 張長遜, Guo Zihe 郭子和, and Wan Junzhang 苑君璋, swore their allegiance to both the Türks and the Tang at the same time. Both the Türks and the Tang felt it to be dangerous that these warlords pledged their allegiance to the other side, and sometimes carried out attacks or executions when they ascertained that this was the case. Conversely, there were also cases in which they encouraged the warlords to betray the other side. It is thought that both the Türk nomadic tribes and those warlords with minor spheres of influence sought to survive by shifting between both sides.

著者

新見 まどか

出版者

関西大学東西学術研究所

雑誌

関西大学東西学術研究所紀要 (ISSN:02878151)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, pp.101-119, 2016-04-01

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This paper investigates the use of the title "Great King" (大王) by the military governor of Lu-long (盧龍) at the end of the ninth century, using a stone inscription called the "Zhongcan sheliji (重蔵舎利記)" at Mingzhong (憫忠) temple in You-zhou (幽州) as a reference. In this inscription, Li-Keju (李可挙), military governor of Lu-long, is called "Great King," but this is not an isolated occurrence; I have been able to confirm its use in other historical sources from the 880s and 890s, such as Guiyuan bigeng ji (『桂苑筆耕集』)and Ermu ji (『耳目記』). Around this time, changes in the Tang system of investiture permitted individuals of commoner origin, such as military governors, to use the title of "king" (王), a privilege formerly reserved for members of the imperial family. "Great King" is presumed to be an honorific form of this title. Moreover, the forms of spacing and line breaks employed in the inscription suggest that the monks of Minzhong temple were according a military governor with the title of king even greater respect than the emperor. In the late-ninth century, the power and prestige of the imperial court had been dealt a major blow by the rebellion of Huang-Chao (黄巣), and the military governor of Lu-long had embraced the ambition of overthrowing the Tang court and seizing the empire for himself. Such power relations, political and military, between the Tang court and the military governor would appear to have influenced the style and format of the "Zhongcan sheliji" inscription.

著者

伊藤 徹

出版者

関西大学東西学術研究所

雑誌

関西大学東西学術研究所紀要 (ISSN:02878151)

巻号頁・発行日

no.44, pp.35-53, 2011-04

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本稿は、2010年5月7日ロンドン大学東洋アフリカ学院(School of Oriental and African Studies) での講演のために準備されたテクストに若干筆を加え、論文として仕上げたものである。テクストは、当初日本語で書かれたものを、著者のコントロールのもとで、薄井尚樹博士(シェフィールド大学)が翻訳するというかたちで成立した。本論が問題にしたのは、明治維新以来の日本の近代化を支えた基本的な虚構的言説の交替である。高橋由一の造形活動を支えた国家の神話は、森鴎外にも触れつつ論じたように、明治後半以降旧来の家共同体との連結を失うことによって、空洞化していったが、その後『白樺』 派やその周辺の芸術家・知識人などによって語られた大正期の個人の理念も、同時期の西洋文化の模倣という性格を脱しきれず、昭和期にはまた別な国家という虚構に吸収されていった。新たな神話の形成に参与した日本画家・川畑龍子の作品に見られる国家の過剰な美化は、かえって根を失った人間存在を際立たせている。そうした喪失感は、同時期の保田與重郎の民族的伝統の称揚の背後にも見られるのだが、この批評家と同世代に属する戦後美術の旗手・岡本太郎においても、その「主体性」は、independency と訳されているが、それは人間存在の基盤喪失を際立たせようと意図してのものである。論究は、この喪失によって開かれてくる場所、いってみればindependencyのinが、有用性の徹底化としての近代化の必然的帰結であり、私たち自身に課せられた歴史的問いでもあることを示して、結びとした。

著者

呂 超

出版者

関西大学東西学術研究所

雑誌

関西大学東西学術研究所紀要 (ISSN:02878151)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, pp.353-376, 2016-04-01

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As is well known, Miyazaki Ichisada (1901‒1995) is one of the preeminent Japanese postwar scholars in the field of Chinese history, but his research interests did not stop there; he left a scholarly legacy that includes wide-ranging research on East-West relations and the history of Asia. Moreover, Miyazaki grasped history with the long view of a generalist, and argued that Chinese history should be studied from a world-historical perspective rather than being confined to the framework of a single nation. On the other hand, Miyazaki is well known for having been the first in Japanese academic circles to emphasize the existence of the historical phenomenon of the city-state in ancient China. This paper investigates a number of papers by Miyazaki which treat of his theory of city-states, and after examining the view of ancient Chinese history which he constructed, clarifies the relationship between his concept of world history and his theoretical approach to China’s ancient city-states. It also traces the formative process of Miyazaki’s conception of world history, analyzing its structure in the context of the social ideologies of the time, and elucidating the nature and characteristics of his philosophy of world history.

著者

呂 超

出版者

関西大学東西学術研究所

雑誌

関西大学東西学術研究所紀要 (ISSN:02878151)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, pp.353-376, 2016-04-01

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As is well known, Miyazaki Ichisada (1901‒1995) is one of the preeminent Japanese postwar scholars in the field of Chinese history, but his research interests did not stop there; he left a scholarly legacy that includes wide-ranging research on East-West relations and the history of Asia. Moreover, Miyazaki grasped history with the long view of a generalist, and argued that Chinese history should be studied from a world-historical perspective rather than being confined to the framework of a single nation. On the other hand, Miyazaki is well known for having been the first in Japanese academic circles to emphasize the existence of the historical phenomenon of the city-state in ancient China. This paper investigates a number of papers by Miyazaki which treat of his theory of city-states, and after examining the view of ancient Chinese history which he constructed,clarifies the relationship between his concept of world history and his theoretical approach to China's ancient city-states. It also traces the formative process of Miyazaki's conception of world history, analyzing its structure in the context of the social ideologies of the time, and elucidating the nature and characteristics of his philosophy of world history.