著者
堀 郁
出版者
関西学院大学
雑誌
総合政策研究 (ISSN:1341996X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.28, pp.99-107, 2008-03

Japanese view on nature is closely related to the forests in Japan. Without a doubt Japanese mentality and religions (above all, Shinto and Buddhism) are influenced by the forest. Many thinkers, for example Takeshi UMEHARA and Yoshinori YASUDA, have already pointed out this relationship. It is essential for todays environmental ethics to overcome the Cartesian view. Therefore a new idea of nature is in need, which is meant to show a way, how humans and nature can coexist. Looking at Japanese view on nature, is it possible to find an answer to the question of how this coexistence can be accomplished in harmony? Hayao MIYAZAKI's masterpiece "Princess Mononoke" questions the optimistic opinion about the coexistence supposed to be offered by the Japanese attitude. The movie deals with a tragic conflict between human beings and nature, in which neither hero nor villain appears and where no line can be drawn between god and evil. By that Miyazaki suggests the destiny of every living being: One lives at the cost of the other. Such violence is as inherent in nature as in human beings. Unfortunately in Japan this subject has not often been pointed out yet. By a philosophical interpretation of the movie this article examines the problems of the Japanese view on nature.
著者
関根 孝道
出版者
関西学院大学
雑誌
総合政策研究 (ISSN:1341996X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.20, pp.165-197, 2005-09-20

On March 2, 2005, the United States District Court Nothern District of California gave an epochmaking decision. The decision held: in light of the many similarities between the lists generated by the Japanese Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties and the U.S. National Historic Preservation Act ("NHPA"), the Japanese Law is an "equivalent of the National Register" under the NHPA within the meaning of section 470a-2 thereof; since the Okinawa dugong is protected under Japanese Law on the basis of its cultural significance to the Okinawan people, section 470a-2 of the NHPA can apply to the Okinawa dugong, an animal protected for cultural, historical reasons under a foreign country's equivalent statutory scheme for cultural preservation; while section 470a-2 applies to "any federal undertaking outside the United States", it can as a matter of law apply to the undertakings alleged by plaintiffs in that case because plaintiffs have alleged and provided evidence to show that the contested actions and decisions were undertaken by the U.S. Department of Defense and thus constitute a federal undertaking which may directly and adversely affect a property, the Okinawa dugong; since the case at issue deals with a statute, unlike the NEPA, explicitly demonstrates Congress's intent that it apply abroad where a federal undertaking promises to have direct or adverse effects on protected foreign properties, the cort must construe section 470a-2 in accordance with the statutory text-to preclude enforcement as a blanket rule based on the act of state doctrine would empty section 470 of any meaning; since the record before the court does not currently describe an "official act of a foreign sovereign perfomed within its own territory," but rather a process intertwined with U.S. Department of Defense decision-making, the court evaluates the actions of a federal agency for the act of state doctrine not being implicated. This decison is extremely significant mainly for the Okinawa dugong protection and U.S. military facilities issues here in the future.
著者
ヘファナン ケビン Kevin Heffernan
雑誌
総合政策研究 (ISSN:1341996X)
巻号頁・発行日
no.44, pp.15-26, 2013-10-30
著者
亀田 啓悟
出版者
関西学院大学
雑誌
総合政策研究 (ISSN:1341996X)
巻号頁・発行日
no.28, pp.109-120, 2008-03

The purpose of this paper is to review preceding literatures on the relationship between budget deficits, government debt, and interest rates. The knowledge from this survey is as follows: (1) After the seminal paper of Plosser (1982), we have many literatures on this topic. (2) All of the recent studies care for the expectation about future budgetary situation by using either event studies or published forecasts as a proxy of the market expectations. (3) Almost all of recent studies are on US economy, and we have only two literatures on Japanese economy; Nakazato et al. (2003) and Fukuda and Ji (2002). (4) Unfortunately, these two studies do not seem to utilize the knowledge since Plosser (1982).
著者
齋藤 順子
出版者
関西学院大学
雑誌
総合政策研究 (ISSN:1341996X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.19, pp.105-123, 2005-05-20

The purpose of this study was two-fold. The first was to examine job awareness among care managers and how they evaluate .themselves according to the theoretical knowledge and practical skills demanded of them. Secondly we looked at care managers from different backgrounds in terms of qualifications, such as nursing or care workers to see if there was a difference in job awareness and their focus regarding theoretical knowledge and practical skills. This research was based on answers to questionnaires sent 404 care managers who had been trained in Tohoku region. The content and analysis of the questionnaires was the same as that used by Watanabe (2002). As a result of the survey three points became clear. The first was that care managers were aware of need for a high level of technical skill but that the level of understanding on the part of the client was low. Secondly, there were very clear areas of expertise in which care managers were either very confident or, on the other hand, not confident at all. Thirdly, nurses evaluated themselves more highly according to theoretical knowledge and practical skills than care workers did. However, in the areas of interview, client strengths and client serf-determination there were no differences.