著者

大澤 聡

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

no.78, pp.109-127, 2011-01-31

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This article analyzes the genre of jinbutsu hyoron [articles written about notable figures], specifically during the surge of its popularity in Japanese journalism during the early 1930s. By this time, the democratization of the publication industry that began in the late 20s had reached its peak and the journalism had fully matured. These developments, however, spurred editors toward an unprecedented reliance upon the celebrity of those who wrote for their publications, a policy that was also in line with efforts to make commentary more appealing and accessible to the general reader who lacked basic knowledge. As a result, it could be said that the reader in turn consumed not the content of the text but the very name of the author who wrote the text. At the center of this article is an analysis of this form of consumption, which I refer to as "name consumption." Jinbutsu hyoron became popular as a genre that manifested this motive for publication. This analysis gathers samples of jinbutsu hyoron that have hitherto been ignored, as well as samples of related discourse, from literary magazines, mass magazines, and newspapers of the time and, while comparing them against each other, demonstrates the reality and the perceptions surrounding the representations of notable figures. First, I delineate the basic format and stances of works of jinbutsu hyoron. Next, taking into account the linguistic context of the reader, I analyze the conditions of reception of these works by relating them to the publication environment at the time. Lastly, by also taking a look at cartoon articles, which were equally popular during this period, I attempt to establish a more multi-faceted understanding of "name consumption." Overall, this article seeks to shed light on the way celebrity was a driving force in the structure of journalistic discourse in the 1930s.

著者

馬 挺

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

no.43, pp.117-131, 210-209, 1993-12-28

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Ticou Shijan, a Chinese newspaper puplished in the latter half of the 18th century, is preserved in Japan's National Diet Library, the University of Tokyo, and in the hands of a Chinese collector. Ticou Shijan is seen as a daily newspaper, published by Gongshen Tang in Beijing during the Qing Dynasty. Di Bao and Jing Bao are commonly known as China's ancient newspapers. Many editions of Jing Bao are conserved, but the oldest one comes 100 years after Ticou Shijan was published. The name Di Bao is mentioned in historic documents, But hardly any of its editions are to be found. Di Bao was published in a housing for government officials in charge of correspondence. The paper served as source of information for"Di", a municipal director, and the Emperor in Beijing. Reports and orders were printed in the paper. Some historians see Ticou Shijan as Di Bao. However, Gongshen Tang, the publisher, is seen as a private printing company. Since Di Bao is published from an official source, it may be appropriate to separate it from Ticou Shijan, and acknowledge Ticou Shijan as the oldest surviving newspaper. Ticou Shijan was published for 30 years between June, 1771 to 1801, and edition for 86 days have been found so far. Information in this newspaper deals with reports submitted to the Emperor by the ministers, and instructions and orders by the Emperor, as well as appointment, promotion, and demotion of government officials. The newspaper is six pages long and contains about 1500 characters. Some form of editing had been used, as the newspaper had extra pages at times, and also had serials. The quality of the paper, characters, and printing are poor, reflecting the quality of materials available during that time. This proves that the newspaper was not printed for preservation, but solely for giving out information. Ticou Shijan apparently targeted readers in all classes, as the level of some of the government officials written about in the paper was not so high. At times, the paper had a circulation of over one hundred which also shows that the paper was read by many people. Another character of the newspaper was the speed of publication. Official information was published in this paper ten days after the government's announcement, or up to half a month at the latest. This is verified through Qing Shi Lu, a government document compiled during the Qing Dynasty. It is needless to say that the speed is slow compared to today, but may have been fast considering the political and social situation during that time.

著者

千田 利史

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

no.77, pp.292-293, 2010-07-31

著者

井上 泰浩

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

no.59, pp.124-137, 2001-07-31

著者

大石 裕

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, 2010

著者

茨木 正治

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

no.77, pp.279-280, 2010-07-31

著者

畠山 兆子

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

no.54, pp.82-95, 250, 1999-01-31

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What kind of televised animation has most attracted Japanese children of today? "Pocket Monster, " which was originally made for a data-trading game for Nintendo's Gameboy, has been overwhelmingly popular. Consideration will be given to the detailed analysis of the animation's structure in comparison with its orginal game and comic scripts, which are found in children's monthly magazines such as "Korokoro Comics" and Shogakukan's "Primary Grader: 4th to 6th." In particular, major features of both the openings and the endings, as well as their broadcasting time schedules will be thoroughly examined to illustrate why "Pocket Monster" has become so popular.

著者

谷本 奈穂 中村 秀之 小川 博司

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

no.60, pp.181-182, 2002-01-31

著者

田島 泰彦 堀 宏 篠原 俊行

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

no.50, pp.212-214, 1997-01-31

著者

溝尻 真也

出版者

日本メディア学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, pp.87-105, 2007-07-30 (Released:2017-10-06)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

1

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Japanese FM radio is now considered as a music media which is distinct from other broadcast media such as AM radio. However, FM radio was originally planned as an educational media. Many political and cultural factors influenced the process of the formation of FM radio as a music media. During this process, sound, not music, was an essential factor. This article discusses the functions given to FM radio with a historical description on how the main role of FM radio changed from educational broadcasting, during the end of the 1950s when its experimental broadcasting started, to music broadcasting in the early 1970s when its formal broadcasting began.

著者

岡井 崇之

出版者

日本メディア学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, pp.25-40, 2004-01-31 (Released:2017-10-06)

参考文献数

46

著者

山口 いつ子

出版者

日本メディア学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, pp.146-159,208-20, 1993-12-28 (Released:2017-10-06)

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The"Marketplace of Ideas"theory, articulated and explicated by Justice Holmes and Justice Brandeis of the Supreme Court in the early 20th century, has played a crucial role in the development of the free speech theory in America. The essential scheme of this theory, called the"Holmes/Brandeis tradition", serves as a basic framework for free speech thought even at the present time. However, this theory has some problematic tendencies: an underestimation of speech harm(harm done by speach) and belief in a rigid division of speech and conduct. Indeed, these tendencies are the products of the factual situation unique to that time, but they came to be called into question, as the scope of the protection under the First Amendment was expanded to include"peripheral"speech, which in the Holmes/Brandeis view used to be outside this protection. Against these tendencies, a new trend of criticism arose in the last decade. The critics in the 1980's advocated the need to trim the margin of free speech protection, claiming that speech does harm to the weak such as women and racial minorities, and the free speech system works to perpetuate the current disparity of power in the private sphere. To ameliorate the status quo, they call for speech regulation as a corrective measure. Inspired by this criticism, there came a series of movements to"reconstruct"the"Marketplace of Ideas"theory around 1990. The basic feature of them, exemplified in the works of Bollinger, Sunstein and Strauss, lies in the search for possibility that there might be some middle course, superior to either the"Holmes/Brandeis"approach or the approach of the critics of the 1980's. They squarely care about the speech harm and reconceptualize free speech by attenuating the sharp line drawn between speech and conduct. This enterprise is still in the embryonic stage and one needs to follow the further development for an evaluation. But at least for now, the"reconstruction"can be seen as a worthy one, carving out a new way in free speech thinking.

著者

吉見 俊哉

出版者

日本メディア学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, pp.80-99, 1993-03-31 (Released:2017-10-06)

著者

成原 慧

出版者

日本メディア学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, pp.249-267, 2012-01-31 (Released:2017-10-06)

参考文献数

21

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This paper discusses "speech regulation by proxy," in which governments enlist private actors as proxy censors, and the transformation of such regulation. In this paper, the author examines problems with regard to contemporary speech regulation by proxy and the control method of the new regulatory system, by comparing speech regulation by proxy in the 1950-60s and contemporary speech regulation by proxy on the Internet in the United States. Firstly, the author considers Seth Kreimer's article Censorship by Proxy and clarifies the implications in and limits of his discussion. Then, the author presents the differences in the circumstances, structures, and effect on free speech between speech regulation by proxy in the 1950-60s and contemporary speech regulation by proxy on the Internet, and considers new problems related thereto and doctrines that can meet these problems. This paper shows contemporary speech regulation by proxy on the Internet functions as prior restraint on speech, overly restricting the flow of information without transparency in certain circumstances.

著者

野上 元

出版者

日本メディア学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, pp.192-193, 2015-01-31 (Released:2017-10-06)

著者

ゲーバー アイバー

出版者

日本メディア学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, pp.37-50, 2002-07-31 (Released:2017-10-06)

著者

喜多 満里花

出版者

日本メディア学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.97, pp.181-199, 2020-07-31 (Released:2020-09-26)

参考文献数

29

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Popular cultural content is transnational, as it is produced across nationalborders. However, it is used as a tool to represent national image and identityfor branding, which is contradictory. Therefore, two issues will become thesubject of discussion: signifying the processes of policy makers and theeffects of these discourses on people’s national identity. This study examinesthese issues through document analysis of Korean government publicationsconcerning Korean popular music( K-Pop). The study shows that K-Pop signifies two different things in thesedocuments.Documents written in English say that it is “hybrid and transnationalmusic” for external branding, whereas those in Korean claim that it has“original content, inheriting Korea-ness from traditional culture” for internalbranding.In addition, the government’s view of national identity and culturalnationalism shown in internal branding is not considered by the Koreanpeople in their reactions to discourse about the Korean wave or change ofgovernance. This rejection of this reconstructed national identity differs fromthe circumstances shown in previous studies.

著者

山口 誠

出版者

日本メディア学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, pp.51-66, 2005-07-31 (Released:2017-10-06)

参考文献数

14

著者

水島 宏明

出版者

日本メディア学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.93, pp.161-162, 2018-07-31 (Released:2018-10-13)

著者

巫 坤達

出版者

日本メディア学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, pp.197-215, 2010-01-31 (Released:2017-10-06)

参考文献数

22

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The purpose of this study is to consider about journalism from AntonioGramsci’s Prison Notebooks. There were some issues that Gramsci’s writingswere applied in sociology of the mass media, however, a part of which were arguedwithin fragmentary viewpoints. Therefore, I have not only examined howjournalism was directly depicted, but discussed it with the other main themesin Prison Notebooks ― “intellectuals”, “party”, “Americanism and Fordism”and “philosophy of praxis”. In conclusion, I give three criticisms ― parties aspress; everyone be a journalist; war of information ― on the further studies.