著者

柏元 功太郎

出版者

公益社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究(オンライン論文集) (ISSN:1883261X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, pp.8-20, 2022-06-18 (Released:2022-07-27)

参考文献数

86

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‘Utamakura’ are well-known sights in ancient Japanese literature, and are typical of Japanese traditional landscapes. In early modern times, people rarely knew their exact location. Tatsuta is a famous ‘Utamakura’ in Nara prefecture where many people link it with the image of beautiful ‘Momiji,’ maples with red leaves. This paper aims to consider how the landscape of ‘Tatsuta’ was comprehended through analyzing the descriptions of the travelogues in early modern times. Travelers evaluated the landscapes based on the image of the literature, but they often indicated that real landscapes were different from the images in the literatures. In early modern times, there were still traditions and natural features concerned with literature in Tatsuta, which were thought to be made by villagers based on the literatures, and they affected how travelers comprehended landscapes. For example, it was not until villagers planted maples, that travelers began to enjoy real maples on the Tatsuta River. Travelers comprehended the landscape of Tatsuta through overlapping the knowledge of ancient literatures, which have been transmitted in different ways in early modern times, with the real world. This paper is significant in that it leads a better understanding of the traditional Japanese view of landscape and the process of its formation.

著者

川口 将武 平林 聡 平瀬 耕 加我 宏之 赤澤 宏樹

出版者

公益社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究(オンライン論文集) (ISSN:1883261X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, pp.1-12, 2021-01-21 (Released:2021-03-24)

参考文献数

99

被引用文献数

2 1

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Street trees in Japan are beginning to be renewed in the face of various problems caused by the enlarged diameter of trees as well as aged trees. In order to promote the renewal without attenuating the value of the current street trees, it is necessary to construct a method that improves the accuracy of tree assessment by employing data easily obtained in Japan and parameters optimized for Japan. In this study, we analyzed the tree structure and estimated tree compensation values based on the tree soundness research data for the street trees in Suita City, Osaka Prefecture. In addition, we quantified and monetized the ecosystem services provided by the street trees by estimating 1) carbon storage, 2) carbon sequestration, 3) air pollutant removal, 4) health incidence and medical cost reductions, and 5) rainwater runoff reduction. As a result, the total number of trees analyzed throughout the city turned to be 8,796, comprised of 100 species. For reference purposes, the estimates are: compensation values of about 770.52 million yen,1) 1,377 tons, about 28.47 million yen,2) 90.0 tons, about 1.86 million yen/year,3) 961.1 kg/year,4)26.5 cases/year, about 11.58 million yen/year, and5) 8917.7 m3/year, about 6.41 million yen/year.

著者

守 宏美 枡田 行央 新保 奈穂美 平田 富士男

出版者

公益社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究(オンライン論文集) (ISSN:1883261X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, pp.45-52, 2023-04-29 (Released:2023-06-14)

参考文献数

11

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In recent years, there has been growing interest in the use of goats for weed control in public green spaces from the perspective of reducing the environmental impact, recycling resources, and creating new landscapes, in addition to compensating for shrinking budgets and workforces of municipalities. However, due to the lack of systematic information on the challenges of organizations working on such projects, the key to successful goat weeding remains unexplored. Therefore, a trial experiment of goat weeding for organizations with no experience was conducted at five facilities, and exploratory interviews were conducted with 15 employees. The narratives obtained were presented as a time-series diagram of their experiences using the Trajectory Equifinality Modeling (TEM) approach. The factors that give rise to changes in awareness were used to identify problems in introducing goat weeding in public green spaces managed by organizations and effective measures to deal with them. The results suggest that providing training before introduction, building consensus within the organization, clarifying the division of roles in rearing work, providing feedback to rearing staff on evaluations by users of the facility and staff and establishing a goat weeding support system are important.

著者

山口 敬太

出版者

Japanese Institute of Landscape Architecture

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究(オンライン論文集) (ISSN:1883261X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, pp.25-32, 2013 (Released:2013-12-26)

参考文献数

82

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“Yamanobe-no-michi” is known as the ancient road and a hiking route running along the east edge of the Nara Basin. This paper discusses the formation process of this route and its social background. Yamanobe-no-michi was clearly described for the first time on two guidebooks published in 1941 by Kansai Express Railway Co.,Ltd. Till then this route was an obscure route to visit the Imperial mausoleums and to hike, and was barely known to the public. Since building up people’s physical strength and visiting historical sites were encouraged, tourists increased and this route became important for tourism. Osaka Electric Railway Co.,Ltd, which is the origin of Kansai Express Railway, and its executives regarded Nara as a sacred place of an origin of the country of Japan and exhorted people to learn a primitive spirit of building the country by means of seeing the historical landscapes. Osaka Electric Railway and company’s editors encouraged tourism and identified this route as the ancient route called Yamanobe-no-michi and promoted it in their guidebooks. These guidebooks decided people’s recognition of regarding a hiking route as the ancient route of Yamanobe-no-michi. Moreover these guidebooks contributed to link landscapes to history and legend, and brought about new landscape representations.

著者

寺田 光成 木下 勇

出版者

公益社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究(オンライン論文集) (ISSN:1883261X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.52-58, 2020-11-24 (Released:2020-12-25)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

1

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This research aims to clarify the local governmental restrictions on ball play in urban parks and identify management problems. We sent 399 questionnaires to top 8 populated cities in each of 47 prefectures of Japan and 23 wards of Tokyo, 276 local governments responded. The result is as follows:1) 60% of responded local governments have restrictions on ball play, among them 40% in certain parks individually and 20% in all parks “unifiedly”. The bigger the city, the more restriction rate for ball play it has, and overall growth is provided by the increasing share of individual restrictions. In Tokyo, the unified restriction rate is significantly higher compared to other cities. 2)We identified two sources of the local governmental ball play restriction in urban parks: first - direct request from the neighborhood, second - inheritance of the restriction from the previous government. 80% of government do not know when the ball play was prohibited. 3) Once ball play is restricted, there is no case showing the change back to “non-restricted” state. About 90% of governments do not plan to change their current policy. 4) We identified that there is no clear method of decision-making regarding the ball play, including documentation.

著者

新井 隆介 大窪 久美子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究(オンライン論文集) (ISSN:1883261X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, pp.155-160, 2014-11-06 (Released:2014-11-29)

参考文献数

20

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To assess the effective vegetation management focusing on the conservation of Phengaris teleius habitats in Iwate Prefecture, we monitored plots adjacent to stands of P. teleius habitat since 2010. All of the plants in half of the all plots were mowed in June 2011. In same plots, all of the plants except Sanguisorba tenuifolia, a food plant of P. teleius, were mowed in June 2012 (experimental plots). The remaining half of the plots was not mowed (control plots). Plots were also established in P. teleius habitat; these plots had been mowed every November since 2006 (conservation plots). We surveyed the vegetation and environmental conditions in the experimental, control, and conservation plots. The results showed that photon densities of inside of plant communities in experimental plots were higher than in control and conservation plots. In addition, the incidence of shading the food plant was lower in experimental plots than in control and conservation plots. Mowing all plants in June of the last year and while leaving the food plant in June of this year considered to be an effective vegetation management approach, as this treatment improved photoenvironment and reduced competition.

著者

山口 敬太 繁田 いづみ 川崎 雅史

出版者

Japanese Institute of Landscape Architecture

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究(オンライン論文集) (ISSN:1883261X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, pp.1-8, 2014 (Released:2014-02-26)

参考文献数

79

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“Yamanobe-no-michi” is known as one of oldest routes in Japan and a popular hiking route, which is rich in nature and cultural assets. This paper aims to clarify a development process of scenic evaluations and landscape conservation in the area of Yamanobe-no-michi, and to examine current ideas of conserving the landscape. The route Yamanobe-no-michi, which was rediscovered and indicated in 1941 for the first time, had come to stay as a hiking route, and lots of scenic representation had been made in the area along the route. The area has been conserved since 1960s, and the route of Yamanobe-no-michi has been ranked as a symbol and a nucleus. When the area was designated as a Historic Landscape Preservation District, a historical landscape council attached great importance to “mental landscape” composed of images formed by ancient literature. The area was designated as a quasi-national park, and a trail was established as a part of Tokai Nature Trail. This paper showed a rediscovery and indication of the ancient route afforded an opportunity to develop its peculiar area image and to conserve landscapes of its surrounding area. The route has become a substantial ancient route in the end.

著者

水口 仁人 福井 亘 宮本 脩詩 髙林 裕

出版者

公益社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究(オンライン論文集) (ISSN:1883261X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.20-23, 2020-06-24 (Released:2020-08-06)

参考文献数

24

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Communal roosts of birds formed on the street trees are problems in many cities, but no drastic solution has been found. Therefore, it is considered necessary to clarify the current situation of communal roosts from quantitative investigations and to accumulate knowledge of communal roosts formed on the street trees. The purpose of this study was to investigate the communal roosts on street trees of Kyoto city as an example, and to grasp the current situation. A research site was selected from places where Passer montanus and Spodiopsar cineraceus roosting in Kyoto. The survey was conducted once a week between June 13 and November 4, 2018, recording the number of roosting individuals, the time of roost initiation and completion, and roosting status. As a result, it became clear that a population roost will be formed until October. Furthermore, it was found that the population of P. montanus and S. cineraceus forming the communal roost increased during June. In addition, the initiation and completion times of roosting are close to the changes in sunset time, and it is considered that the sunset time is one of the factors affecting the roosting time. And, it was thought that there could be trees that are favored as roosts.

著者

野中 勝利

出版者

公益社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究(オンライン論文集) (ISSN:1883261X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, pp.45-57, 2015-07-17 (Released:2015-08-18)

参考文献数

59

被引用文献数

1 5

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Most of the sites of castles in Japan are now public parks. However, the timing and process of their conversion into parks differed from city to city. This study looks at the site of Akita (Kubota) Castle, showing how it was made into a park after the completion of the initial design and revised designs. Nagaoka Yasuhei created a design for the site in 1896 that was later revised three times. The 1896 design included Shokonsha and the Akita Jinja shrine, while making use of the ruins of the castle. Over the next two years the prefecture created a park according to this design, increasing the budget several times to accomplish this. Additional work was carried out over the next two years, again with extra funding. Revised designs in 1902 and 1907 added partial landscaping and moved Akita Jinja out of the park. After this the prefecture made no more prominent changes. A revised design of 1911 was intended to expand the park and dispose of the remaining castle ruins. The prefecture immediately budgeted funds for the new work and actively promoted the completion of the park.

著者

伊藤 渚生 板川 暢 一ノ瀬 友博

出版者

公益社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究(オンライン論文集) (ISSN:1883261X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, pp.1-8, 2018-01-04 (Released:2018-02-22)

参考文献数

37

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In this paper, we aim to reevaluate the difficult-to-evacuate zone, and clarify the current problems of evacuation in Kamakura City. First, evaluation of the tsunami evacuation buildings was done by comparing with the building height and with the maximum reference water level of Tsunami. Next, setting the evacuation target point to where people could escape out of the flooded area, we calculated the evacuation possible area by using 2 indexes, referring to the guideline of evacuation buildings. Moreover, by utilizing reach area analysis of Network Analysis extension by ArcGIS 10.3, we created the area based on the road and defined the evacuation possible area. The other areas were defined as the difficult-to-evacuate zone. And we calculated how many people would have the difficulty to evacuate and verified the landscape district. As a result, we found out that there are areas having the necessity to be assigned evacuation buildings, areas needing a review of landscape district, and areas that need new roads to become the evacuation route while in times of tsunami.

著者

黒田 乃生

出版者

Japanese Institute of Landscape Architecture

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究(オンライン論文集) (ISSN:1883261X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, pp.55-62, 2012 (Released:2012-07-24)

参考文献数

106

被引用文献数

1

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This research is aimed to clarify the tourism development and history of designation as a National Park of Mt. Aso from documents survey. In the Meiji-era, several foreign nationals climbed Mt. Aso, which is the beginning of leisure activity. They followed the route from Nango-dani, on the other hand most Japanese took the route from Aso dani. From the Taisho-era to the beginning of the Showa-era Tatsuki Matsumura and others played active roles in designation of National Park, which were succeeded in 1924. During the time, Tsuyoshi Tamura visited the sites for three times. His perception of Mt. Aso had changed from admiration of the expansive scale of the natural landscape to the diversity of the cultural landscape. Mt. Aso was different from other mountains,which were discovered as “natural landscapes” at the time on the aspect of that is an active volcano, has less of forest, has grass landscape and historic religious site. Because of these points, Aso have been promoted positive developments in tourism. Though some problems occurred at a same time. Today, the relative point of view to the diverse value is necessary.

著者

水内 佑輔

出版者

公益社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究(オンライン論文集) (ISSN:1883261X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, pp.50-61, 2019-08-28 (Released:2019-09-17)

参考文献数

109

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It is believed that there is a deep connection between shrine and forest. Meiji Jingu’s forest that was settled in 1920, is famous for being created to aim for completion after 100 years along with the thoughts of forest ecology. This is a historical study to explore the process of the construction of the Meiji Jingu and its planning philosophy focusing on its forest. This study conducted by collecting and using primary sources such as minutes and drawings, and was proceeded by considering both discourse and physical plan. As a result, the following were clarified. Not only the forest but also the water system and landform, especially, the behind of shrine buildings were conceived as the spatial element to produces the landscape experience in Meiji Jingu, and the ideas were derived from Ise Jingu and Nikko Toshogu shrine. Then, process of the development of the physical plan in Meiji Shrine construction were visualized. In addition, that the planning theory of shrine forest before that had been inconsistent with the conventional idea and situation, and the less of expense of the forest management were the reason for the change in the planning concept of the Shrine forest.

著者

板川 暢 一ノ瀬 友博

出版者

社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究(オンライン論文集) (ISSN:1883261X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, pp.32-38, 2018-05-09 (Released:2018-05-23)

参考文献数

24

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We investigated the migration range of Calopteryx atrata Selys (Odonata: Calopterygidae) using the mark and recapture method in Akuwa River and Ooka River which run through the urban area of Yokohama City, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. 286 individuals were marked and released at four spots, and 64 marked individuals were recaptured after several days. Initial findings showed that the maximum total migrant distance was 1319 meters, and the average was 323 meters. The individuals that migrated upper stream were more than those in the lower stream, and the migration range to upper was significantly longer than to the lower. Secondly, we analyzed the factors that promote or stunt the migration of C.atrata by GLMM with random effect. Results showed that survival days from release, the area of lower riverbed and coverage of shade were positively correlated with total migration distance. Meanwhile, the coverage of three types of the aquatic plant commonly had a negative correlation with the total migration distance. Also, the coverage area ratio of forest around rivers partly promotes the migration distance of C.atrata, if values of factors were added up in a more wide range from the release spot. The study’s results showed that continuously establishing preferred riparian habitats with aquatic vegetation and a conservation of forests close to rivers enhance C.atrata’s large migration and expanded habitats.

著者

下村 泰史

出版者

公益社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究(オンライン論文集) (ISSN:1883261X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, pp.37-44, 2015 (Released:2015-07-23)

参考文献数

14

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In Japan’s modern era land readjustment system is a very important procedure of urban development. In the land readjustment area of Kyoto city we are able to find some historical transitions in the layout method of “machi”, the minimum unit of town community. The city’s technical guidelines in 1935 adopted street conscious method in “machi” layout. One “machi” was settled on both sides of a street. A street was the axis of a “machi”. This is similar to the traditional structure of the Kyoto city. This guideline was canceled in 1972 by new technical guideline which had the block conscious method. But in reality, street conscious method had been abandoned in 1940’s. In this city’s western area, there are several land readjustment areas in full of variety in built-up time. In this paper we compare them one another, and analysis relationship between their “machi” layout and social and physical conditions in those days.

著者

園田 陽一 武田 ゆうこ 松江 正彦

出版者

公益社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究(オンライン論文集) (ISSN:1883261X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, pp.7-16, 2011 (Released:2011-03-14)

参考文献数

108

被引用文献数

5 2

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This study reviewed recent studies of road-kill, barrier effect and mitigation techniques on wild animals. It also surveyed road-crossing structures used in Japan. By comparing Japanese and international case studies, we addressed the possibility of studies on road-kill, barrier effect and mitigation technique development in Japan. The road-studies in Japan were mostly studies of the road-kill of Sika deer, Cervus nippon yesoensis, and Raccoon dog, Nyctereutes procyonoides. There were fewer Japanese studies on roadkill and barrier effect examining species, taxa, and landscapes than international studies. Most of the road-crossing structures were underpasses, box-culverts, and pipe-culverts targeting large and mid-sized mammals. There were fewer eco-bridges targeting arboreal mammals and amphibian tunnels targeting herptiles in Japan. In the future, it will be necessary to analyze the factors influencing road-kill and barrier effect of various species and taxa in order to develop mitigation techniques targeting arboreal mammals and herptiles, and to develop quantitative methods for monitoring wild mammals utilizing road-crossing structures as movement corridors.

著者

章 璐 黒田 乃生

出版者

公益社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究(オンライン論文集) (ISSN:1883261X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, pp.47-54, 2017-03-31 (Released:2017-04-22)

参考文献数

60

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The ‘Art Districts’ in China, which started by the spontaneous gathering of artists, are the places where the works of contemporary art are produced, exhibited and sold. In recent years, as the Chinese government expected an economical effect from these art districts, the government has made the contemporary art a part of ‘Cultural Creative Industry’ and supports it politically. Since then these districts have expanded from Beijing to other big cities in China. The purpose of this paper is to consider the changes in the relationship between policy and Contemporary Art by intervention of a government, based on the developments in the art districts in the Chinese mainland. The results show that art districts spread to the big cities, they are changed by administrative policy and real-estate development. There is a direct relationship between the change in a related policy and the development in the Chinese art districts. Therefore, the support from the central government increasing recognition of the cultural industry and development in “Cultural Creative Industry Park” is an important factor in the rapid increase of the art districts.

著者

山本 真人 大野 研

出版者

公益社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究(オンライン論文集) (ISSN:1883261X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, pp.21-32, 2019-04-22 (Released:2019-06-21)

参考文献数

68

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This paper presents assessments on the changes of ecosystem services using the definition of the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. Rates of agricultural output, rates of forested areas, rates of tourists, rates of city park areas, and diversity of plant community was mapped at the municipal level prior to the latest municipal mergers, or at every natural park. The results of the assessments demonstrated that the values of provisioning services have decreased in most areas. There are differences between the northern areas and the southern areas of Mie prefecture among other ecosystem services. In the northern areas, the values of regulating services have decreased. The values of cultural services and supporting services have increased, or were already high. In the southern areas, the values of provisioning services have increased in a part of the area, although they have decreased in most areas. And, the values of regulating services have increased. The values of cultural services and supporting services have decreased, or were already low. However, they have increased in a part of the area. In particular, in the southern area, most kinds of ecosystem services were already at a low level, but these trends have diminished recently. To make this study more effective for the practice, we will analyze more indicators in the future.

著者

愛甲 哲也 五木田 玲子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究(オンライン論文集) (ISSN:1883261X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, pp.1-6, 2016-01-05 (Released:2016-01-16)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

2

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Visitor monitoring is the essential management effort to make planning and management reasonable in national parks. Exact visitor statistics make managers possible to evaluate effectiveness of current management practices and facilities, and to predict future trends and demands to the park. In this study, we asked park managers to answer the current status and problems regarding with visitor monitoring which includes counting number of visitors and visitor survey. As the results, visitor counting and visitor survey have been conducted in most parks. Park managers recognized the importance and necessity of visitor monitoring. Nevertheless, they are concerned about the lack of budget and staff, and the reliability of monitoring methods. It is considered that standardized monitoring method and devices should be distributed, and sufficient budget and personnel training are necessary.

著者

瀨古 祥子 福井 亘 濱田 佳奈

出版者

社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究(オンライン論文集) (ISSN:1883261X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, pp.7-10, 2015-12-09 (Released:2016-01-29)

参考文献数

16

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This paper will examine citizens’ thoughts on the pavement/curb failure by street tree roots in urban area of Kyoto city. The problem is a street tree root growth that rift up and break many pavements and curds. Through some questionnaire, this paper can know they have various thoughts on the problem. Citizens feel that street having the failures is not safe for their daily life. They also think the failure is not good for trees and the townscape. Some experts point out the size of planting plots and the wide of sidewalk is too small for street trees. This study also researches the incidence rate of the failure. We chose some main streets to this research. The sites of this research are 4 main streets running north-south in Kyoto city. All species of street trees for the research is maidenhair tree. As a result, people living in front of a street has the highest rate of the failure has stronger opinion on the problems than other cases. About 49% of them want to improve the condition of sidewalk and planting plot, and about 58% of them feel that the pavement/curb failure by street tree roots is not safe for walking. Improvement of comfortable sidewalk for street trees and people is required.

著者

橋本 佳延 石丸 京子 黒田 有寿茂 増永 滋生 横田 潤一郎

出版者

社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究(オンライン論文集) (ISSN:1883261X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, pp.69-76, 2012 (Released:2012-08-10)

参考文献数

63

被引用文献数

1

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Miscanthus sinensis grasslands can be dominated by dwarf bamboo such as Pleioblastus chino var. viridis after abandonment, leading to decrease diversity in the communities. We investigated the effect of mowing on recovery of grassland species richness and cover, and overall species composition over three years. Two treatments were tested: mowing above ground vegetation every autumn and mowing above ground vegetation every autumn with selective cutting of P. chino var. viridis in the first summer. The number of grassland plant species increased slightly under both treatments, although M. sinensis did not return as the dominant species in either treatment after the restoration. The addition of selective cutting of P. chino var. viridis resulted in greater cover of M. sinensis and higher richness and cover of grassland species. These results show that selective cutting of P. chino var. viridis in summer enhance the effect of management for restoring grassland species diversity in long-abandoned semi-natural grassland communities.