著者

小野寺 祐夫 石倉 俊治 香川 容子 田中 恵子

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

衛生化学 (ISSN:0013273X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.4, pp.196-205, 1976-08-31

被引用文献数

10 5

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As fundamental studies on chemical changes of organophosphorus pesticides during chlorination of the water, fate of 11 kinds of P=S type and 2 kinds of P=O type pesitcides in the chlorinated water was examined by thin-layer and gas chromatographic methods. Most of these pesticides examined were found to undergo a chemical change in water containing free chlorine as small as 0.1 ppm. Therefore, at a higher concentration of free chlorine, the P=S compounds were easily oxidized to P=O analogs in the water. However, P=O analogs were not detected from Dimethoate and Ethion in the water, while Dipterex, a P=O compound, underwent dehydrochlorination and rearrangement to form DDVP. Among the P=O derivatives formed from P=S compounds, Malaoxon, Paraoxon, and Diazoxon were comparatively stable in the water but Methyl paraoxon, Sumioxon, and Phosvel-oxon were markedly hydrolyzed and formed phenolic compounds in the water. Oxidation of P=O compounds with free chlorine was hardly influenced by the presence of magnesium, calcium and ferric ions less them 1.0 ppm but suppressed by a ferrous ion.

著者

星野 乙松 丹沢 珪子 原納 靖子 浮田 忠之進 金沢 実

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

衛生化学 (ISSN:0013273X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.3, pp.133-137, 1966-06-30

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Gas chromatography was applied for the identification of 5 pharmaceuticals which contain bromisovalerylurea and other drugs. The gas chromatography of the standard compounds in ethanolic solution was performed by using a column containing 1.5% carbowax and 2.5% SE-30 as the stationary phase. The discrimination from each other of these 5 pharmaceuticals was successfully achieved by using above gas chromatographic method. The application of the method for forensic purposes was also reported.

著者

佐谷戸 安好 中室 克彦 上野 仁 丈達 泰史 後藤 里花 長谷川 達也 早津 彦哉 坂本 博

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

衛生化学 (ISSN:0013273X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.3, pp.197-204, 1991-06-30

被引用文献数

13

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Several preconcentration methods for the detection of organic mutagens in water, including blue rayon and XAD-2 resin column methods, were compared. The mutagenicity test of the extracts from blue rayons hung at the six points of the Yodo river revealed similar frame-shift type mutagenicity to our previous report with the XAD-2 resin column method. For the quantitative concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water, it was shown that the blue rayon column method was more efficient than the blue rayon hanging method or XAD-2 resin column method. Extracts from the Yodo river water and sewage treatment plant effluent obtained by the XAD-2 resin column and blue rayon hanging methods may contain nitroarenes and aminoarenes.

著者

鹿庭 正昭 小嶋 茂雄 中村 晃忠

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

衛生化学 (ISSN:0013273X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.6, pp.391-398, 1981-12-31

被引用文献数

2 1

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It has been recognized that lead poisoning in children in the United States is mainly caused by lead containing paints. In order to clarify whether children in Japan are safe from lead poisoning or not, we investigated lead contents in paints, paints covering pencils, wax crayons, water colors, and those in paint scrapings collected from the buildings of the National Institute of Hygienic Sciences and from its members' houses by the modified A.O.A.C. method. Consequently, considerable numbers of samples containing more than 0.06% of lead, which is the regulatory limit in the United States, were found : 10/31 in paints, 3/49 in paints covering pencils, 0/55 in wax crayons, 3/54 in water colors, and 19/68 in paint scrapings collected. From those analytical data, it was clarified that children in Japan are not always safe from lead poisoning and the further investigation should be undertaken to obtain more exact information.

著者

高槻 圭悟 鈴木 滋 牛沢 勇 庄子 卓郎

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

衛生化学 (ISSN:0013273X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.4, pp.350-358, 1988-08-30

被引用文献数

2 2

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A method for the confirmation of monascus pigment colored on the skin of fresh fishes was developed. A fish sample was extracted once with methanol at room temperature (30 min), and the extract or its condensate was checked for monascus pigment by visible absorption spectrometry, green fluorescence after reaction with ammonia and acetone, and thin layer chromatography. The extract which seemed to contain monascus pigment was further examined by liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). On the liquid chromatogram using two eluants successively, monascus pigment showed a characteristic peak to both visible and fluorescent detection, which was a clear indication of monascus pigment. Complex peaks appeared on the GC-MS total ion chromatogram, but the constituents of monascus pigment were identified by the mass spectra of these peaks, which could be used to confirm monascus pigment.

著者

浮島 美之 秋元 宣子 成田 弘子 石川 雅章 藤井 貴野 木野 正彦 山脇 正樹 岡田 昌二

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

衛生化学 (ISSN:0013273X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.5, pp.339-346, 1989-10-31

被引用文献数

1

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To identify the species of mushrooms mainly for the distinction of poisonous mushrooms from edible ones, thin layer isoelectric focusing analysis was applied on their water-soluble proteins. 1. The electrophoretic profiles were species-specific. The proteins extracted from the cap and stem in a species gave essentially identical profiles. 2. The profiles of cap proteins of 10 individuals of Akamomitake (Lactarius deliciosus) were indifferent, indicating that the intra-species variation of water-soluble proteins was little. 3. The heat treatment at higher than 60℃, for 10 min, of the water-soluble proteins of Dokutsurutake (Amanita virosa) caused temperature-dependent disappearance of protein bands, while not significant change up to 60℃. 4. The values of pI and relative peak height of isoelectro-focused water-soluble protein bands were numerically expressed. These numerical values were species-specific, indicating that mushroom species might be identified by analyzing the water-soluble proteins with a verification of the tables of these numerical values. 5. The present method was applied for the identification of poisonous Kusaurabenitake (Rhodophyllus rhodopolius) mixed in Urabenihoteishimeji (Rhodophyllus crassipes) which caused a food poisoning incident. The former mushroom was satisfactorily identified by this method.

著者

塚田 司郎 出村 礼子 山本 郁男

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

衛生化学 (ISSN:0013273X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.2, pp.85-90, 1984-04-30

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Fluorometric determination for hydrogen peroxide based on the formation of thiochrome was studied. Thiochrome is oxidation product of thiamine and gives intense fluorescence. Though bromine cyanide or pottasium ferricyanide has been generally used as oxidizing agent of thiamine, it was proved that hydrogen peroxide was useful as oxidizing agent. Then, hydrogen peroxide can be determined from the quantity of produced thiochrome. The analytical procedure was as follows ; to a sample solution containing a proper quantity of hydrogen peroxide, 1 ml of thiamine (30μg/ml), peroxidase (10 units/ml), and sodium hydroxide solution (20%) were added. The mixture was stood for 30 minutes at room temperature and saturated with sodium sulfate. Ten ml of isobutanol was further added and shaken to extract thiochrome produced here. Fluorescence intensity of the separated isobutanol after treatment with sodium sulfate was measured (λEx ; 375 nm, λEm ; 430 nm). The calibration curve was linear up to H_2O_2 0.2μg/tube. On the basis of the proposed method, remaining hydrogen peroxide in Japanese noodle (udon) could be determined with the recovery of 90.6% and coefficient of variation of 1.1%.

著者

DEMURA REIKO TSUKADA SHIRO SHIGA KIMIKO YAMAMOTO IKUO

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

衛生化学 (ISSN:0013273X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.3, pp.219-225, 1986-06-30

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A fluorometric determination of H_2O_2 based on the formation of amprochrome was developed. Amprochrome is an oxidation product of amprolium, an agent used for treating coccidiosis of chickens, and has a strong fluorescence. Though potassium ferricyanide has been used for oxidizing amprolium, H_2O_2 is also considered to be useful for the reaction. The analytical procedure was as follows. To a sample solution containing a suitable quantity of H_2O_2,1 ml of amprolium (500 μg/ml), NaOH (10%) and peroxidase solution (20 units/ml) were added. The mixture was shaken for 45 min at room temperature and amprochrome produced was extracted with 10 ml of isoBuOH after saturating the solution with sodium sulfate. Relative fluorescence intensity of the separated isoBuOH layer was measured (excitation wavelength 400 nm and emission wavelength 460 nm) against that of 10^<-6>M quinine sulfate in 0.1 N H_2SO_4. The calibration plot was linear up to H_2O_2 0.2 μg/tube. On the basis of the proposed method, remaining H_2O_2 in Japanese noodles (udon) could be determined with a recovery of 82.4-108%.

著者

神谷 明男

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

衛生化学 (ISSN:0013273X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.5, pp.267-270, 1975-10-31

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A method for determination of vanadium in air by flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry was studied. Atomospheric particulates were collected on a Gelman filter by a high-volume air sampler, and extracted with 5% hydrochloric acid. Cupferron, a chelating agent, reacts with vanadium to form a complex, which can be extracted with methyl isobutyl ketone. The solvent was dried, ashed, and atomized by passing through a high electric current of the atomizer. The concentration of vanadium was calculated directly from the calibration curve by measuring the absorbance of vanadium at 318.5 nm. Cations, except tin, did not interfere the determination of vanadium seriously. Analytical results were in good agreement with those obtained by a nitrous oxide-acetylene flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The coefficient of variation was from 4.4% to 9.4%, and the limit of detection was 0.03 ppm of vanadium, when the signal/noise ratio was 2.

著者

吉田 篤夫

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

衛生化学 (ISSN:0013273X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.2, pp.110-120, 1992-04-30

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The mechanism for the international regulatory control of drugs of abuse under the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs and the Convention on Psychotropic Substances is outlined. A historical overview of the substances which have been added to the list of controlled drugs is presented, focusing on the review of dependence-producing substances by the World Health Organization (WHO) for international control decisions.

著者

山元 俊憲 寺田 賢 吉田 武美 吉村 三郎 黒岩 幸雄

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

衛生化学 (ISSN:0013273X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.5, pp.326-330, 1981-10-31

被引用文献数

3

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Sympathomimetic amines, amphetamine and methamphetamine, were determined as trifluoroacetyl derivatives by gas chromatography (GC) equipped with a flame-thermionic detector (FTD). Resolution of these derivatives was carried out in a glass column (3 mm×1 m), packed with 1.5% SE-30 on Chromosorb W (AW-DMCS) at 110℃, with helium at a flow rate 50 ml/min. Detection limit of these amines was 0.1 ng. In a case of the autopsy samples from 4.5 month-postmortem suspected the intoxication of methamphetamine, we could detect the amine by FTD-GC, and the content was calculated to be 12.5 μg per g wet weight liver.