著者
佐野 武仁 内田 敦子 Takehito SANO Atsuko UCHIDA 昭和女子大学生活環境学科 昭和女子大学生活環境学科 Department of Human Environmental Science and Design Showa Women's University Department of Human Environmental Science and Design Showa Women's University
出版者
昭和女子大学近代文化研究所
雑誌
學苑 = GAKUEN (ISSN:13480103)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.813, pp.49-57, 2008-07-01

There are various theories about the origin of glass. One is that glass beads were made during the time of the Old Kingdom in Egypt (27th-22nd century BC). Another suggests that glass was first manufactured around 18th-17th century BC. The truth is uncertain. Without a doubt, however, glass has been a notable feature of a great deal of architecture, most notably the Crystal Palace which was built on the grounds of the first World Exposition, held in Hyde Park, London, in 1851. It was an enormous building made from an iron frame work and glass. The theme of this paper is the continuing evolution of glass architecture. It discusses design, and plans which make full use of state-of-the-art technology to achieve energy conservation. Here, the term "glass architecture" refers to buildings whose outer walls and roofs are mainly or entirely made of glass. The distinguishing features of glass architecture can be described as follows: (1) In glass architecture, the aim is to bring more light into the building, and thereby create building with a healthy environment and outstanding occupant comfort, which prevents people from getting sick. This can be achieved by skillfully using natural conditions such as light and heat. (2) Transparent architecture allows people to see the sunny sky on clear days, and the cloudy sky when it is overcast. Sunshades are indispensable fixtures which enable adjustment of light and heat. (3) Glass architecture is the starting point for greenhouses, and the standard practice is to investigate greenhouses first when looking at design and functions such as ventilation or the heat/light environment. (4) If intelligent design and function are built in, then it is possible to construct glass architecture with outstanding occupant comfort, and low overhead thanks to energy conservation. (5) Since there are too many types of glass, and this makes things difficult to understand, a classification is used which combines the glass manufacturing process and sunshades.
著者
杉橋 朝子 セージ クリスティー 宮房 寿美子 Tomoko Sugihashi Kristie Sage Sumiko Miyafusa 昭和女子大学英語コミュニケーション学科 昭和女子大学英語コミュニケーション学科 昭和女子大学英語コミュニケーション学科
出版者
光葉会
雑誌
學苑 = GAKUEN (ISSN:13480103)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.881, pp.29-45, 2014-03-01

This paper investigates a five-week study abroad and homestay program undergone by Showa Women's University(SWU)students from various faculties and years in early 2013 at the Institute of Continuing TESOL Education, University of Queensland(ICTE-UQ), Australia. Prompted by OECD results which showed a trend that Japanese students' interest in study abroad programs is decreasing; research sought to identify from the students who participated in this program their perceived language skill improvement and language contact experiences. Feedback was sourced from a questionnaire administered by Google Forms and student reports submitted to the Centre for International Exchange(CIE). Despite an initial culture shock, and concerns with English proficiency, students developed strategies and drew on unfamiliar support systems to overcome communication issues in their multicultural learning and living environments. From this immersion, positive feedback was received regarding perceived language skill improvement, particularly for listening and speaking. Although questionnaire results do show some dissatisfaction, mainly regarding the population of Japanese students at the language school; overall, these multicultural learning and living environments had a positive effect on students' perceived English language improvement and enhanced their motivation towards communicating in English. These results indicate that short term study abroad is considered beneficial by SWU students for language skill improvement and language contact experiences. Furthermore, this paper argues that such benefits are noteworthy for SWU students in the larger context of Japanese society since English communication strategies will be required for future international events, and due to the recent revitalization of study abroad as part of Japanese education by the Abe Government. Related also is SWU's focus on globalization. Therefore, SWU students who undertake study abroad are expected to have a positive experience in regards to a heightened perception of improved language skills and language contact proficiency, coupled with an international capability.
著者
石井 正子 中村 徳子 Ishii Masako Nakamura Noriko 昭和女子大学初等教育学科 昭和女子大学初等教育学科
出版者
光葉会
雑誌
學苑 = GAKUEN (ISSN:13480103)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.860, pp.82-97, 2012-06-01

Abstract In this paper, we review the literature regarding the education of autistic children, summarize information obtained from an inspection of educational facilities for autistic children in the United States, and point out possible problems in the treatment of autistic children. Various educational programs for autistic children, including ABA(Applied Behavior Analysis), TEACCH(Treatment and Education of Autistic and related Communication handicapped Children), and DIR(The Developmental, Individual Difference, Relationship-Based model), were developed in America, and that they are effective has been confirmed. For children aged 3-21 with disabilities, the federal government provides appropriate public education free of charge, as is guaranteed in the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. However, parents of autistic children are required to have specialized knowledge about their child's disabilities and rehabilitation, and to have the ability to effectively take advantage of social resources. We also consider the question of whether too much emphasis is placed on educational programs tailored to individual students at the expense of the possible beneficial effects of mass education.
著者
天笠 邦一 Kunikazu AMAGASA 昭和女子大学現代教養学科
雑誌
學苑 = GAKUEN (ISSN:13480103)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.892, pp.9-21, 2015-02-01

Social media, such as Twitter and Instagram, are an increasingly common part of modern life. Especially, Instagram is getting more and more popular as a fashion medium and a fashion learning platform because of its picture processing and sharing functions. This article discusses both the inner and outer effects of social media on the process of learning fashion and on information distribution. The author also conducted an internet survey and analyzes 455 responses. The analysis revealed that 1)Twitter and Instagram are extensions of existing network media such as weblogs, and 2)they possess great potentials in distributing pop culture independent from mass media and high culture.
著者
三浦 香苗 長澤 陽平 石井 正子 Kanae MIURA Yohei NAGASAWA Masako ISHII 千葉市立宮崎小学校 植草幼児専門学校 Miyazaki Elementary School in Chiba-shi Uekusa Kindergarten Teacher Training School
出版者
昭和女子大学
雑誌
學苑 = GAKUEN (ISSN:13480103)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.761, pp.27-39, 2004-02-01

The purpose of this study is to investigate how contemporary college students perceive destroying living things. In Study 1, an attempt was made to make a scale incorporating factor analysis of various items concerning destroying lives. The result extracted three subscales: "brutal destruction for play", "destruction for human living", and "destruction for educational practice". In Study 2, we examined relationships between the three subscales and student past experiences. Results showed that the three subscales had correlations with "wild play experience" and "experience of gathering food". In Study 3, the scale of destroying lives was completed, and the correlation with human living experience and their sense of life value were investigated. The results showed that experience of keeping a pet worked negative toward "brutal destruction" and "dissection". Also, "field play experiences" and "experiences in home" worked positive toward "dissection".
著者
富本 靖 Yasushi Tomimoto 昭和女子大学 Showa Women's University
出版者
昭和女子大学近代文化研究所
雑誌
學苑 = GAKUEN (ISSN:13480103)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.800, pp.36-49, 2007-06-01

In this paper the author examines the historical background of physical education. Wherefrom it came, whereto it goes and how it should be in the future? Chapter 1 discusses its historical background as well as pointing out the problems it contains from the beginning. Chapter 2 focuses on the historical backgrounds and thoughts on the physical education in the United States of America and China eliciting the typical conditions of both the Western and Asian countries. Conditions in Japan are also compared in this chapter. Chapter 3 explores the ideal way the school physical education should be and our future task is shown.