著者

本井 康博

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1988, no.20, pp.123-135, 1987 (Released:2009-09-16)

参考文献数

24

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Though Yasujiro Shimizu paid indispensable roles in the history of English studies in modern Japan, he still remains unknown to us.This report intends to introduce him as clearly as possible, casting a light on his young days, especially when he was employed as a teacher at Doshisha and Naniwa-Joggako (now Osaka-Jogakuin).Firstly, he was an early member of Osaka Church, having an intimate acquaintance with Rev. Paul Sawayama.Secondly, he was an earnest teacher of English at so many Christian schools including Meiji-Gakuin, Shoan-Joggako (now Heian-Jogakuin), Doshisha and Naniwa-Joggako.And lastly, he was famous for his abundant scholarship in English literature, being the president of Japan Academy of English Literature in 1880s.

著者

遠藤 智比古

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1990, no.22, pp.119-136, 1989

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When I found that the equivalent to hippopotamus was Kawamuma (河馬) in <I>AN ENGLISH-JAPANESE DICTIONARY</I> ('薩摩辞書') in 1869, I wanted to know when and how Kawamuma changed into Kaba (河馬).<BR>In Dutch-Japanese dictionaries compiled in the Edo era, I couldn't find the entry word of 'nijlpaard' which is the Dutch equivalent to hippopotamus.<BR>A Chinese word河馬first appeared in <I>A POCKET DICTIONARY OF THE ENGLISH AND JAPANESE LANGUAGE</I> ('英和対訳袖珍辞書') in 1862. How was the translation of河馬made?<BR>After presenting a report at the regular monthly meeting in May, 1988, the writer found'地球説略'which was put guiding marks beside Chinese characters by Gempo Mitsukuri (箕作阮甫).In this book, hippopotamus appeared as海馬.And by comparing'海國圖志'which was put guiding marks by Gempo Mitsukuri, '海國圖志'in the original in 60 vols. and the enlarged edition of which in 100 vols., the writer deduces that Gempo Mitsukuri played an important role in the introduction of the Chinese word河馬.<BR>According to the writer's research, '改正増補英語箋'in 1872 was the oldest book in which hippopotamus appeared as河馬with small <I>kana</I> printed alongside the Chinese characters.

著者

田中 睦夫

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1974, no.6, pp.27-34, 1973-09-30 (Released:2009-09-16)

著者

石原 千里

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1995, no.27, pp.179-192, 1994 (Released:2009-10-07)

参考文献数

30

---

Fukuzawa's visit to Yokohama, one of the ports newly opened on July 1, 1859, has been regarded as one of the most important events in his life. His experiences at the open port made him decide to begin learning English, giving up Dutch which he had learned desperately for many years. His great achievements in westernization of Japan in his later years implicit in this event.The present article presents evidence enough to prove that this impressive episode, however, is a fiction. In reality he had started his English study certainly before the opening of Yokohama.The other episodes on his efforts of studying English, the persons from whom he learned English, his three visits abroad and a number of English books he brought back on each occasion contain several points seriously out of accord with the actual facts.It seems to be most unfortunate that Fukuzawa paid no respects to numerous pioneers of English studies in Japan many years before him, as a result of giving himself the position as such in his autobiography.Conscious and unconscious fictionalization is a destiny of an autobiography, and this masterpiece by Fukuzawa the great cannot be an exception.

著者

松村 幹男

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1978, no.10, pp.51-59, 1977

著者

橋本 かほる

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2001, no.33, pp.155-168, 2000

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The Nobility of Failure : Tragic Heroes in the History of Japan by Ivan Morris. This book traces a single theme throughout 16 centuries of Japanese civilization and the lives of nine of its heroes.<BR>Morris writes the motivation for writing this thesis was as follows.<BR>Mishima Yukio once suggested to me that my admiration for the beauty of Japanese Court culture and the tranquil world of Genji might have obscured the harsher, more tragic side of Japan. By concentrating my studies on men of action, whose brief lives were marked by struggle and turmoil, I have perhaps redressed the balance. He dedicated this book to Mishima.<BR>The nine tragic heroes dealt with by Morris are Prince Yamato Takeru, Yorozu, Prince Arima, Sugawara Michizane, Minamoto no Yoshitsune, Kusunoki Masashige, Amakusa Shiro, Ooshio Heihachiro, Saigo Takamori. What is the definition of &ldquo;hero&rdquo; ? The concept of quality of &ldquo;makoto&rdquo; which Japanese heroes have. Hoganbiiki (which literally meant &ldquo;sympathy with the Lieutenant&rdquo;). As well I will discuss western viewpoints on &ldquo;hero&rdquo;.<BR>I have doubts about Ooshio Heihachiro. Could he really have been a Japanese hero? If not, then why did Morris put Ooshio Heihachiro into this book? Here in this thesis, I want to consider the relation between Morris and Mishima from that point.

著者

鈴木 恵子

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1986, no.18, pp.101-113, 1986

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Okurashoten was established on September 15th in the 8th year of Meiji era. It developed from Kin'eidb Publishing Company (Ezoshi-ton'ya Kin'eido) which was a branch of Yorozuya Publishing Company. Kin'eido was acknowledged as the Publishing Company of Nishikie in the last days of Edo era.<BR>Okurashoten published various dictionaries; English, German, French, Russian dictionaries, Japanese dictionary &lsquo;Gensen&rsquo;, biographical dictionaries, Buddhist dictionary, etc. Even today its publications are reprinted by many publishing companies, with many influences on our time's thought and ideas.<BR>The aim of this treatise is. with the above historical sketch of Okurashoten in mind, to demonstrate the following three themes:<BR>(1) what kinds of books Okurashoten published according to its own thought for introducing Anglo-American political and economical ideas to Japan, and for realizing peaceful Japan in the 20's of Meiji era.<BR>(2) what parts Okurashoten played for safeguarding Japan's independence and interests against European and American nations.<BR>(3) what parts Okurashoten played in modernization of Japan's publishingbusinesses, and in publishing modern school textbooks.

著者

佐光 昭二

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1991, no.23, pp.115-131, 1990

被引用文献数

1

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The earlier part of the personal history of Yoshitami Naruto (1835-1913) has not been clearly known. And in spite of the fact that he made great contributionsto English educational progress in Japan at the beginning of the Meiji era, his achievements are not very well known.<BR>Yoshitami Naruto was born in Awa. Today in Tokushima he has become a legendary person in the story, such as <I>Awa Konjahu Monogatari</I> (阿波今昔物語・1942), <I>Kiko to Itsuwa no Izumi</I> (奇行と逸話の泉・1964), and so on.<BR>This article tries to shed a historic light on the man Yoshitami Naruto and to present the role he played in the modernization of Japan.

著者

石原 千里

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1989, no.21, pp.37-60, 1989

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Tsunenosuke Namura was one of the 14 lucky students of Ranald Mac-Donald, the first American who taught English to the Japanese official Dutch interpreters for about seven months while he was imprisoned at Nagasaki in 1848. Gohatiro Namura was the chief interpreter of the first Japanese embassy to the United States in 1860. He was also one of the interpreters when the treaty of peace and amity was signed between the United States and Japan in 1854 through the efforts of Commodore M. C. Perry. At that time Gohatiro already had a certain knowledge of English, and because of this, Tsunenosuke was sometimes mistaken for Gohatiro or his father Sadagoro.<br>This paper presents the results of the author's research of the Namura genealogy. Tsunenosuke and Gohatiro were two different persons, but were descendants of the same ancestor, Hachizaemon Namura, who started to work as Dutch interpreter in 1640.<br>The numerous achievements of the members of the Namura family not only in the international relations but also in the teaching and learning of Dutch and English languages during the period of more than 200 years are described.

著者

鈴木 恵子

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1986, no.18, pp.101-113, 1985-11-01 (Released:2010-02-22)

参考文献数

26

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Okurashoten was established on September 15th in the 8th year of Meiji era. It developed from Kin'eidb Publishing Company (Ezoshi-ton'ya Kin'eido) which was a branch of Yorozuya Publishing Company. Kin'eido was acknowledged as the Publishing Company of Nishikie in the last days of Edo era.Okurashoten published various dictionaries; English, German, French, Russian dictionaries, Japanese dictionary ‘Gensen’, biographical dictionaries, Buddhist dictionary, etc. Even today its publications are reprinted by many publishing companies, with many influences on our time's thought and ideas.The aim of this treatise is. with the above historical sketch of Okurashoten in mind, to demonstrate the following three themes:(1) what kinds of books Okurashoten published according to its own thought for introducing Anglo-American political and economical ideas to Japan, and for realizing peaceful Japan in the 20's of Meiji era.(2) what parts Okurashoten played for safeguarding Japan's independence and interests against European and American nations.(3) what parts Okurashoten played in modernization of Japan's publishingbusinesses, and in publishing modern school textbooks.

著者

藤野 紀男

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1987, no.19, pp.183-191, 1987

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It has been a widely accepted notion that Mother Goose nursery rhymes were translated into Japanese for the first time by Yumeji Takehisa toward the end of the Meiji era.<BR>I have, however, been maintaining my opinion that the first translations of those nursery rhymes must have been done much earlier, probably as early as sometime during the middle years of the Meiji period.<BR>Very fortunately I have only recently been able to locate a song book published for kindergarten pupils in the 25th year of Meiji (1892) which contains translations, though in abridged forms, of two nursery rhymes, &ldquo;the Star&rdquo; (&lsquo;Twinkle, twinkle... &rsquo;) and &ldquo;Kindness&rdquo; (&lsquo;I love little pussy... &rsquo;), thus proving my opinion to be correct.

著者

藤野 紀男

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1987, no.19, pp.183-191, 1986-11-01 (Released:2010-02-22)

参考文献数

7

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It has been a widely accepted notion that Mother Goose nursery rhymes were translated into Japanese for the first time by Yumeji Takehisa toward the end of the Meiji era.I have, however, been maintaining my opinion that the first translations of those nursery rhymes must have been done much earlier, probably as early as sometime during the middle years of the Meiji period.Very fortunately I have only recently been able to locate a song book published for kindergarten pupils in the 25th year of Meiji (1892) which contains translations, though in abridged forms, of two nursery rhymes, “the Star” (‘Twinkle, twinkle... ’) and “Kindness” (‘I love little pussy... ’), thus proving my opinion to be correct.

著者

日本英学史学会編

出版者

日本英学史学会

巻号頁・発行日

1969

著者

藤野 紀男

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1985, no.17, pp.57-66, 1985

著者

松村 幹男

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1979, no.11, pp.65-75, 1978-07-01 (Released:2009-09-16)

参考文献数

19

著者

皆川 三郎

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1988, no.20, pp.1-20, 1987 (Released:2009-09-16)

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Piracy is the act of taking a ship on the high seas from the possession or control of those who are lawfully entitled to it. Therefore there was a traditional belief for centuries in England that the taking of a ship belonging to a power at war with England or taking one belonging to a non-treaty power was considered 'an honourable means of livelihood'. It was only when an English ship was attacked by a fellow countryman that this act was called piracy. One of the outstanding pirates who were captured and executed was Captain William Kidd (c. 1645-1701) who harassed the ships of the London East India Company on the seas along the southern coast of India. Consequently, because of his execution, the owners of English ships bound for India became more aware of the piratical dangers. Captain Kidd, however, cried out even on the scaffold that he was not guilty because he carried a letter of marque, a certificate of protection issued by the government when he left the land of America for the Island of Madagascar. I am not in a position now to discuss in detail whether or not he deserved execution, but I believe that Captain Kidd was made a pawn in a deadly political game.I have herein introduced three typical stories of pirates. The first is Sir Walter Scott's The Pirate published in 1822. The second is Captain Marryat's The Pirate published in 1836. The third one is taken from Pyle's Book of Pirates published in 1903. Pyle's book is a collection of the stories of pirates who sought their hideouts or dens on the small islands in the Caribbean Sea or on the eastern coast of America before the American Independence, or even after until telegraphic systems and steam-engines proved effective in pursuing those sea rovers.

著者

松本 麟一

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1979, no.11, pp.181-188, 1978-07-01 (Released:2009-09-16)

著者

河元 由美子

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2007, no.39, pp.81-95, 2006 (Released:2009-09-16)

参考文献数

10

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“No Japanese can leave and return from abroad” was the law enforced during the time of the national isolation. This strict law had many tragic results for Japanese seamen who unavoidably drifted out to sea because of heavy storms.If luckily picked up by foreign ships passing, they were brought back to Japan by these kind foreigners, however, they were treated as violators of the law. They were forced not to move out, not to get aboard the ship again, or not to tell anything about their experiences abroad.This paper discusses the issue of whether or not these shipwrecked seamen ever told about what they saw or experienced in foreign countries. There are 3 private account telling about foreign life besides official records, kept secretly by local families.Yuunosuke, a shipwrecked Japanese seaman who stayed in San Francisco for a year under the care of Americans, and brought back to Shimoda, a newly opened port, in 1854, right after the Perry's Black Ship left Japan.Despite the prohibition he could not help but tell others about the other world he saw, and people were eager to hear his story. This fact may imply that the Government control prevented people's interest from growing. The government official in Shimoda tried to utilize his English communication ability by employing him as an official interpreter.The writer also discusses about his prompt learning of English during a short stay.

著者

北垣 宗治

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1999, no.31, pp.111-132, 1998 (Released:2009-09-16)

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In the summer of 1988 I happened to discover the existence of an address-book entitled “Japanese in Boston : 1871-1876” -kept in the rare book section of the Boston Public Library. Apparently the notebook was kept by Charles Knapp Dillaway, one time Principal of Boston Latin School. Seventy-eight Japanese names are listed, of which four are duplicates due to confusion of family and given names. Of the 74 names, 65 have been so far identified. Actually we find such “big” names as : Dan Takuma, Izawa Shuji, Kaneko Kentaro, Komura Jutaro, Megata Tanetaro, Okabe Nagamoto, Tomita Tetsunosuke, and Yamakawa Kenjiro. Others are less wellknown, but still identifiable. Usually the name is accompanied by his address, together with other information such as his dates of arrival and departure, present whereabouts, and names of his friends. Thus the notebook, herewith textualized for the first time by courtesy of the Trustees or the Boston Public Library, may offer useful information for historians who are interested in the early Japanese who went to Boston and other American cities for study or inspection-in search of new knowledge and technology for new Japan.

著者

梅渓 昇

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1972, no.4, pp.64-70, 1972-04-20 (Released:2009-09-16)