著者
高畑 尚之
出版者
一般社団法人 日本生物物理学会
雑誌
生物物理 (ISSN:05824052)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.23, no.4, pp.167-171, 1983-07-25 (Released:2009-05-25)
参考文献数
21
著者
原 雄二 土谷 正樹 平野 航太郎 梅田 眞郷
出版者
一般社団法人 日本生物物理学会
雑誌
生物物理 (ISSN:05824052)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.60, no.4, pp.222-226, 2020 (Released:2020-07-29)
参考文献数
20

Fusion of myoblast cells and subsequent formation of multinucleated cells (called myotubes) are fundamental steps for generation of myofibers. In this review we focus on a role of phospholipid flippase complex ATP11A/CDC50A, a phospholipid translocase that transports phospholipids from the outer to the inner leaflets, during myotube formation. We show that translocation of phosphoatidylserine (PS) via phospholipid flippase is essential for positive regulation of PIEZO1, a mechanosensitive ion channel that is activated by membrane tension, thereby promoting RhoA/ROCK-mediated actomyosin formation that is critical for determination of myotube morphology.
著者
佐々木 顕
出版者
一般社団法人 日本生物物理学会
雑誌
生物物理 (ISSN:05824052)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.27, no.6, pp.287-291, 1987-11-25 (Released:2009-05-25)
参考文献数
15

The evolution of natal emigration is studied theoretically assuming exogamy. The model predicts that extremely sex-biased pattem of natal emigration should be evolved, and that less productive sex is to leave the natal troop. Observed patterns of natal dispersal in bird alld nammal species are discussed, in relation to the present model.
著者
平井 照久
出版者
一般社団法人 日本生物物理学会
雑誌
生物物理 (ISSN:05824052)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.47, no.5, pp.317-322, 2007 (Released:2007-09-28)
参考文献数
21
被引用文献数
1 1

Major facilitator superfamily (MFS) is the largest family of secondary transporters. MFS includes uniporter, antiporter and symporter. The structure of oxalate transporter reported by electron crystallography showed a “closed” conformation and it revealed remarkably symmetric architecture with twelve helices surrounding a central cavity. Some of the structures reported by X-ray crystallography showed “open” conformation. Comparing these structures, a transport mechanism based on the simple domain movement has been proposed.
著者
藤田 祐一 栗栖 源嗣
出版者
一般社団法人 日本生物物理学会
雑誌
生物物理 (ISSN:05824052)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.51, no.2, pp.066-071, 2011 (Released:2011-03-30)
参考文献数
25
被引用文献数
1

Protochlorophyllide (Pchlide) reduction is the final step to make up the spectroscopic properties of chlorophyll a in biosynthesis of chlorophyll. During evolution, photosynthetic organisms have invented two structurally unrelated Pchlide reductases; light-dependent Pchlide reductase (LPOR) and light-independent (dark-operative) Pchlide reductase (DPOR). LPOR is an NADPH-dependent enzyme operating as a key enzyme for the light-dependent greening in angiosperms, and DPOR is a nitrogenase-like enzyme that allows gymnosperms, algae, cyanobacteria and photosynthetic bacteria to produce (bacterio)chlorophylls even in the dark. We will review recent major research progresses on Pchlide reductases, especially, crystallographic structure and proposed reaction mechanism of DPOR. Differential operation and evolutionary implications of these enzymes are also discussed.
著者
市村 昭二
出版者
一般社団法人 日本生物物理学会
雑誌
生物物理 (ISSN:05824052)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.6, no.3, pp.115-130, 1966-05-25 (Released:2009-05-25)
参考文献数
69
被引用文献数
1 1
著者
河野 史明 栗原 和男 玉田 太郎
出版者
一般社団法人 日本生物物理学会
雑誌
生物物理 (ISSN:05824052)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.61, no.4, pp.216-222, 2021 (Released:2021-07-30)
参考文献数
22

Neutron crystallography enables direct observation of hydrogen atoms which play crucial roles in the physiological functions of enzymes, including molecular recognition through hydrogen bonding and catalytic reactions involving proton-coupled electron transfer. Now neutron crystallography is a limited method for protein structure determination, but steadily catholicizes with an operation of diffractometers for bio-macromolecules at neutron facilities and accumulated techniques for sample preparation. In this article, we give a commentary on the current status of neutron crystallography for bio-macromolecules in the world, and illustrate our recent results, neutron structural analyses of copper amine oxidase and copper-containing nitrite reductase, which provide in-depth understandings of the enzymatic reaction mechanism.
著者
中村 照也 山縣 ゆり子 YANG Wei
出版者
一般社団法人 日本生物物理学会
雑誌
生物物理 (ISSN:05824052)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.53, no.5, pp.254-257, 2013 (Released:2013-09-25)
参考文献数
13
被引用文献数
1 1

A number of structural and kinetic studies of DNA polymerases have proposed the catalytic mechanism of the nucleotidyl-transfer reaction. However, the actual process has never been visualized. Here we show the nucleotidyl-transfer reaction process catalyzed by human DNA polymerase η using time-resolved protein crystallography. In sequence, the nucleophile 3′-OH is deprotonated, the deoxyribose at the primer end converts from C2′-endo to C3′-endo, and the nucleophile and the α-phosphate of dATP approach each other to form the new bond. A third Mg2+ ion, which arrives with the new bond and stabilizes the intermediate state, may be an unappreciated feature of the two-metal-ion mechanism.
著者
横山 武司
出版者
一般社団法人 日本生物物理学会
雑誌
生物物理 (ISSN:05824052)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.62, no.1, pp.28-31, 2022 (Released:2022-03-25)
参考文献数
19

リボソームはmRNAにコードされた遺伝情報を,アミノ酸の配列へと変換する暗号解読装置である.クライオ電子顕微鏡は,構造を次々と変化させながら機能するこの超分子複合体の構造解析において威力を発揮する.本稿では,クライオ電子顕微鏡によるリボソームの構造解析の概要と最新の成果をご紹介する.
著者
廣明 秀一
出版者
一般社団法人 日本生物物理学会
雑誌
生物物理 (ISSN:05824052)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.62, no.1, pp.39-42, 2022 (Released:2022-03-25)
参考文献数
8

アミロイドβ(Aβ)ペプチドに対する抗体医薬品アデュカヌマブ(米Biogen社,日本ではエーザイが発売予定)の認知症治療薬としての米国承認を受けて,アルツハイマー型認知症に関係するAβ多量体の分子病態に対する注目が高まりつつある.本稿では固体NMRと溶液NMRが明らかにしてきたAβ多量体の構造多型について紹介する.
著者
荻沼 政之
出版者
一般社団法人 日本生物物理学会
雑誌
生物物理 (ISSN:05824052)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.62, no.1, pp.36-38, 2022 (Released:2022-03-25)
参考文献数
9

最近我々は,脊椎動物胚でエネルギー代謝の代謝物が勾配を形成し,シグナル経路を直接制御することで胚のパターン形成を制御することを発見した.これは100年前に提唱された化学勾配モデルであるChildモデルの分子機構を実証した研究とも言える.本稿では我々の研究を紹介し,Childモデルの先見性を再確認し,今後の展望を議論したい.
著者
岩崎 憲治 宮崎 直幸
出版者
一般社団法人 日本生物物理学会
雑誌
生物物理 (ISSN:05824052)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.60, no.3, pp.153-156, 2020 (Released:2020-05-27)
参考文献数
7

An ultra-stable artificial protein cage was created by using TRAP (trp RNA-binding attenuation protein). Adding a gold (I) triphenylphosphine compound to a cysteine-substituted TRAP generated a cage 22 nm in diameter. The TRAP cage resisted severe conditions, such as high temperature, denaturing agents, and acidic and basic solvents. However, it was instantly disassembled when reducing agents were added to the solution. We can therefore fully control both assembly and disassembly of the TRAP cage. Cryo-EM single-particle analysis revealed a chiral pair of TRAP cages and their atomic structures, in which gold atoms acted as staples to connect the TRAP rings.
著者
岡崎 芳次
出版者
一般社団法人 日本生物物理学会
雑誌
生物物理 (ISSN:05824052)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.29, no.6, pp.296-299, 1989-11-25 (Released:2009-05-25)
参考文献数
30

Regulation of turor pressure is indispensable to plant cells. In algal cells, turgor pressure is regulated by changing intracellular osmotic pressure via transport of inorganic ions between vacuole and external medium. The brackish water alga, Lamprothamnium succinctum regulate turgor pressure upon hypotonic treatment by releasing K+ and Cl-. We have found that an increase in cytoplasmic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]c) occurs upon hypotonic treatment. The signal of an increase in turgor pressure may be transduced into this signal, an increase in [Ca2+]c', which would control channel-mediated ion transport from vacuole to extenal medium.
著者
庄村 康人 樋口 芳樹
出版者
一般社団法人 日本生物物理学会
雑誌
生物物理 (ISSN:05824052)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.58, no.6, pp.297-302, 2018 (Released:2018-11-27)
参考文献数
29

Hydrogenases play crucial roles in the hydrogen metabolism by catalyzing the simple reaction: H2 ⇄ 2H+ + 2e–. While the enzymes are of industrial importance, there are a number of serious obstacles to the applications such as the catalytic electrode in the fuel cells, which include the stability to O2. Here we summarize the structural and functional properties of [NiFe]-hydrogenases with focusing the protective mechanism against O2. The recent our studies have revealed that not the catalytic site itself but the Fe-S cluster equipped as the electron pathway is of functional importance for preventing from the attack by O2.